Suchergebnisse

Analyse der Juristenausbildung in Nigeria mit folgenden Aspekten: Entstehungsgeschichte; Rahmenbedingungen und Ziele der Ausbildung; Aufnahmebedingungen und Lehrinhalte; Lehrmethoden und Prüfungsbedingungen; Ausbildungsdauer und materielle Ausstattung der Universitäten und der 1962 gegründeten Nigerian Law School. Die Nachfrage nach gut ausgebildeten Juristen ist groß, doch müßte das System vor allem von der materiellen Seite erheblich ausgebaut werden. (DÜI-Wsl)

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Part I: Resource Recovery and Recycling from Waste Metal Dust -- Chapter 1: Resource Recovery and Recycling from Waste Metal Dust (I): Waste Iron Dust and Waste Aluminum Dust -- 1.1 Waste Metal Dusts -- 1.2 Types of Waste Metal Dusts -- 1.2.1 Waste Iron Dust -- 1.2.1.1 Generation -- 1.2.1.2 Description of WID -- Particle Size Distribution of WID -- Chemical Composition of Typical WID -- Mineralogy of WID -- Morphology of WID -- 1.2.1.3 Stabilization/Solidification for Recirculation or Disposal of WID -- 1.2.1.4 Resource Recovery and Recycling from WID -- The Recovery of Metals from WID -- Conversion of WSD into Value-Added Product -- 1.2.2 Waste Aluminum Dust -- 1.2.2.1 Generation -- 1.2.2.2 Description of WAD -- Particle Size Distribution of WAD -- Chemical Composition of Typical WAD -- Mineralogy of WAD -- Morphology of WAD -- 1.2.2.3 Recirculation of WAD -- 1.2.2.4 Resource Recovery and Recycling from WAD -- 1.3 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 2: Resource Recovery and Recycling from Waste Metal Dust (II): Waste Copper Dust -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Waste Copper Dust -- 2.2.1 Generation -- 2.2.2 Description of WCD -- 2.2.2.1 Particle Size Distribution of WCD -- 2.2.2.2 Chemical Composition of Typical WSD -- 2.2.2.3 Mineralogy of WCD -- 2.2.2.4 Morphology of WCD -- 2.2.3 Recirculation of WCD -- 2.2.4 Resource Recovery and Recycling from WCD -- 2.2.4.1 The Recovery of Metals from WCD -- The Use of Hydrometallurgical Techniques -- The Use of Bio-Hydrometallurgy Techniques -- The Use of Pyrometallurgical-Hydrometallurgical Techniques -- The Use of Physical Separation Techniques -- Stabilization/Solidification -- Conversion of WCD into Value-Added Product -- 2.3 Conclusions -- References -- Part II: Pre-treatment of Waste Copper Dust.

The Blue Economy is crucial for sustainable development in Africa, and the Gulf of Guinea, one of Sub-Saharan Africa's most economically dynamic countries, faces several challenges in transitioning into this economy. This study assesses the situation of the Blue Economy in the Gulf of Guinea and proposes strategies for its operationalization. A qualitative research approach was used to examine each member state's marine conservation initiatives, regional collaboration, management approaches, and strategic frameworks. Findings show that the Gulf of Guinea is already experiencing blue economy activities, but challenges like rapid population growth, urbanization, piracy, unsustainable anthropogenic activities, poor institutional frameworks, and climate change hinder the transition. The Gulf of Guinea's ocean economy accounts for less than 10% of GDP, so integrating the blue economy into trade strategies is crucial for its transformation. A systematic approach based on national priorities, social context, and resource base is needed to foster social inclusion, economic progress, and sustainable ocean development. Enablers of blue growth, such as integrated coastal zone management, marine spatial planning, marine protected areas, marine biodiversity, and blue justice discourse, must be integrated into policy design, prioritizing sustainability and equity. A cautious, phased approach is suggested, focusing on establishing traditional sectors, growing them, integrating value chains, and implementing regional collaboration so that the blue economy delivers on its social, environmental and economic goals in the Gulf of Guinea.

