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Many parts of the world suffer from urban air pollution and, despite the vast amount of knowledge about its causes, most countries are slow to implement counter-measures. An outstanding exception is Tokyo which, once blanketed in a mantle of smog, now enjoys ``clean'' air in spite of highly concentrated activity and congested traffic. Based on the successful Japanese experience, this book describes all aspects of the measures necessary to combat air pollution. It begins with a well-documented history of the fight against air pollution and describes the processes and mechanisms of reaching a social consensus on pollution control. The essential steps in the process are the establishment of ambient air quality standards, the introduction of the total allowable mass of emission, and the legal control of each emission based on diffusion equations. The scientific background to this approach is fully explained, from epidemiology to computer simulations of air quality. An up-to-date account of emission control technology is also given, and the controversial issue of health damage compensation is examined, based on actual experience. An important feature of the book is that it is written by authors who were actually in the forefront of the battle against air pollution in Japan. Two of them worked successively as Director General of the Bureau of Air Quality of the central government, and a third helped local governments to force the central government to implement the most stringent auto-emission controls in the world. The book is intended not only for scientists, engineers and administrative planners dealing with pollution control, but also for anyone concerned about the serious global problem of urban air pollution

What are the goals of agricultural science? What should the goals of agricultural science be? How do and how should the practitioners of agriculture address complex ethical questions? These questions are explored in this monumental book so that those in agriculture will begin an open dialoge on the ethics of agriculture. Discussion of foundational values, of why we practice agriculture as we do, should become a central, rather than peripheral, part of agricultural practice and education. If agricultural scientists do not venture forth to understand and shape the ethical base of the future, it will be imposed by others. Largely autobiographical, this book covers topics such as scientific truth and myth, what agricultural research should be done, an introduction to ethics, moral confidence in agriculture, the relevance of ethics to agriculture, sustainability, and biotechnology

In the last twenty years considerable progress has been made in process safety, particularly in regard to regulatory compliance. Many companies are now looking to go beyond mere compliance; they are expanding their process safety management (PSM) programs to improve performance not just in safety, but also in environmental compliance, quaility control and overall profitability. Techniques and principles are illustrated with numerous examples from chemical plants, refineries, transportation, pipelines and offshore oil and gas. This book helps executives, managers and technical professionals achieve not only their current PSM goals, but also to make the transition to a broader operational integrity strategy. The book focuses on the energy and process industries- from refineries, to pipelines, chemical plants, transportation, alternative energy and offshore facilities. The techniques described in the book can also be applied to a wide range of non-process industries. The book is both thorough and practical. It discusses theoretical principles in a wide variety of areas such as management of change, risk analysis and incident investigation, and then goes on to show how these principles work in practice, either in the design office or in an opperating facility. Learn how to develop process safety, operational integrity and operational excellence programs Go beyond traditional hazards analysis and risk management programs to explore a company's entire range of procedures, processes and management issues Understand how to develop a culture of process safety and operational excellence that goes beyond simple rule complience

Belbin's renowned Team Role theory is a familiar concept for managers and management trainers across the world. Following on from the best-selling Management Teams: Why they succeed or fail, this second edition of Team Roles at Work provides useful insights into how to apply the theory in everyday work situations. This book explores the impact of Team Roles from interpersonal chemistry and managing difficult relationships, to cultivating effective leaders and shaping organizations. Now fully updated, this second edition has new practical examples and summaries bringing this book up to date 17 years after its original publication. Drawing from Belbin's own practical experience it answers the queries that have arisen during those years. Further information accompanies the book on the Belbin website, www.belbin.com/books/books.htm including a free, downloadable, full-page summary of Team Roles with their icons, descriptions, strengths and allowable weaknesses. Team Roles at Work is the best-selling, second book written by Meredith Belbin, designed for any manager who wants to understand the practical application of Team Role theory. R. Meredith Belbin was formerly Chairman of the Industrial Training Research Unit. A founder Member of Belbin Associates, he is also Visiting Professor and Honorary Fellow of Henley Management College. RELATED TITLES Belbin, Management Teams: Why they succeed or fail, 3e, ISBN: 978-1-85617-8075 * Complete descriptions of the Belbin Team Roles provide an understanding of how to analyse teams and then maximise output by using each team member's strengths * Numerous real world case studies show how to apply the theory to real situations * A highly practical book and online toolkit at www.Belbin.com demonstrates how to apply the Belbin team role method

