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Acquaintance rape is a serious social problem, yet it remains widely misunderstood by the general public and by practitioners working with both survivors and perpetrators. The concept `rape' is generally thought of in terms of rape by a stranger; acquaintance rape survivors are more likely to be blamed for the assault than stranger rape survivors. This seriously impacts upon what survivors do after the assault, on the services survivors receive, on the prosecution of perpetrators and on efforts to prevent the problem. Intimate Betrayal provides much-needed information on the subject - inclu

Canadian governments and various stakeholder groups are advocating greater interprofessional collaboration amongst health care providers as a fundamental strategy for enhancing coordination and quality of care in the health care system. Interprofessional education for collaborative patient-centred practice (IECPCP) is an educational process by which students/learners (or workers) from different health professions learn together to improve collaboration. The educational system is believed to be a main determinant of interprofessional collaborative practice, yet academic institutions are largely influenced by accreditation, certification and licensure bodies. Accreditation processes have been linked to the continuous improvement of curricula in the health professions, and have also been identified as potential avenues for encouraging educational change and innovation. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the characteristics of the national accreditation systems of select Canadian health professional education programs at both the pre- and post-licensure educational levels and to show how these systems support and/or foster IECPCP. A review of the educational accreditation systems of medicine, nursing, pharmacy, social work, occupational therapy and physiotherapy was undertaken through key informant interviews and an analysis of accreditation process documentation. The results of this comparative review suggest that accreditation systems are more prevalent across the health professions at a pre-licensure level. Accreditation at the post- licensure level, particularly at the continuing professional education level, appears to be less well established across the majority of health professions. Overall, the findings of the review also suggest that current accreditation systems do not appear to promote nor foster interprofessional education for collaborative patient-centred practice in a systematic manner through either accreditation processes or standards. Through a critical adult learning perspective we argue that in order for traditional uni-professional structures within the health professional education system to be challenged, the accreditation system needs to place greater value on interprofessional education for collaborative patient-centred practice. ; Les gouvernements du Canada ainsi que divers groupes d'intervenants appellent à une plus grande collaboration interprofessionnelle entre les fournisseurs de services de santé comme stratégie fondamentale pour rehausser la coordination et la qualité des soins dans le système des soins de santé. L'éducation interprofessionnelle pour la pratique collaborative centrée sur le patient (IECPCP) constitue un processus éducatif qui permet aux étudiants/apprenants (ou travailleurs) de diverses professions de la santé d'apprendre ensemble à mieux collaborer. Le système éducatif est perçu comme le principal déterminant de la pratique collaborative interprofessionnelle; cependant, les institutions éducatives sont fortement infl uencées par les organismes qui octroient les accréditations, certifi cations et autorisations d'exercer. Les processus d'accréditation ont été reliés à l'amélioration continue des programmes d'études dans les professions de santé et ils ont été également identifi és comme avenues potentielles pour encourager le changement et l'innovation en milieu éducatif. L'objectif de cet article est de résumer les caractéristiques des systèmes nationaux d'accréditation de certains programmes de formation des professionnels de la santé au Canada à tous les niveaux (pré- et post-autorisation d'exercer) et de montrer comment ces systèmes soutiennent ou encouragent l'IECPCP. Nous avons passé en revue les systèmes d'accréditation en médecine, soins infirmiers, pharmacie, travail social, ergothérapie et physiothérapie par le biais d'entrevues avec des personnes-clés et par l'analyse de la documentation sur les processus d'accréditation. Les résultats de cette étude comparative suggèrent que les systèmes d'accréditation dans lesservices de santé sont plus courants avant l'octroi de l'autorisation d'exercer. L'accréditation post-autorisation d'exercer, en particulier dans le domaine de la formation professionnelle continue, semble être moins bien établie dans la majorité des professions de la santé. Globalement, les résultats de l'étude suggèrent aussi que les systèmes actuels d'accréditation ne semblent pas promouvoir ou encourager la formation interprofessionnelle pour la pratique collaborative centrée sur le patient de façon systématique par les processus ou normes d'accréditation. Dans la perspective critique de l'apprentissage des adultes, nous avançons que, pour remettre en question les structures uniprofessionnelles traditionnelles du système éducatif des professions de la santé, le système d'accréditation doit accorder une plus grande place à l'éducation interprofessionnelle sur la pratique collaborative centrée sur le patient.

