Beef cattle raising in Lombok Island mostly uses collective cages where the level of its implementation has not been optimal yet as expected. This study aims to determine a strategy for raising beef cattle based on collective cages on smallholder farms in Lombok Island based on their sustainability status. The research has been conducted with a survey method to collect primary data from December 2018-March 2019. The method used to determine the sustainability status is Multidimensional Scaling with the Rapid Appraisal Beef Cattle Smallholder approach. There are six dimensions studied that include hygienic aspects of collective cages, management of cages, animal health, feed management, drinking water management, socio-economic and cultural related aspects. The development strategy formulation was carried out by analyzing the sensitive attributes of the six dimensions, which were the top priority based on the root mean square value. The results showed that there were 28 sensitive attributes with a prospective assessment by experts 10 critical factors for the success of beef cattle development were determined. In conclusion, there are four strategies for developing beef cattle based on collective cages on smallholder farms in Lombok Island; those were improved collective cage health management; increasing productivity, efficiency, and income of beef cattle farmers based on the existing collective cages; increasing access to information, technology, capital and cattle marketing and increasing the role of government, business, and other stakeholders.
This study was aimed to determine the principal factors that may affect any development of the cattle business and know what strategies can be applied in the development of the cattle business in the District WuryantoroWonogiri. Research method used in this study was a mixed method collect qualitative and quantitative primary data from respondents and secondary data from relevant agencies, namely BPS Wonogiri, Wonogiri District Agriculture Office, and Subdistrict Wuryantoro. Research sampling was determined by convenience sampling of 60 farmers, and 10 respondents from public government and cattle traders. Analysis of data using internal and external situation analysis, also SWOT analysis. SWOT analysis qualitative of internal factors resulted in the identification of Strength and Weakness contained in the cattle business that consists of human resources, financial condition, operations / production, management, marketing. The analysis of external factors resulted in the identification of factors external in the form of opportunity and threats that exist in the beef cattle business as consisting of social, economic, public policy, and technology. The results of the matrix analysis showed results that the internal factors of 1.09 (on the x-axis), and external factors of 0.23 (on the y-axis).Hence,appropriate strategy in the development of beef cattle farms was in quadrant I that support aggressive growth policy (GrowthOriented Strategy),which uses strength to gain opportunities, profits in the cattle business.
The state of Pará has the fifth largest cattle herd in Brazil at 20.3 million heads, and beef cattle breeding accounts for 44.32% of the agricultural production value. Using a recursive econometric model estimated by the generalized method of moments, we evaluated the effects of variables that define the supply and demand of slaughtered beef cattle from 1990 to 2015. The results showed that supply and demand were inelastic to prices. Increases in rural salary and calf prices negatively affected supply, and the response to rural credit applications occurred with a four-year lag due to the biological and technological characteristics of production systems. Deforestation tended to increase the supply of cattle and slaughterhouses appropriated the largest share of the economic surplus generated. There were productivity gains since the early 1990s, with the yield of slaughtered animals was 230.55 kg for cattle and 182.25 kg for cows, while currently, it is 276 and 202.5 kg, respectively. The creation of the Agriculture and Livestock Defense Agency of the State of Pará had a positive effect on the supply of cattle and the expansion of agroindustry structure, contributing to the supply of large markets with higher quality beef.
An experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of supplementation strategies on intake, digestibility, and performance of Nellore cattle on pasture (Urochloa decumbens) during the rainy-dry transition period. The evaluated strategies were mineral supplementation (MS), self-feed supplementation (SF), and infrequent concentrate supplementation. Supplementation frequencies were three times per week (Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays - 3tw) and daily (7tw). Animals receiving concentrate supplementation had higher pasture DM and TDN intakes than those fed MS. There was no difference (P > 0.10) between concentrate supplementation strategies. Average pasture DM intake was 7.89, 8.09, and 8.10 kg day?1 for SF, 3tw, and 7tw, respectively. No effects were found (P > 0.10) between SF and infrequent supplementation, or for the supplementation frequencies tested. The lowest average daily gain (ADG) (P < 0.10) was found for animals fed MS, and there was no difference between concentrate supplementation strategies for this variable. Average daily gains for MS, SC, 3tw, and 7tw were 661.4, 812.7, 811.5 and 819.2 g/animal, respectively. During the rainy-dry transition period, grazing beef cattle receiving concentrate supplementation have higher pasture and TDN intakes and better performance than animals fed mineral supplement only. Self-feed supplementation or supplementation provided three days per week do not compromise pasture and TDN intakes, nutrient digestibility, or performance of grazing beef cattle.
