Suchergebnisse

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive depth resolved optical imaging modality, that enables high resolution, cross-sectional imaging in biological tissues and materials at clinically relevant depths. Though OCT offers high resolution imaging, the best ultra-high-resolution OCT systems are limited to imaging structural changes with a resolution of one micron on a single B-scan within very limited depth. Nanosensitive OCT (nsOCT) is a recently developed technique that is capable of providing enhanced sensitivity of OCT to structural changes. Improving the sensitivity of OCT to detect structural changes at the nanoscale level, to a depth typical for conventional OCT, could potentially improve the diagnostic capability of OCT in medical applications. In this paper, we demonstrate the capability of nsOCT to detect structural changes deep in the rat cornea following superficial corneal injury. (C) 2020 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement ; The authors acknowledge the help provided by Dr Hrebesh Molly Subhash during the experiments. This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreements No 761214 (STARSTEM) and 779960 (IMCUSTOMEYE). The materials presented and views expressed here are the responsibility of the authors(s) only. The EU Commission takes no responsibility for any use made of the information set out. ; peer-reviewed

This paper investigates the meteorological factors and human activities that influence PM(2.5) pollution by employing the data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach to a chance constrained stochastic optimization problem. This approach has the two advantages of admitting random input and output, and allowing the evaluation unit to exceed the front edge under the given probability constraint. Furthermore, by utilizing the meteorological observation data incorporated with the economic and social data for Jiangsu Province, the chance constrained stochastic DEA model was solved to explore the relationship between the meteorological elements and human activities and PM(2.5) pollution. The results are summarized by the following: (1) Among all five primary indexes, social progress, energy use and transportation are the most significant for PM(2.5) pollution. (2) Among our selected 14 secondary indexes, coal consumption, population density and civil car ownership account for a major portion of PM(2.5) pollution. (3) Human activities are the main factor producing PM(2.5) pollution. While some meteorological elements generate PM(2.5) pollution, some act as influencing factors on the migration of PM(2.5) pollution. These findings can provide a reference for the government to formulate appropriate policies to reduce PM(2.5) emissions and for the communities to develop effective strategies to eliminate PM(2.5) pollution.

The post-epidemic era is in the critical time of the education internationalization development in China's "14th Five-Year Plan" period (2021-2025). Under the unfavorable conditions of the reduction of international personnel exchanges, the unsatisfactory quality of online teaching, and the intensified international competition in education, how to attract international students to study in China is an unavoidable issue for Chinese universities. This paper takes the international student enrollment of Shanghai University of Political Science and Law as the case study object, and starts from three aspects: enrollment management, curriculum construction, and teaching staff construction for international students. The quality of teaching international students, the implementation of convergent management for international students to better integrate them into Chinese society and life is an effective measure to improve the enthusiasm of international students to study in China. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, Study in China has both challenges and opportunities. As long as the planning is reasonable and the measures are appropriate, we can increase the attractiveness of Chinese universities to international students and empower the development of Study in China.

Approximately 90% of cancers originate in epithelial tissues leading to epithelial thickening, but the ultrastructural changes and underlying architecture are less well known. Depth resolved label free visualization of nanoscale tissue morphology is required to reveal the extent and distribution of ultrastructural changes in underlying tissue, but is difficult to achieve with existing imaging modalities. We developed a nanosensitive optical coherence tomography (nsOCT) approach to provide such imaging based on dominant axial structure with a few nanometre detection accuracy. nsOCT maps the distribution of axial structural sizes an order of magnitude smaller than the axial resolution of the system. We validated nsOCT methodology by detecting synthetic axial structure via numerical simulations. Subsequently, we validated the nsOCT technique experimentally by detecting known structures from a commercially fabricated sample. nsOCT reveals scaling with different depth of dominant submicron structural changes associated with carcinoma which may inform the origins of the disease, its progression and improve diagnosis. ; This project received funding from Irish Research Council (IRC), under Government of Ireland postdoctoral fellowship with project ID: GOIPD/2017/837. Nandan Das acknowledge National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG) for research facilities. Also, this project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreements no. 761214 and no. 779960. The materials presented and views expressed here are the responsibility of the author(s) only. The EU Commission takes no responsibility for any use made of the information set out. This work was supported by NUI Galway, Galway University Foundation, the University of Limerick Foundation, the National Biophotonics Imaging Platform (NBIP) Ireland funded under the Higher Education Authority PRTLI Cycle 4 and co-funded by the Irish Government and the European Union. ; peer-reviewed

Approximately 90% of cancers originate in epithelial tissues leading to epithelial thickening, but the ultrastructural changes and underlying architecture are less well known. Depth resolved label free visualization of nanoscale tissue morphology is required to reveal the extent and distribution of ultrastructural changes in underlying tissue, but is difficult to achieve with existing imaging modalities. We developed a nanosensitive optical coherence tomography (nsOCT) approach to provide suchimaging based on dominant axial structure with a few nanometre detection accuracy. nsOCT maps the distribution of axial structural sizes an order of magnitude smaller than the axial resolution of the system. We validated nsOCT methodology by detecting synthetic axial structure via numerical simulations. Subsequently, we validated the nsOCT technique experimentally by detecting known structures from a commercially fabricated sample. nsOCT reveals scaling with different depth of dominant submicronstructural changes associated with carcinoma which may inform the origins of the disease, its progression and improve diagnosis. ; Funding agencies: Irish Research Council(IRC), under Government of Ireland postdoctoral fellowship with project ID: GOIPD/2017/837; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovationprogram under grant agreements no. 761214 and no. 779960; NUI Galway, Galway University Foundation; the University of Limerick Foundation; the National Biophotonics Imaging Platform (NBIP) Ireland funded under the Higher Education Authority PRTLI Cycle 4 and cofunded by the Irish Government and the European Union.