Suchergebnisse

Examines the role of an independent electoral commission in achieving a successful electoral process in 1996, and remaining tasks in the democratization process; 2 articles. Contents: A major step forward, by Terrence Lyons; The challenges ahead, by E. Gyimah-Boadi.

The authors assert that sovereignty can no longer be seen as a protection against interference, but as a charge of responsibility where the state is accountable to both domestic and external constituencies. In internal conflicts in Africa, sovereign states have often failed to take responsibility for their own citizens' welfare and for the humanitarian consequences of conflict, leaving the victims with no assistance. This book shows how that responsibility can be exercised by states over their own population, and by other states in assistance to their fellow sovereigns. Sovereignty as Responsibility presents a framework that should guide both national governments and the international community in discharging their respective responsibilities. Broad principles are developed by examining identity as a potential source of conflict, governance as a matter of managing conflict, and economics as a policy field for deterring conflict. Considering conflict management, political stability, economic development, and social welfare as functions of governance, the authors develop strategies, guidelines, and roles for its responsible exercise. Some African governments, such as South Africa in the 1990s and Ghana since 1980, have demonstrated impressive gains against these standards, while others, such as Rwanda, Somalia, Liberia, Nigeria, and Sudan, have failed. Opportunities for making sovereignty more responsible and improving the management of conflicts are examined at the regional and international levels. The lessons from the mixed successes of regional conflict management actions, such as the West African intervention in Liberia, the East African mediation in Sudan, and international efforts to urge talks to end the conflict in Angola, indicate friends and neighbors outside the state in conflict have important roles to play in increasing sovereign

Introduction to the special issue "From bullets to ballots: the transformation of rebel groups into political parties" / John Ishiyama. - Political party formation by former armed opposition groups after civil war / Carrie Manning & Ian Smith. - Rebel-to-party transformations in civil war peace processes 1975-2011 / Mimmi Söderberg Kovacs & Sophia Hatz. - Does political inclusion of rebel parties promote peace after civil conflict? / Michael Christopher Marshall & John Ishiyama. - From victorious rebels to strong authoritarian parties: prospects for post-war democratization / Terrence Lyons. - The Guatemalan National Revolutionary unit: the long collapse / Michael E. Allison. - Rebel-to-political and back? Hamas as a security provider in Gaza between rebellion, politics and governance / Benedetta Berti & Beatriz Gutiérrez. - Dealing with populists in government: the SYRIZA-ANEL coalition in Greece / Paris Aslanidis & Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser

Understanding quality peace : introducing the five dimensions / Madhav Joshi & Peter Wallensteen -- Peace implementation and quality peace / Terence Lyons -- Same peace, different quality? : the importance of security equality for quality peace / Louise Olsson -- Governance and negotiations : whose quality standards? / Roger Mac Ginty -- Approaches to negotiations in post-civil war settings : the role of local institutions / Jenny Guardado, Leonard Wantchekon, & Sarah Weltman -- Business on the frontlines / Viva Ona Bartkus -- Peace processes, economic recovery and development agencies / Achim Wennmann -- Factoring transitional justice into the quality peace equation / David Backer -- The challenges of reconciling the old and the new in truth and reconciliation commission processes : the case of Solomon Islands / Karen Brounéus & Holly Guthrey -- Reconciliation's contributions to quality peace / Alexander Dukalskis, Laura K. Taylor & John Darby -- Is civil society needed for quality peace? / Thania Paffenholz -- Civil society and quality peace : what happened in El Salvador / Richard Jones -- Quality of peace in Cambodia : 20 years after the Paris Peace Agreement / Kheang Un -- El Salvador twenty years later : successful democratization but questionable peace / Dinorah Azpuru -- Quality peace Northern Ireland case study / Colin Knox -- Mozambique : a credible commitment to peace / Carrie Manning & Chipo Dendere -- Developing quality peace : moving forward / Peter Wallensteen & Madhav Joshi