The purpose of this research is to know marketing institution, marketing channel, marketing function, market structure, market behavior, market performance, marketing cost, marketing margin, marketing profit and marketing efficiency of beef cattle in animal market Suka Village TigapanahSubdistrictKaro District. The research conducted in the animal market of Suka Village TigapanahSubdistrictKaro District from March until April 2017. This research used primary data obtained from observation and interview of respondents. Determination of respondents with snowball sampling method that has 30 respondents. Secondary data is obtained from related institutions such as the Central Agency of Statistics and the Karo District Agricultural Departement. The parameters studied were marketing institution, marketing channel, marketing function, market structure, market conduct, market performance, marketing margin, farmer's share and profit to cost ratio. The results is marketing institutions involved are farmers and agent. The marketing channels are the first two channels: the farmer - the consumer and the second channel: the farmer – the agent - the consumer. Marketing functions undertaken by marketing institutions are the functions of exchange, physical and facilities. The market structure is oligopoly and oligopsoni. Market conduct is the practice of pricing away from dishonesty and marketing costs are not uniform and the absence of intervention from the government. Market performance is that there is no technological progress and no improvement of product quality and service maximization. Marketing margin of cannel I is Rp.0 and channel II is Rp.815.384. Farmer's share of channel I is 100% and channel II is 95.59%. The profit to cost ratio of channel I is 105,86 and channel II is 2,55. The conclusion of this research is the marketing of beef cattle in the animal market of Suka Village TigapanahSubdistrictKaro District has been efficient.
The objectives of this study were to: 1) study beef cattle production, 2) describe the needsfor extension, 3) compare different productions, 4) identify problems of extension, and 5) develop anextension guideline on beef cattle production in the 3 southern border provinces of Thailand. SimpleRandom Sampling was used to obtain 396 farmers and 30 livestock officers, who all answeredto an assessment form. Reliability of questionnaire was confirmed by using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, yielding a value of 0.96. Data were collected by using interview forms, and then analyzed by using frequency, percentage, minimum and maximum, value mean, standard deviation, and F-test. Results revealed that farmers were: 1) native beef cattle raising (59.6%), 2) not growing grass (37.4%),3) doing pasture grazing naturally (39.1%), 4) beef cattle breeders (47.5%), 5) using vaccination for foot andmouth disease (55.8%), and puberty cattle (94.7%). The needs for extension were high in beef cattle breedingas well as in managing herd beef cattle at each growing stage and for beef cattle health management. In terms of extension methods, farmer needed highly level in farm visit, promotion of beef cattle group establishment, study trip, and training. The needs for support from related government organizations were at a high level, including: providing bull, vaccination, internal and external parasitic control, and establishing beef cattle auction market at the district level. Regarding the comparisons of needs for extension for beef cattle by variables (age, education, beef cattle breeds, and farmer occupation), results showed that each factor was statistically significant differences (P<0.05). There was a high level in the problems of beef production as following: lack of budget, lack of beef cattle, lack of animal food, lack of forage grass, lack of knowledge of farm management, and lack of livestock officers from government organizations. In extension guideline of beef cattle production in three southern border provinces, it should focus on extension of beef cattle system, production, methods for extension of beef cattle, as well as knowledge of production on beef cattle system. ; การวิจัยครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษา 1) สภาพการผลิตโคเนื้อของเกษตรกร 2) ความต้องการการส่งเสริมการผลิตโคเนื้อของเกษตรกร 3) การเปรียบเทียบความต้องการการส่งเสริมการผลิตโคเนื้อของเกษตรกรที่มีคุณลักษณะแตกต่างกัน4) สภาพปัญหาอุปสรรคในการผลิตโคเนื้อ และ 5) แนวทางการส่งเสริมการผลิตโคเนื้อที่เหมาะสมกับเกษตรกรในพื้นที่ 3 จังหวัดชายแดนภาคใต้ กลุ่มตัวอย่าง คือเกษตรกรผู้เลี้ยงโคเนื้อในพื้นที่ 3 จังหวัดชายแดนภาคใต้ จำานวน 396 ราย ใช้วิธีการสุ่มตัวอย่างอย่างง่าย และเจ้าหน้าที่ส่งเสริมปศุสัตว์ 30 ราย และเครื่องมือที่ใช้เป็นแบบสัมภาษณ์ที่มีความเชื่อมั่น 0.96 วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลโดยใช้สถิติ ค่าความถี่ ค่าร้อยละ ค่าเฉลี่ย ค่าเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน และ F – test ผลการวิจัยพบว่าเกษตรกรส่วนใหญ่เลี้ยงโคพื้นเมืองร้อยละ 59.60 ไม่มีการปลูกหญ้าใช้เลี้ยงโคเนื้อ ร้อยละ 37.40เลี้ยงแบบธรรมชาติร้อยละ 39.10 ใช้พ่อพันธุ์คุมฝูงร้อยละ 47.50 ทำาวัคซีนโรคปากและเท้าเปื่อย ร้อยละ 55.80 และเลี้ยงโครุ่นร้อยละ 94.70 เกษตรกรมีความต้องการการส่งเสริมความรู้ในระดับมาก ในเรื่องการเลือกพันธุ์โคเนื้อ การจัดการฝูงโคเนื้อระยะต่างๆ และการจัดการด้านสุขภาพสัตว์ ด้านวิธีการส่งเสริมเกษตรกรมีความต้องการระดับมากในเรื่อง การเยี่ยมเยือนเกษตรกรการส่งเสริมการจัดตั้งกลุ่มเกษตรกรผู้เลี้ยงโคเนื้อ การศึกษาดูงาน การจัดฝึกอบรม และมีความต้องการการสนับสนุนจากหน่วยงานที่เกี่ยวข้องระดับมากในเรื่อง การสนับสนุนพ่อแม่พันธุ์โค การฉีดวัคซีนป้องกันโรค การถ่ายพยาธิภายในและภายนอก และการจัดตั้งตลาดนัดโคภายในระดับอำาเภอ การเปรียบเทียบความต้องการการส่งเสริมการผลิตโคเนื้อของเกษตรกรจำาแนกตามตัวแปร ดังนี้ อายุ ระดับการศึกษา พันธุ์โคเนื้อที่เลี้ยง อาชีพหลักของเกษตรกร พบว่า ในตัวแปรแต่ละตัวเกษตรกรมีความต้องการการส่งเสริมการผลิตโคเนื้อแตกต่างกันอย่างมีนัยสำาคัญทางสถิติในระดับ (P<0.05) ปัญหาอุปสรรคในการเลี้ยงโคเนื้อพบว่า เกษตรกรมีปัญหาอุปสรรคในระดับมาก ในด้านขาดแคลนเงินทุน พันธุ์โคเนื้อที่มีคุณภาพ อาหารสัตว์ พืชอาหารสัตว์ความรู้ในการจัดการเลี้ยงโคเนื้อ และด้านเจ้าหน้าที่ส่งเสริมปศุสัตว์จากหน่วยงานรัฐ ด้านแนวทางการส่งเสริมและผลิตโคเนื้อของเกษตรกร เน้นระบบการส่งเสริมการผลิตโคเนื้อจากหน่วยงานที่ส่งเสริมการเลี้ยงโคเนื้อโดยตรง ระบบทางการผลิตโคเนื้อวิธีการส่งเสริมโคเนื้อ และเกษตรกรผู้เลี้ยงโคเนื้อได้รับการส่งเสริมความรู้ระบบการผลิตโคเนื้อ
Pētījuma "Zemnieku paaudžu pēctecība gaļas liellopu saimniecībās Latvijā" mērķis ir izpētīt zemnieku paaudžu pēctecības procesu gaļas liellopu saimniecībās Latvijā no sociālā konstruktīvisma perspektīvas, un, balstoties uz izpēti, izvērtēt lauksaimniecības politikas atbalsta pasākumus pēctecības veicināšanai. Darbā izmantotas kvalitatīvās pētījuma metodes – daļēji strukturētās intervijas ar gaļas liellopu saimniecību jaunāko un vecāko paaudzi. Pētījumā iegūtie dati analizēti izmantojot konstruktīvisma pieejā balstīto datos pamatoto teoriju. Rezultāti parāda zemnieku paaudžu pēctecību kā kompleksu, vecākās un jaunākās paaudzes mijiedarbībā konstruētu procesu, kas ietver sociālo, ekonomisko, politisko un vides