Suchergebnisse

An introduction to a special section on The Voksenasen papers, which focuses on male violence against women/girls in the Democratic Republic of Congo, notes that the violence is becoming openly recognized & brave women in the East of Congo who have silently endured the atrocities until recently have begun to speak out in spite of the risk involved. It is hoped that their voices will be heard & the contributions to this special section represent a step in that direction. Adapted from the source document.

A report on the genocide dialogue conference held at Voksenasen, Oslo, on 16-17 November, 2007, illustrates the complexity of genocide & mass violence. Themes addressed included: Northern & Southern perspectives of genocide; the deliberate or inadvertent failure to reveal the role of the colonizer in the history of genocide; lessons that can be learned from the history of genocide; the role of hegemonic powers; the development of effective mechanisms for preventing genocide; & today's most crucial issues. A list of speakers is included. References. J. Lindroth

Reports on the panel debate, "What is Genocide?", that was a response to Alejandro Bendana's keynote address at the November 2007 Genocide Dialogue Conference in Voksenasen, Oslo. Themes developed by panel members included the tendency for memories to be selective; genocide as a process; the impact of political values on positions about genocide; the need to broaden the definition of genocide; the current situation in Zimbabwe; & genocide across historical periods. Comments from the floor & the panel's response to them are included. Adapted from the source document

This article is focused on the role of international business in wealth creation. It discusses the issue of what regulations should be imposed, country by country, to encourage legal and ethical conduct by international firms. In a libertarian view, many excesses are selfcorrecting because businesses wish to operate in individual countries on a long-term basis. Serious abuses are rare but take place nonetheless, sometimes with disastrous consequences. The only effective way to control abuses is through tighter scrutiny of foreign direct investment (FDI) at a local level. Abuses affect individual countries and must therefore be policed in those countries, despite sometimes endemic corruption. Local politicians and bureaucrats—who issue FDI licenses—must be motivated by concern for public welfare and nothing else.

This article is focused on the role of international business in wealth creation. It discusses the issue of what regulations should be imposed, country by country, to encourage legal & ethical conduct by international firms. In a libertarian view, many excesses are self-correcting because businesses wish to operate in individual countries on a long-term basis. Serious abuses are rare but take place nonetheless, sometimes with disastrous consequences. The only effective way to control abuses is through tighter scrutiny of foreign direct investment (FDI) at a local level. Abuses affect individual countries & must therefore be policed in those countries, despite sometimes endemic corruption. Local politicians & bureaucrats -- who issue FDI licenses -- must be motivated by concern for public welfare & nothing else. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Inc., copyright 2006 The American Academy of Political and Social Science.]

In this article, Prof. Jones reviews Scarlett O'Hara reported in the novel Gone with the Wind about Rhett Butler's career as a blockade runner for the Confederacy, and speculates about what the law of war at sea might have meant for Captain Butler's commercial operations. He focuses on three aspects of the law of war at sea-capture or prize, blockade, and neutrality.

On April 22, 1998, the United States Supreme Court announced its decision in California v. Deep Sea Research, Inc., 1 a case of shipwreck salvage begun as a maritime action in rem. Because the Court does not often accept cases of admiralty and maritime law, its decision was eagerly anticipated by American maritime lawyers and constitutionalists, both for what it might say about the Eleventh Amendment and sovereign immunity in a federal system and how it might limit Congressional power to alter the general maritime law and admiralty jurisdiction. Also anxious for the Court's decision were the few maritime lawyers who practice what has become known as treasure salvage law. Recent advances in technologies for locating sunken wrecks and retrieving what remains have put within easy reach an accumulation of shipwrecks lost and forgotten for ages. As well as the lawyers, state governments, historic preservationists, marine archaeologists, professional shipwreck hunters, and recreational scuba divers all looked forward to the resolution of the case of the Brother Jonathan. They hoped for the Court's resolution of a variety of issues that recently had emerged on the line in general maritime law where the law of salvage abuts the law of finds. The case seemed to promise as well answers to a number of questions about the Abandoned Shipwreck Act of 1987 ("ASA"),2 a sweeping legislative intervention apparently governing shipwrecks and other marine archaeological sites on or in the bed of the territorial waters of the several United States. What the Court actually decided, however, was far short of what it might have decided. The unanimous opinion of the Court offers a simple enough answer to one very narrow question about the Eleventh Amendment. In addition, it hints at the answer to one narrow question about the proof required in a small number of shipwreck salvage cases, and, at best, invites an answer from the lower courts to another. Many other questions are left unanswered. What follows is an examination of the Supreme Court's answers in Deep Sea Research and the more important questions left unanswered. II