Combining the best of author Ron Scott's books, Promoting Legal Awareness in Physical and Occupational Therapy and Professional Ethics: A Guide for Rehabilitation Professionals, his newest text Promoting Legal and Ethical Awareness: A Primer for Health Professionals and Patients includes the latest case, regulatory, and statutory law. This valuable ethical and legal resource also includes an alphabetized section on HIPAA, current information on the reauthorized IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Act), and expanded coverage of alternative dispute resolution and attorney-health professional-client relations. Cases and Questions allow you to apply key legal and ethical principles to a rehabilitation practice situation. Special Key Term boxes introduce and define important vocabulary to ensure your understanding of chapter content. Additional resource lists in each chapter include helpful sources for articles, books, and websites to further your learning. Case Examples let you put new ideas and concepts into practice by applying your knowledge to the example. Legal Foundations and Ethical Foundations chapters introduce the basic concepts of law, legal history, the court system, and ethics in the professional setting to provide a solid base for legal and ethical knowledge. An entire chapter devoted to healthcare malpractice provides vital information on practice problems that have legal implications, the claim process, and claim prevention. An extended discussion of the Americans with Disabilities Act informs you of your rights as an employee as well as the challenges faced in the workforce by your rehabilitation patients. Content on employment legal issues includes essential information for both employees and employers on patient interaction and the patient's status in the workplace. Coverage of end-of-life issues and their legal and ethical implications provides important information for helping patients through end-of-life decisions and care

Neuroeconomics is a new highly promising approach to understanding the neurobiology of decision making and how it affects cognitive social interactions between humans and societies/economies. This book is the first edited reference to examine the science behind neuroeconomics, including how it influences human behavior and societal decision making from a behavioral economics point of view. Presenting a truly interdisciplinary approach, Neuroeconomics presents research from neuroscience, psychology, and behavioral economics, and includes chapters by all the major figures in the field, including two Economics nobel laureates. Carefully edited for a cohesive presentation of the material, the book is also a great textbook to be used in the many newly emerging graduate courses on Neuroeconomics in Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics graduate schools. This groundbreaking work is sure to become the standard reference source for this growing area of research. * Editors and contributing authors represent the acknowledged experts and founders of the field of Neuroeconomics and include Nobel laureates Vernon Smith and Daniel Kahneman, making this the authoritative reference for the field. Presents an interdisciplinary view of the approaches, concepts, and results of the emerging field of neuroeconomics relevant for anyone interested in this area or research. Full color presentation throughout with carefully selected illustrations to highlight key concepts

While there is no such thing as a perfect match in the field of forensic comparative science, Forensic Comparative Science: Qualitative Quantitative Source Determination of Unique Impressions, Images, and Objects provides the experience, understanding, and judgment, necessary for concluding whether two unique images share common origin from a unique and persistent source. Knowing there will be ranges of different levels of details throughout images, the expert must be able to comprehend when a sufficient quality and quantity of details is reached to render a judgment. By utilizing a process of analyzing the first image, analyzing the second image, comparing them to each other, and evaluating the significance of the analyses and comparisons based on expertise, the comparative scientist will be able to recognize the belief and believe the recognition that occurs during comparative examinations. Forensic Comparative Science presents a philosophical and theoretical approach to explaining the cognitive process of comparative measurements and source determination. Science is about understanding and generalizing nature. This book is about generalizing comparative science. Brings the comparative sciences under one philosophy of understanding in regards to terminology, examination method and standards for conclusions Provides standards for conclusions including sufficiency vs. insufficiency for comparisons, individualization, agreement vs. disagreement, and levels of detail required Not only helps gaining scientific and technical knowledge but also helps to understand and appreciate the importance of the comparative sciences to the criminal justice system A 'must read' for any forensic science student with an interest in comparative sciences, all trainees in forensic laboratories, and active examiners throughout the world wanting a compilation of many disciplines under one generalized philosophy of examination

Front cover -- Law and Ethics for the Eye Care Professional -- Copyright page -- Table of contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 1. Introduction to ethics -- WHAT IS THE MEANING OF ETHICS? -- THE HISTORY OF ETHICS IN HEALTH CARE -- MORALITY -- THE LAW -- UNIVERSAL PRINCIPLES OF CHARACTER -- SUMMARY -- Chapter 2. Professions -- THE HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONS -- THE MEANING OF A PROFESSION TODAY -- MOTIVES AND THE CHOICE OF PROFESSION -- A MEASURE OF SUCCESS -- THE FUTURE OF PROFESSIONS -- SUMMARY -- Chapter 3. The optometric code of ethics and basic ethical concepts

Kidnapping: An Investigator's Guide to Profiling is based on a three-part analysis of 100 randomly selected kidnapping cases prosecuted in the United States that have survived Supreme Court appeal. The results of the analysis are incorporated into each chapter as part of the exploration of the inductive profile of each kidnapping subtype, thereby offering a statistically based tool that can inform investigative strategies and the allocation of limited resources. The analysis includes standardized input from four levels of professional law enforcement including a forensic psychologist, a crime analyst, a detective, and a city prosecutor. In addition to chapters pertaining to the kidnapping subtypes, an introductory chapter is dedicated to the evolution of U.S. kidnapping law and intervention strategies, including a review of relevant case law (Megan's Law, Amber Alert). Appendices include a concise summary of all the subtypes and Tabletop Drills that law enforcement can use to support potential kidnapping victims prepare and better respond to a kidnapping threat. * A statistically-based tool that can inform investigative strategies in kidnapping cases * An essential resource for any professional who regularly deals with the subject of kidnapping * Contains appendices that provide a concise summary of the statistical information presented in the text

