Suchergebnisse

Objective. Our central question is how changes in an institution's football success affect giving behavior. Also, we consider whether former varsity athletes are more or less sensitive in their giving behavior than other alumni to the competitive success of their school and whether such effects differ by type of institution. Methods. Using micro data from 15 academically selective private colleges and universities, the analysis presents fixed‐effects estimates of how football winning percentages affect giving behavior. Results. General giving rates are unaffected by won‐lost records at the high‐profile Division IA schools and at the Ivy League schools. Increases in winning percentages yield modest positive increases in giving rates, particularly among former atheletes, at the lower‐profile Division III liberal arts colleges. Conclusions. While there is a modest positive effect at Division III colleges, our results do not support the notion that winning and giving go hand‐in‐hand at the selective private universities that play big‐time football.

Introduction / Gordon H. Hanson, William R. Kerr, and Sarah Turner -- High-skilled immigration and the comparative advantage of foreign-born workers across U.S.occupations / Gordon H. Hanson and Chen Liu -- The innovation activities of multinational enterprises and the demand for skilled worker, non-immigrant visas / Stephen Ross Yeaple -- Digital labor markets and global talent flows / John Horton, William R. Kerr, and Christopher Stanton -- Understanding the economic impact of the H-1b program on the U.S. / John Bound, Gaurav Khanna, and Nicolas Morales -- High-skilled immigration, stem employment, and non-routine-biased technical change / Nir Jaimovich and Henry E. Siu -- Firm dynamics and immigration: the case of high-skilled immigration / Michael E. Waugh

One long-standing hypothesis about science and engineering labor markets is that the supply of highly skilled workers is likely to be inelastic in the short run. We consider the market for computer scientists and electrical engineers (IT workers) and the evolution of wages and employment through two periods of increased demand. Relative to the boom of the 1970s, the demand shock in the 1990s generated relatively greater changes in employment and smaller changes in wages. The growth in the pool of skilled workers abroad, combined with increased immigration in high-skill fields, is central to this story.

Introduction: Child abuse exposure is highly prevalent among military personnel compared with the general population. However, little is known regarding its relationship to compromised positive mental health outcomes, particularly in the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF). The objectives of this study were (1) to describe the prevalence of overall positive functioning and emotional well-being among CAF personnel with and without a child abuse history compared with the Canadian general population (CGP) and (2) to examine the relationships between child abuse and positive functioning and emotional well-being among the CAF compared with the CGP. Methods: Data were drawn from two nationally representative datasets: the 2013 Canadian Forces Mental Health Survey (Regular Forces, n = 6,692, response rate = 79.8%; Reserve Forces, n = 1,469, response rate = 78.7%) and the 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey–Mental Health ( n = 23,395; response rate = 68.9%). Keyes' Mental Health Continuum–Short Form was used to measure positive functioning and emotional well-being. Results: Compared with the CGP, CAF personnel had reduced functioning and emotional well-being. All child abuse types were associated with increased odds of experiencing moderate and languishing mental health and decreased odds of reporting individual indicators of positive functioning and emotional well-being among the CGP and CAF personnel. One significant population interaction effect was found, indicating that among the CAF, exposure to intimate partner violence had a stronger relationship with moderate mental health than among the CGP. Discussion: Child abuse history may be an important factor to consider when trying to improve positive functioning and emotional well-being among CAF personnel.