1 Background Discussion -- Scope of Metamorphism -- Temperatures and Pressures of Metamorphism -- Movement of Material in Metamorphism -- Mineral Assemblages ('Pangeneses') -- Microstructures of Metamorphic Rocks -- Preferred Orientation in Metamorphic Rocks -- Metamorphic Grade -- Metamorphic Facies -- Tectonic Setting of Metamorphism -- References -- 2 Equilibrium Aspects of Metamorphic Reactions -- Driving Force for Metamorphic Reactions -- Types of Metamorphic Reactions -- Variance of Metamorphic Reactions -- Metamorphic Reactions and Resulting Assemblages -- Sliding Reactions at Isograds -- Effect of One Phase on the Stability of Another -- Criteria of Stable Coexistence of Metamorphic Minerals -- Domains of Local (Mosaic) Equilibrium -- Calculation of the Topology of Metamorphic Phase Diagrams (Schreinemakers' Analysis) -- Calculation of Slopes of Reaction Curves -- Experimental Location of Reaction Curves -- Reversal of Experimental Reactions -- Discrepancies Between Calculated and Experimentally Determined Reaction Curves -- Open Systems in Metamorphism -- Fluid Phase in Metamorphism -- Pressure of Fluid Phase -- Effect of Fluid Pressure on Reaction Curves -- Effects of Composition of Fluid Phase (Fugacities of Mixed Volatile Components) on Reaction Curves -- Effect of Oxygen Fugacity -- Coexisting Magnetite and Ilmenite -- Effect of fO2 on Hydrous Silicates Without Cations of Variable Valency -- Distribution of Elements Between Coexisting Minerals -- References -- 3 Kinetics of Metamorphic Reactions -- Diffusion in Metamorphism -- Nucleation and Growth -- Application of Reaction Kinetics to Metamorphism -- Zoning in Metamorphic Minerals -- Problems of Aragonite in Metamorphic Rocks -- Kinetics of the Reaction: Calcite + Quartz ? Wollastonite + CO2 -- References -- 4 Reactions in Metamorphic Rocks -- Mechanisms of Metamorphic Reactions -- Reactions in Metapelitic Systems -- Reactions in Mafic and Ultramafic Systems -- How Relevant Are Available Experimental and Theoretical Determinations of P-T-X Equilibria? -- Retrograde Reactions -- Reactions Involving Zoned Minerals -- Reactions Involving Zoned Garnet -- Compositional Changes During Metamorphism ('Metamorphic Differentiation') -- References -- 5 Stable Metamorphic Microstructures -- Unstable Grain Arrangements -- Stable Grain Arrangements in Isotropic Single Phase Aggregates -- Anisotropic Single Phase Aggregates -- Aggregates with More than One Phase -- Spatial and Size Distribution of Grains in Metamorphic Rocks -- Environments of Grain Adjustment in the Solid State -- References -- 6 Deformation, Recovery and Recrystallisation Processes -- Brittle Versus Ductile Deformation -- Crystal Plasticity -- Primary Modes of Intragranular Plastic Deformation -- Secondary Modes of Deformation -- Dislocations -- How Do Dislocations Assist Deformation? -- Experimental Detection of Dislocations -- Mobility of Dislocations -- Production of Dislocations -- Dislocations in Relation to Work-Hardening and -Softening -- Partial Dislocations -- Dislocations in Non-Metals -- Surface Imperfections 160 Effect of Grain Boundaries on Deformation (Intergranular Deformation) -- Recovery and Recrystallisation 166 Development of Crystallographic Preferred Orientation by Recrystallisation -- Development of Preferred Orientations by Deformation -- Some Generalities -- Appendix: Methods of Detecting Slip Systems -- References -- 7 Deformation, Recovery and Recrystallisation of Some Common Silicates -- Quartz -- Olivine -- Layer Silicates -- Plagioclase -- 8 Relationships between Chemical and Physical Processes in Metamorphism -- Effect of Chemical Reactions on Rock Mechanical Properties -- Effect of Differential Deformation on Mineral Assemblage -- Examples of Metamorphic Layering Formed By Preferential Removal of Minerals -- Large-Scale Metasomatism and Deformation -- Pegmatites and Deformation -- Migmatites -- Time Relationships between Deformation and Mineral Growth -- Solution Transfer -- Spinodal Decomposition? -- References -- Author Index.