Childhood Adversities and Adult Use of Potentially Injurious Physical Discipline in Japan
In: Journal of family violence, Band 30, Heft 4, S. 515-527
ISSN: 1573-2851
77 Ergebnisse
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In: Journal of family violence, Band 30, Heft 4, S. 515-527
ISSN: 1573-2851
In: Journal of family violence, Band 39, Heft 3, S. 449-456
ISSN: 1573-2851
In: Evaluation and program planning: an international journal, Band 56, S. 31-42
ISSN: 1873-7870
In: Journal of family violence, Band 37, Heft 8, S. 1353-1366
ISSN: 1573-2851
In: Journal of family violence, Band 36, Heft 3, S. 281-291
ISSN: 1573-2851
OBJECTIVES: Numerous US state legislatures have proposed bills to ban gender-affirming medical interventions for minors. Parents and caregivers play a critical role in advocating for and supporting their transgender and gender-diverse youth (TGDY). We aimed to understand parent and caregiver perspectives about this potential legislation and perceived effects on their TGDY's mental health. METHODS: We developed and launched a social-media based, anonymous online survey in February 2020 to assess parent and caregiver perspectives on proposed laws to ban gender-affirming medical interventions for minors. Participants were asked to respond to two open-ended questions about these laws; responses were coded to identify key themes. RESULTS: We analyzed responses from 273 participants from 43 states. Most identified as white (86.4%) female (90.0%) mothers (93.8%), and 83.6% of their TGDY had received gender-affirming medical interventions before age 18 years. The most salient theme, which appeared in the majority of responses, described parent and caregiver fears that these laws would lead to worsening mental health and suicide for their TGDY. Additional themes included fear their TGDY would face increased discrimination, lose access to gender-affirming medical interventions, and lose autonomy over medical decision-making due to government overreach. CONCLUSIONS: In this convenience sample, parents and caregivers overwhelmingly expressed fear that the proposed legislation will lead to worsening mental health and increased suicidal ideation for their TGDY. They implored lawmakers to hear their stories, and to leave critical decisions about gender-affirming medical interventions to families and their medical providers.
BASE
In: Journal of family violence, Band 32, Heft 5, S. 481-491
ISSN: 1573-2851
In: Journal of family violence
ISSN: 1573-2851
In: Journal of family violence, Band 34, Heft 7, S. 631-643
ISSN: 1573-2851
In: American journal of health promotion, Band 37, Heft 5, S. 685-697
ISSN: 2168-6602
Objective To conduct a scoping review of published literature examining the influence of health storylines from fictional television programs on viewers. Data Source We performed literature searches in Medline, PsycINFO, and Mass Media Complete in October 2021, and examined bibliographies of included articles and conducted forward searching using Web of Science with included articles. Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria Selected studies were required to be original research published in English, involve exposure to fictional television programming by individuals not in the medical field, and assess associations between exposure and health-related outcomes. Data Extraction Article screening and data abstraction were performed by two independent researchers using DistillerSR (Cohen's κ range: .73-1.00). Data Synthesis We analyzed and qualitatively described the data using methods of scoping reviews described by PRISMA-ScR. Results Of 5,537 unique records identified, 165 met inclusion criteria. The most frequently studied program was ER (n = 22, 13.3%). Most studies had adult participants (n = 116, 70.3%) and used quantitative methods (n = 136, 82.4%). The most frequently examined health topics were sexual behavior (n = 28, 17.0%) and mental health (n = 28, 17.0%). Exposure had a positive influence on viewers' health-related outcomes in 28.5% (n = 47) of studies. Conclusion Health storylines on fictional television influence viewers. Future research could address gaps identified in this review to further elucidate the influence of this programming on health promotion and disease prevention.
In: American anthropologist: AA, Band 124, Heft 3, S. 580-596
ISSN: 1548-1433
In: Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities: an official journal of the Cobb-NMA Health Institute, Band 7, Heft 5, S. 1003-1012
ISSN: 2196-8837
In: Journal of family violence, Band 37, Heft 6, S. 893-906
ISSN: 1573-2851
The first study of nineteenth-century replication across art, literature, science, social science and humanities This landmark study explores replication as a nineteenth-century phenomenon. Replication, defined by Victorian artists as subsequent versions of a first version, similar but changed, occurred in art, literature, the press, merchandising, and historical reproductions in architecture and museums. Replication also shaped scientific concepts in biology and geology and scientific practices in laboratories that repeated experiments as part of the scientific method. Fourteen case studies map a range of nineteenth-century replication practices and associations across art, literature, science, media and material culture. While replication stirred imaginations as well as anxieties over the industrialisation that produced a modern mass culture, Replication in the Long Nineteenth Century suggests, nonetheless, that this phenomenon is a forerunner of our contemporary digital culture.Key FeaturesThe first historical study of nineteenth-century replicationIncludes multidisciplinary case studies that rest on archival research as well as theory and analysisEstablishes a model for studying period concepts across disciplines and practicesEnhances understanding of the immense impact of digitization by illuminating its pre-history
In: PNAS nexus, Band 3, Heft 1
ISSN: 2752-6542
Abstract
A number of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) encoded in stress-tolerant organisms, such as tardigrade, can confer fitness advantage and abiotic stress tolerance when heterologously expressed. Tardigrade-specific disordered proteins including the cytosolic-abundant heat-soluble proteins are proposed to confer stress tolerance through vitrification or gelation, whereas evolutionarily conserved IDPs in tardigrades may contribute to stress tolerance through other biophysical mechanisms. In this study, we characterized the mechanism of action of an evolutionarily conserved, tardigrade IDP, HeLEA1, which belongs to the group-3 late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) protein family. HeLEA1 homologs are found across different kingdoms of life. HeLEA1 is intrinsically disordered in solution but shows a propensity for helical structure across its entire sequence. HeLEA1 interacts with negatively charged membranes via dynamic disorder-to-helical transition, mainly driven by electrostatic interactions. Membrane interaction of HeLEA1 is shown to ameliorate excess surface tension and lipid packing defects. HeLEA1 localizes to the mitochondrial matrix when expressed in yeast and interacts with model membranes mimicking inner mitochondrial membrane. Yeast expressing HeLEA1 shows enhanced tolerance to hyperosmotic stress under nonfermentative growth and increased mitochondrial membrane potential. Evolutionary analysis suggests that although HeLEA1 homologs have diverged their sequences to localize to different subcellular organelles, all homologs maintain a weak hydrophobic moment that is characteristic of weak and reversible membrane interaction. We suggest that such dynamic and weak protein–membrane interaction buffering alterations in lipid packing could be a conserved strategy for regulating membrane properties and represent a general biophysical solution for stress tolerance across the domains of life.