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OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and compare the educational impact of the University of Geneva Faculty of Medicine (UGFM) emergency medicine clerkship training with that provided by the Swiss Army medical officer cadets school (ARMY). The assessment was designed to assess students' clinical knowledge and competency in major emergency situations, ACLS (Advanced Cardiac Life Support) and ATLS (Advanced Traumatic Life Support). METHODS: Prospectively, 56 UGFM students were compared with 52 ARMY officer cadets by a multiformat pre- and post-training examination. The exam consisted of a multiple-choice questionnaire (MCQ), a standardised vignette-based oral exam (SOE) and a standardised practical cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) exercise. RESULTS: Overall, on the pre- and post-training testing, total scores improved significantly for the UGFM by 10% (from 63 to 73%) and for the ARMY by 9% (from 60 to 69%). Knowledge assessed on the MCQ improved for the UGFM by 8% (64 to 72%) but not significantly for the ARMY. Performance on the SOE improved by 10% for UGFM (54 to 64%) and the ARMY (47 to 57%) as well as performance on the CPR, which improved by 15% for UGFM (72 to 87%) and 19% for the ARMY (67 to 86%). Post-training performance indicated that, respectively, UGFM scored significantly higher than the ARMY on the MCQ (72 and 68%) and the SOE (64 and 57%) but not on the CPR. Internal reliability indexes for the MCQ, SOE and CPR were respectively 0.72, 0.86 and 0.92. Correlations between the MCQ, SOE and CPR varied between 0.07 to 0.19. CONCLUSIONS: In general, the multimethod assessment seemed to provide a complementary approach to evaluation of the trainees' competency in emergency training. Except for the ARMY MCQ performance, both training programmes seemed to be effective in improving trainees' overall knowledge and clinical performance. The trainees' performances are reviewed and discussed in terms of the specific skills assessed on the SOE, the context of the trainees' expected level of performance, the teaching and ...

Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer among Malaysian women. The implementation of prevention measures including screening has the potential to reduce the burden of breast cancer which caused by late presentation. Aims: This paper aimed to review the public health policy relating to breast cancer screening in Malaysia that was undertaken in order to contribute to policy development regarding cancer prevention, detection and the improvement of services for Malaysian women. Methods: The policy review strategy included a specific search of the website of the Ministry of Health in Malaysia for relevant policies. In addition, we searched Google and Pubmed for breast cancer screening programmes, policies, and guidelines for women in Malaysia. In addition, experts and stakeholders provided additional resources, published in Malay language. Relevant guidelines in the Malay language were translated into English and included the document review. Results: The policy analysis indicated that although it is known that screening, early detection and diagnosis improve survival rates, delayed diagnosis remains a significant issue. The Ministry of Health policy stipulates the provision of opportunistic mammography screening. However, the uptake is varied, and implementation is challenging due to a lack of awareness about screening and difficulties related to accessing services, especially in rural areas. The establishment and implementation of referral guidelines is essential to receive timely treatment for breast cancer patients. There is a need to enhance the cancer reporting by the doctors to the national cancer registry, in collaboration with government services and the private cancer-care sector to improve the monitoring and evaluation of cancer control policies and programmes. Conclusion: A focus on raising awareness, increasing the accessibility of screening facilities and improving referral processes and the overall connectivity of the cancer care system are key steps to down-staging breast cancer in ...

Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer among Malaysian women. The implementation of prevention measures including screening has the potential to reduce late presentation and the burden of breast cancer. Aims: This paper aimed to review public health policy relating to breast cancer screening in Malaysia in order to contribute to policy development regarding cancer prevention, detection and the improvement of services for Malaysian women. Methods: A systematic review strategy included a specific search of the website of the Ministry of Health in Malaysia for relevant policies. In addition, we searched Google and PubMed for breast cancer screening programmes, policies, and guidelines for women in Malaysia; and experts and stakeholders provided additional resources, published in Malay language. Relevant guidelines in the Malay language were translated into English and included the document review. Results: The policy analysis indicated that although it is known that screening, early detection and diagnosis improve survival rates, delayed diagnosis remains a significant issue. The Ministry of Health policy stipulates the provision of opportunistic mammography screening. However, the uptake is varied, and implementation is challenging due to a lack of awareness about screening and difficulties related to accessing services, especially in rural areas. The establishment and implementation of referral guidelines is essential to receive timely treatment for breast cancer patients. There is a need to enhance the cancer reporting by the doctors to the national cancer registry, in collaboration with government services and the private cancer-care sector to improve the monitoring and evaluation of cancer control policies and programmes. Conclusion: A focus on raising awareness, increasing the accessibility of screening facilities and improving referral processes and the overall connectivity of the cancer care system are key steps to down-staging breast cancer in Malaysia.

As food prices spiked on agricultural markets and political instability spread throughout the world in 2007-2008, food and nutrition security (FNS) has arisen again on the development agenda. It was through the issue of price volatility that food politics became a global issue and some countries and stakeholders pushed for the formalisation of a global governance of FNS. In this context, the Committee on World Food Security (CFS), set up in 1974 under FAO to review and monitor food security policies, was reformed in 2009. Its revitalization led to new institutional arrangements with the inclusion of a wide range of stakeholders and the creation of a mechanism producing scientific and professional expertise on controversial issues in order to inform policy makers, the High Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition (HLPE). This issue brief builds on the discussions held during an international workshop on global governance of FNS (July 2014), convened by IDDRI, CIHEAM-MAIM (Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Montpellier) and CIRAD (Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement), gathering 30 experts. It aims at making explicit what can be learnt from the CFS reform and contributing to the reflection on global FNS governance. One of its objectives is to provide supporting views on the CFS monitoring process. It will also address the specific issue of accountability within and outside the CFS framework, as one of the most critical issue for enhanced FNS governance.

