Suchergebnisse

THE AUTHORS DEMONSTRATE HOW MASS RESPONSES TO THE TRANSFORMATION OF POST-COMMUNIST SOCIETIES IN EASTERN EUROPE CAN BE ANALYZED BY BASING A QUESTIONNAIRE ON A TRANSITION MODEL. THIS IS DONE IN THE NEW DEMOCRACIES BAROMETER (NDB), A MULTINATIONAL SURVEY CONDUCTED ANNUALLY BY THE PAUL LAZARSFELD SOCIETY OF VIENNA. SINCE THE NDB SURVEY IS COMPARATIVE, QUESTIONS MUST BE CONCEPTUALLY BASED AND CANNOT BE ABOUT MERELY LOCAL CONCERNS. MOREOVER, BECAUSE THE NDB IS CONCERNED WITH MONITORING TRENDS, QUESTIONS CANNOT SIMPLY BE ABOUT EPHEMERAL CURRENT EVENTS. THE AUTHORS PRESENT THE RESULTS OF TWO SURVEYS CONDUCTED IN 1991 AND 1992.

Two public policy approaches often employed separately -- changes in program expenditure, & organizational change -- are considered jointly. Alternative propositions about their relationship are reviewed: organizations constricting program innovation, or promoting efficiency or inefficiency; program changes causing fission or fusion in organizations; increasing program expenditure by replicating service delivery units rather than reorganization; & the place of symbolic & ad hoc political priorities. In light of this dual approach, changes since 1945 in two major policy areas of GB government are examined: health & social security, & trade & industry. The empirical evidence emphasizes the dominance of political priorities, symbolic as well as programmatic: the capacity of organizations to grow at the base, by replicating service delivery units while formally remaining unchanged at the top, & the ability of organizations to grow at the top, by formal reorganization, while program budgets & service delivery units are unaffected by symbolic reshuffling. 2 Tables, 48 References. Modified HA

Initially, both responded similarly, spending more money on existing programmes. A dissatisfaction persisted, responses differed: British governments sought to achieve satisfaction by a trial-and-error search, introducing (and repealing) programmes. Germany tried virtually no new measures. Considers why the 2 should respond differently. (Abstract amended)

Joins 2 public policy approaches often employed separately: the analysis of changes in programme expenditure, and of organisational change. Reviews a series of alternative propositions about their relationship. Examines changes since 1945 in 2 major policy areas of British government, health and social security, and trade and industry. (Abstract amended)