The study evaluated supply chain management practices of SMMEs in selected locations in Nigeria. It also assessed the performance of SMMEs and determined the level of government assistance to SMMEs in Nigeria. A descriptive survey design was adopted for this study. A sample size of 295 respondents was selected using a simple random sampling technique out of a total population of 2,600 at the time of this study. A questionnaire was used to gather data for this research. The data collected was analyzed using frequencies and percentages, mean, standard deviation, and Pearson's correlation. Results from the study showed that SMMEs had fairly good supplier integration (50.05%) and information sharing (55.3%) supply chain practices. Results further revealed that operational performance (59.30%) was high and quite satisfactory, while financial performance (51.50%) was a little over average. In addition, the government's contribution and assistance to SMMEs were low. While suppliers' integration (r = 0.051, p 0.05), information sharing (r = 0.052, p 0.05) and postponement (r = 0.98, p 0.05) had no significant effect on performance, the extent of outsourcing (r = 0.121, p 0.05) did. Results finally showed that government assistance (r = 0.61, p 0.05) has a positive and significant effect on supply chain management practices. The study concluded that suppliers' integration and information sharing capabilities were fairly good among the entrepreneurs, the operational performance level among the entrepreneurs was high and satisfactory, and the government's contribution to the growth of SMMEs was found to be significant, but generally low.

The focus on urban planning continues to flood the global literature. However, there is continued silence and neglect with regard to rural planning. The study examined the state of rural planning in Oyo State, Nigeria. Primary data was sourced using structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Questionnaires were administered to two hundred and fifty (250) rural households in six (6) rural local government areas (LGAs) of Oyo State. It was revealed that rural areas remain neglected and behind in planning activities. A majority of respondents believe that no planning takes place in the rural communities in which they reside. The study concludes that improved communication on planning issues between the tiers of the bureau of physical planning and urban development offices remains the route to effective planning. Improved capacity building (expertise) and training are suggested for rural planners. It is also suggested that understanding the local culture is important in contributing towards effective and responsive rural planning.

The focus on urban planning continues to flood the global literature. However, there is continued silence and neglect with regard to rural planning. The study examined the state of rural planning in Oyo State, Nigeria. Primary data was sourced using structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Questionnaires were administered to two hundred and fifty (250) rural households in six (6) rural local government areas (LGAs) of Oyo State. It was revealed that rural areas remain neglected and behind in planning activities. A majority of respondents believe that no planning takes place in the rural communities in which they reside. The study concludes that improved communication on planning issues between the tiers of the bureau of physical planning and urban development offices remains the route to effective planning. Improved capacity building (expertise) and training are suggested for rural planners. It is also suggested that understanding the local culture is important in contributing towards effective and responsive rural planning.

Borderland communities hold a strategic position in many countries. However, in spite of this, many of these communities, specifically in Nigeria, are still characterized by neglect and underdevelopment. Based on the above fact, this study explores the service deprivation and coping strategies of rural borderland communities in South-Western Nigeria. The study revealed that the majority of inhabitants of rural borderland (64.0%) get their water supply straight from streams and are bound to cover distances of 500 meters or longer to collect water. Similarly, the majority of them defecate in bush reserves around their houses. Also, the study showed that people can travel across the national border to neighboring countries on a regular basis to access basic services, like healthcare facilities. Likewise, medical personnel or attendants from neighboring countries or towns are called during critical or serious illness to render services which the Nigerian Government does not provide. The development of Nigeria's frontier areas is therefore of paramount importance and really pending, and must be made priority in urgent and major developmental actions taken in the country. ; Społeczności przygraniczne odgrywają strategiczną rolę w wielu krajach. Jednakże, pomimo tego faktu, wciąż aktualną, charakterystyczną cechą wielu z takich społeczności, szczególnie w Nigerii, jest zaniedbanie i niedorozwój. W oparciu o powyższy fakt zbadano poziom niedoboru usług i strategie radzenia sobie z nim przez społeczności przygraniczne w południowo-zachodniej Nigerii. Badanie wykazało, że większość mieszkańców obszarów wiejskich pogranicza (64,0%) zaopatruje się w wodę prosto ze strumieni i jest zmuszona do pokonania odległości 500 metrów lub więcej w celu zebrania wody. Podobnie większość z nich nie korzysta z toalet, lecz krzewów wokół swoich domów. Badanie pokazało również, że ludzie mogą regularnie przekraczać granice sąsiednich krajów, aby uzyskać dostęp do podstawowych usług, takich jak placówki opieki zdrowotnej. Jednocześnie, personel medyczny lub stażyści z sąsiednich krajów lub miast są wzywani w sytuacjach krytycznych lub poważnej chorobie, aby świadczyć usługi, których nie zapewnia rząd Nigerii. Rozwój obszarów przygranicznych Nigerii ma zatem ogromne znaczenie i musi stać się priorytetem w działaniach rozwojowych podjętych w tym kraju.

