Suchergebnisse

Proportionality is intimately linked to the overarching concepts of self-defense, lawful force, and the controlled application of violence. It is one of the most visible facets of humanitarian law designed to reduce unnecessary human suffering and avoid excessive damage to property, and the natural environment. However, its application has come under renewed scrutiny and sustained controversy as a result of wars against non-state actors and from the extensive use of drones, human shields, cyber war techniques, and counterinsurgency tactics. Proportionality in International Law critically asses

"This collection of essays brings together jus post bellum and transitional justice theorists to explore the legal and moral questions that arise at the end of war and in the transition to less oppressive regimes. Transitional justice and jus post bellum share in common many concepts that will be explored in this volume. In both transitional justice and jus post bellum, retribution is crucial. In some contexts criminal trials will need to be held, and in others truth commissions and other hybrid trials will be considered more appropriate means for securing some form of retribution. But there is a difference between how jus post bellum is conceptualized, where the key is securing peace, and transitional justice, where the key is often greater democratization. This collection of essays highlights both the overlap and the differences between these emerging bodies of scholarship and incipient law"--

Introduction / Larry May and Andrew T. Forcehimes -- Post-conflict truth telling : exploring extended territory / Margaret Walker -- Reparations, restitution, and transitional justice / Larry May -- Addressing atrocity at the local level : community- based approaches to transitional justice in Central Africa / Phil Clark -- Timor-Leste and transitional justice : should we pursue international prosecutions for the crimes committed in East Timor in 1999? / Jovana Davidovic -- Justice after war : economic actors, economic crimes, and the moral imperative for accountability after war / Joanna Kyriakakis -- Child soldiers, transitional justice, and the architecture of post bellum settlements / Mark A. Drumbl -- Our soldiers, right or wrong : the postwar treatment of troops / C.A.J. Coady -- Democratization and just cause / Robert Talisse -- Skepticism about jus post bellum / Seth Lazar -- Law and the jus post bellum : counseling caution / Robert Cryer -- Conclusion / Andrew Forcehimes and Larry May.

We criticize the following views: only the rapist is responsible since only he committed the act; no one is responsible since rape is a biological response to stimuli; everyone is responsible since men and women contribute to the rape culture; and patriarchy is responsible but no person or group. We then argue that, in some societies, men are collectively responsible for rape since most benefit from rape and most are similar to the rapist.

Our primary focus is the concept of intimacy, especially in the context of adult American male relationships. We begin with an examination of comradeship, a nonintimate form of friendship, then develop an account of the nature and value of intimacy in friendship. We follow this with discussions of obstacles to intimacy and of Aristotle's views. In the final section, we discuss the process of men attaining intimacy.