kontekstu. Rezultāti ļāvuši izstrādāt arī rekomendācijas zemnieku paaudžu pēctecības vides veicināšanai valstī. ; The aim ot the master thesis "Farm succession in beef cattle farming in Latvia" is to investigate the process of farm succession in beef cattle farming in Latvia from perspective of social constructivism. The additional task is to evaluate support measures of agricultural policy for the succession promotion. The study is based on qualitative research methods: semi – structured interviews with beef cattle farming both younger and older generations. The findings were analyzed using the grounded theory based on constructivism approach. The study results reflect farm succession as complex process, based on interaction between both younger and older generation. Farm succession analysis include social, economic, political and environmental context. The data obtained allow to develop recommendation for promotion of farm succession in Latvia.
The research objective was to determine the beef cattle business development strategy in increasing the economic value of farmers in Sukabumi Regency. The research was conducted in Ciracap District, Sukabumi Regency, West Java in 2020. The research used survey methods and interviews with 65 farmers and 9 extension workers from BPP Sukabumi Regency. Primary data and secondary data were analyzed using statistical analysis, economic analysis and Swot analysis descriptively and quantitatively. The results showed that the farmers' average land ownership was 1.57 ha/farmer. The farmer profit is IDR. 250.548.975 /year, the value of R/C is 1.14. The related variable (dependent) which affects farmer profit and business efficiency of beef cattle has an effect on the95% confidence level. Swot analysis of internal and external factors in the development of beef cattle business showed the strengths of the working area of the Sukabumi Regency BPP including available labor, agricultural land area, grazing land, the number of cows being raised and the support of government institutions, private companies and other institutions as well as livestock market opportunities wide open. The weaknesses are limited land resources, business capital, increased feed prices and the price of beef cattle that were controlled by middlemen. It is suggested that strategies to increase beef cattle population and economic value of the farmers are by optimizing the function of empty land as grazing land and forage cultivation. Business cooperation, marketing networks and guaranteed beef cattle prices are pivotal in order to take advantage of relatively unfulfilled market opportunities.
We analyzed average daily gain from weaning to yearling (ADG), yearling weight (YW), rib eye area, and subcutaneous fat thickness of 91 Angus, Hereford, Caracu, and Nellore cattle, and their crosses. The animals were split into two grazing groups: improved natural grassland (n = 47) and natural grassland (n = 44). The environment was found to influence all traits, and the highest measures of performance were observed in improved natural grassland. The genetic group x environment interaction was verified only for ADG and YW (P < 0.05). We found the best performance trait averages for crossbreeds of Bos taurus and Bos indicus. In addition, we found genetic x environment interaction effects in growing traits and Longissimus muscle area between the evaluated genotype groups. Finally, we found that between the evaluated genotype groups, subcutaneous adipose fat was not influenced by the environment.