Now more than ever, doctors are being targeted by government prosecutors and whistleblowers challenging the legality of their relationships with drug and device companies. With reputations at stake and the risk of civil and criminal liability, it is incumbent upon doctors to protect themselves. Managing Relationships with Industry: A Physician's Compliance Manual is an indispensable resource for doctors, professional societies, academic medical centers, community hospitals, and group practices struggling to understand the ever changing law and ethical standards on interactions with pharmaceutical and device companies. It is the first comprehensive summary of the law and ethics on physician relationships with industry written for the physician. Authored by a former state Attorney General, Harvard Medical School Professor, health care lawyer and professor of ethics, Managing Relationships approaches the topic from a balanced and reasoned perspective adding to the on-going national dialogue and debate on the proper limits to medicine's relationship with industry. * The first complete and up-to-date summary and analysis of the law and ethics on physician-industry relationships * Focuses on major enforcement actions and whistleblower lawsuits and the lessons learned for physicians * Provides options and guidance for maintaining compliant relationships and avoiding traps for the unwary * Covers both drug and device company relationships * Summarizes the types of industry relationships that are necessary and productive and those that are harmful and abusive * Details the law and ethics for each type of relationship including gifts, off-label uses and marketing, CME, speaker's bureaus, free samples, grants, consulting arrangements, etc. * Includes sample contracts for permissible consulting and CME speaker engagements

Forensic science laboratories' reputations have increasingly come under fire. Incidents of tainted evidence, false reports, allegations of negligence, scientifically flawed testimony, or - worse yet - perjury in in-court testimony, have all served to cast a shadow over the forensic sciences. Instances of each are just a few of the quality-related charges made in the last few years. Forensic Science Under Siege is the first book to integrate and explain these problematic trends in forensic science. The issues are timely, and are approached from an investigatory, yet scholarly and research-driven, perspective. Leading experts are consulted and interviewed, including directors of highly visible forensic laboratories, as well as medical examiners and coroners who are commandeering the discussions related to these issues. Interviewees include Henry Lee, Richard Saferstein, Cyril Wecht, and many others. The ultimate consequences of all these pressures, as well as the future of forensic science, has yet to be determined. This book examines these challenges, while also exploring possible solutions (such as the formation of a forensic science consortium to address specific legislative issues). It is a must-read for all forensic scientists. * Provides insight on the current state of forensic science, demands, and future direction as provided by leading experts in the field * Consolidates the current state of standards and best-practices of labs across disciplines * Discusses a controversial topic that must be addressed for political support and financial funding of forensic science to improve

Crime Reconstruction is a working guide to the interpretation of physical evidence, designed for the forensic generalist and those with multiple forensic specialties. It was developed to aid these forensic reconstructionists with the formulation of hypotheses and conclusions that stay within the known limits of forensic evidence. Crime Reconstruction begins with chapters on the history and ethics of crime reconstruction, and then shifts to the more applied subjects of general reconstruction methods and practice standards. It concludes with chapters on courtroom conduct and evidence admissibility, to prepare forensic reconstructionists for what awaits them when they take the witness stand. Crime Reconstruction is a watershed collaborative effort by internationally known, qualified and respected forensic science practitioners with generations of case experience. Forensic pioneers such as John D. DeHaan, John I. Thornton, and W. Jerry Chisum contribute chapters on arson reconstruction, trace evidence interpretation, advanced bloodstain interpretation, and reconstructionist ethics. Other chapters cover the subjects of shooting incident reconstruction, interpreting digital evidence, staged crime scenes, and examiner bias. Rarely have so many forensic giants collaborated, and never before have the natural limits of physical evidence been made so clear. * Contains the first practice standards ever published for the reconstruction of crime * Provides a clear ethical canon for the reconstructionist * Includes groundbreaking discussions of examiner bias and observer effects as they impact forensic evidence interpretation * Ideal for applied courses on the subject of crime reconstruction, as well as those teaching crime reconstruction theory within criminology and criminal justice programs

In a world of increasing uncertainty it is vital that managers within the tourism industry are equipped with superior decision making skills and expertise necessary to deal with crisis conditions. Tourism Crises provides an effective synthesis of crisis management and tourism research with a solid theoretical foundation. It examines the principles and practices of crisis management within the context of tourism as a multi-sector industry. Using up to date international case studies, it tackles the following areas: Political disturbance: the relationship between politics and tourism and political inspired tourism crises. Social unrest: host-guest relations and tourists as targets of unrest Economic instability: crises arising from fluctuating exchange rates and lack of investor confidence Environmental conditions: natural disasters and health crises Technological crises; transport accidents and crises arising from technical failure Corporate crises. Human resource issues and questions of finance With a user-friendly learning structure, each chapter will assess the presence of and tendency towards particular types of crisis, supported by a series of examples and cases, which describe organisational situations, challenges and responses. Approaches to managing crises will be assessed and appropriate tools and techniques of crisis management are explored, enabling readers to gain an insight into this critical aspect of tourism decision making and equipping them with the skills and expertise necessary to deal with crisis conditions. * The first student focussed textbook to coherently tackle this significant and important area * Examines the principles and practices of crisis management within the context of the tourism industry * Uses up to date international case studies involving terrorism, environmental crises, health crises and technological crises, which have had major impacts on the industry