Internal public relations are used to control the relationship between the organization and its employees. The paper explored whether and how internal public relations stimulate employees' life satisfaction and job performance. The conceptual framework was built to link internal social media, perceived organizational transparency (POT), organizational identification, employee engagement, life satisfaction, and job performance. Using the hierarchical component model with employee engagement measured by job engagement and organizational engagement is a nascent point from this study. A mass survey was distributed to employees working in the aviation industry in southern Vietnam. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to analyze primary data from 193 valid respondents. It reveals that POT, internal social media, and organizational identification significantly positively impact employee engagement. It shows that employee engagement has significantly positive impacts on life satisfaction and job performance. It indicates that both organizational identification and POT are partial mediators intervening in the strong relationship between employee engagement and internal social media. It also indicates that life satisfaction is a partial mediator intervening the positive linkage between employee engagement and job performance. Practical implications and theoretical contributions were suggested for using internal public relations to enhance employees' life satisfaction, and job performance.
AcknowledgmentThis study is funded by Vietnam National University of Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCMC) under grant number B2020-28-02.

Abstrak: Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) merupakan wujud nyata dari tugas dosen dan mahasiswa dalam melaksanakan Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi yakni aspek pengabdian. Melalui kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat desa Cidahu, maka terjadi sinergi antara perguruan tinggi dengan masyarakat sebagai wujud knowledge demokrasi. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah memberikan pemahaman kepada masyarakat setempat tentang pentingnya pendidikan guna membantu pemerintah dalam mencerdaskan anak bangsa. Pengabdian dilakukan melalui kegiatan: workshop pendidikan, seminar pendidikan, pengadaan sudut baca, teras impian, dan KKN mengajar. Hasil pengabdian memberikan gambaran naiknya semangat dan meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat terutama guru dan orang tua tentang instrumen akreditasi PAUD, psikologi pendidikan, pentingnya membaca bagi anak, bimbingan belajar dan pembuatan media pembelajaran bagi guru sebagai bahan dalam mengajar di kelas yang berbasis tauhid. Abstract: Field Work Lecture (KKN) is a tangible manifestation of lecturers and students' duties in implementing the Tri Dharma of Higher Education, namely the aspect of dedication. Through community service activities in Cidahu village, there will be synergy between universities and the community as a form of democratic knowledge. This service aims to provide an understanding to the local community about the importance of education to help the government educate the nation's children. The service is carried out through educational workshops, educational seminars, provision of reading corners, dream terraces, and teaching KKN. The results of this dedication provide an overview of increasing enthusiasm and increasing understanding of the community, especially teachers and parents, about PAUD accreditation instruments, educational psychology, the importance of reading for children, learning guidance, and making learning media for teachers as materials in teaching in classes based on tauhid.

This paper documents the compilation of a 2017 Social Accounting Matrix for Myanmar. This is based on partial and unpublished National Accounts data and unpublished Supply and Use Table data, as well as Balance of Payment data and Government Finance Statistics data. It provides a detailed representation of the Myanmar economy and identifies 43 activities and 43 commodities. Labour is disaggregated by educational attainment level or by occupation group using a Labour Force Survey, while household income and expenditure detail is extracted from the Myanmar Living Conditions Survey. The Social Accounting Matrix features government, investment, and foreign accounts and is a key database for conducting economy-wide impact assessments to strengthen the evidence underpinning policy interventions.

Les agricultures des six pays étudiés de la région Nena (Egypte, Liban, Maroc, Mauritanie, Soudan et Tunisie) sont majoritairement le fait de petits agriculteurs familiaux. La plupart d'entre eux sont dans un processus de précarisation lié au morcellement de leur patrimoine foncier héritage des transmissions intergénérationnelles. Aider au développement de cette petite agriculture familiale ne peut plus aujourd'hui se baser sur la seule intensification agricole (car la faiblesse de la taille des exploitations ne permet pas de dégager suffisamment d'excédents commercialisables), ni sur une approche strictement agricole (car ces petites exploitations familiales ont déjà diversifié leurs sources de revenus hors de l'agriculture), pas plus que sur une dimension strictement productive (les transferts sociaux, notamment pour les retraites des aînés agriculteurs, ou pour les ménages les plus pauvres se justifient en termes d'équité et de solidarité intergénérationnelle).

Pennywort juice is a herbal drink extracted from pennywort leaves and stems. Pennywort residue is a by-product of pennywort juice production. In the present work, this by-product was proved to be a good dietary fibre ingredient in the making of high fibre pasta. Nevertheless, the addition of 10% pennywort residue reduced cooking properties, textural profiles, and overall acceptability of the pasta samples. The effects of transglutaminase treatment of pasta dough on the product quality were then investigated. Increase in transglutaminase dosage from 0.00 to 0.75 U/g protein of the flour blend decreased the cooking loss of pasta by 19% while improving its tensile strength and elongation rate by 15 and 49%, respectively. Further increase in enzyme dosage from 0.75 to 1.00 U/g protein, on the other hand, decreased the tensile strength and elongation rate. When the enzyme treatment lasted for 30 min, the cooking loss was reduced by 10%, while the tensile strength and elongation rate of high fibre pasta were both enhanced by 10%. However, increase in treatment time from 30 to 40 min did not cause any significant differences in textural and cooking properties of the fibre-rich pasta. The appropriate transglutaminase dosage and biocatalytic time were 0.75 U/g protein and 30 min, respectively, under which the overall acceptability of the sample incorporated with 10% pennywort residue powder was similar to that of the semolina pasta.