An optimization of the biodiesel production from a waste frying oil via a heterogeneous transesterification was studied. This present study is also aimed at investigating the catalytic ehaviour of the alumina supported eggshell (ASE) for the synthesis of biodiesel. A synthesized ASE catalyst, at various mixing ratios of alumina to eggshell, was investigated and exhibited a better activity for the reaction when the eggshell and alumina were mixed via incipient wetness impregnation in 2 : 1 proportion on a mass basis and calcined at 900 °C for 4 h. The as-synthesized catalyst was characterized by basicity, BET, SEM, EDX, and FTIR. The 2k factorial experimental design was employed for an optimization of process variables, which include catalyst loading, reaction time, methanol/oil molar ratio and reaction temperature and their effects on the biodiesel yield were studied. The optimization results showed that the reaction time has the highest percentage contribution of 40.139% while the catalyst loading contributes the least to the biodiesel production, as low as 1.233 %. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.9492) and the interaction between the reaction time and reaction temperature contributes significantly to the biodiesel production process with percentage contribution of 14.001 %, compared to other interaction terms. The biodiesel yield of 77.56% was obtained under the optimized factor combination of 4.0 wt.% catalyst loading, 120 min reaction time, 12 : 1 methanol/oil molar ratio and reaction temperature of 65 °C. The reusability study showed that the ASE catalyst could be reused for up to four cycles and the biodiesel produced under optimum conditions conformed to the ASTM standard.

This study investigated the influence of workload and areas of specialization on job stress among university lecturers in Southwestern Nigeria. A survey research design was used in the study. The population of this study comprised all university lecturers in Southwestern Nigeria. The sample consisted of 1358 lecturers selected through stratified random sampling technique. An instrument titled "Questionnaire on Stress Assessment" was used to collect data. The validity of the instrument was ascertained while test-retest reliability method was used to determine the reliability and a reliability coefficient of 0.92 was obtained. Data collected was analysed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Scheffe Multiple Comparison test. The results showed that lecturers' workload and areas of specialization have significant influence on lecturer stress level (F = 5.178, p < 0.05, and F = 10.503, p < 0.05 respectively). It was concluded that lecturers' workload and areas of specialization have significant influence on stress experienced by university lecturers. It was therefore recommended that the university administrator and government or private owners should look into lecturers' workload and consider the excess so that necessary steps could be taken on how to normalize it. There should be an improvement in the working conditions of university lecturers.

Insects are appealing assemblage of organisms classified under the phylum Arthropoda and considered the most diversified in nature. A sum of 2-3 million are estimated on earth constituting as much as 80 - more than 90 of all species in the animal kingdom. Varied nutritional aspects range from high quality protein natural fat vitamins fibre contents and diverse minerals. That they are of great taste confirmed delicacy and reduce to minimal the climatic change impacts from increasing world growing population and increased agro-ecosystem output are positive reports. Inclusion criteria of potentially suitable edible insect species is a function of defined benefits stereotyped conditions of breeding detailed intensive care of insect nutritional structure and profile and risk assessments to combat threat in hygienic and toxicology aspects. These aforesaid factors would pull edible insects into been fully implemented as food into the world legislation brochures. Entomophagy human insectivory is actualized from mass producing edible insects either as mini-livestock treatments or mechanized breeding facilities and not the stressful harvesting from the wild. Cultural social psychological and western bias are key note barriers to be fully redressed to realize the high prevalence in entomophagy and production of insect-based food products. Notwithstanding a few insect-based products including fresh pasta from mealworm flour jungle bars protein bars cricket flours snack packs from various edible insects insect candies and biscuits amongst others are available in European markets but records of these insect-based food products in Africa and Nigeria are lacking only feed production from larva and adult insects are available in South Africa. Instead roasting frying cooking toasting among other processing strategies and hawking whole processed insects within different regions in Africa and Nigeria are the order of the day. Since edible insects have varied advantage over livestock production and are promising as food prospects it ...