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The promotion of physical activity for older people is dominated by biomedically informed polices emphasizing the prescription of exercise as medicine and a universal approach to the promotion of active aging in later life. Yet, more recent research recognizes that being physically active in later life is complex and contested, shaped by the intersections of biological, psychological, and sociological experiences, and requires differentiated responses that address this complexity. There is a disconnect between research, policy, and the physical activity experiences of older people which leads to over-generalized policy and practice in the promotion and delivery of community sport to older people. This paper presents findings from a complex community sport project employing a coproduction framework with low income older age people. Participatory community approaches including focus group discussions, and extended observations and informal conversations throughout the project develop understanding of the complexities of aging and community sport engagement among older people with limited income. Three themes are identified and discussed: (1) lived experience, aging bodies, and the changing dynamics of involvement in sport and exercise in the life course, (2) embodying aging—moving beyond practical barriers for understanding aging, lived experience and being physically active, and (3) corporeal pleasures of older sporting bodies. The paper concludes that there is a need to explore the significance of locally specific public knowledge from older people which directly addresses the complexity and inequalities of individuals' everyday lives in their communities; lived experiences likely to impact on preferences for, engagement in, and enjoyment of physical activity.

Purpose
– Peace promotion can include culturally relevant community programming. Some agencies have used sports such as football, for example, as a vehicle for fostering social development in fractured societies. This paper explores a football project implemented in Beslan, Russia following a 2004 terrorist attack. The purpose of this paper is to examine the approach adopted and the appropriateness of using football as a tool to promote peace amongst survivors of terrorism. It also focuses on the wider impact and significance of projects in comparable contexts.


Design/methodology/approach
– This qualitative work examines interview data obtained from eight UK-based staff and two Russian project translators. Each British interviewee also participated in a focus group with their colleagues, which is explored here also.


Findings
– Football-based interventions can have beneficial outcomes in certain conditions. It is important to consider contextual nuances, the degree of cultural significance and the various necessary conditions. The use of sport for peace promotion and other forms of social involvement are reliant on a variety of components, including the design and implementation of projects and the quality of staff, together with several environmental, logistical, relational and socio-political factors.


Originality/value
– Despite the increase in sport-for-development initiatives, meaningful research in this context is lacking. This is particularly the case in relation to peace promotion. This paper addresses a variety of challenges, approaches and outcomes associated with such projects. This work is uniquely positioned, analysing a neglected political context; it deliberately examines an atypical, exploratory, problematic initiative executed in a dangerous environment and addresses many of the questions posed through such work.

This article explores the claim that generalized trust and community participation are positively associated and reports results from a survey that collected data on individuals' involvement in sport and non-sport community organizations. Data were collected on levels of involvement in community sport and other non-profit community organizations, selected demographic variables and the standard measure of generalized trust. The analysis included an estimation of the direction of causality between involvement and trust and indicated that sport membership led to trust elevation. The findings support the arguments of Stolle and others: that joining community organizations creates heightened trust. Further, sport membership was a strong and significant predictor of trust. The findings have implications both for policy-related social capital interventions and the theory of social capital and trust generation.

This paper considers the role and limitations of mutual aid associations in meeting society's needs. It does this by examining responses of community sports clubs (CSCs) in the UK to COVID-19 restrictions. We firstly make the case that CSCs typify mutual aid associations. Using two qualitative research studies we show how the clubs' responses focused on meeting the needs of their own members, expressing bonding rather than bridging social capital. Clubs' resilience was facilitated by the commitment of key volunteers, understood as serious leisure, and the complete overlap of governance and delivery in club management. These insights allow us to discuss the potential and limitations of this particular type of mutual aid association in meeting society's needs, and qualify general assertions that the voluntary sector would respond to the COVID-19 crisis by developing social capital. It reinforces the need for a typology of the voluntary sector to inform understanding and research.

"For every kid who makes it to the NBA, thousands more simply seek out the pleasure and camaraderie of playing pick-up basketball in their local community centre or on a court in the neighbourhood park. It's a story that plays out in sport after sport -- team or individual, youth or adult, men's or women's. While the high-energy spectacle of professional basketball, soccer, or hockey may command our attention and fill our TV screens night after night, the world of grassroots, no- or low-stakes sports hums along in the background, a kind of connective tissue that brings city-dwellers together in ways that go well beyond the most obvious physical benefits. Yet the 2020 pandemic and heightened concerns about racial exclusion have revealed just how important these pastimes are, and what happens when we either lose access to them or take for granted the public spaces where we play. In this closely reported exploration of the role of community sports in highly diverse urban centres, Toronto journalist Perry King offers a compelling roadmap for re-imagining neighbourhoods whose residents are active, healthy, and genuinely connected."--

The promotion of physical activity for older people is dominated by biomedically informed polices emphasizing the prescription of exercise as medicine and a universal approach to the promotion of active aging in later life. Yet, more recent research recognizes that being physically active in later life is complex and contested, shaped by the intersections of biological, psychological, and sociological experiences, and requires differentiated responses that address this complexity. There is a disconnect between research, policy, and the physical activity experiences of older people which leads to over-generalized policy and practice in the promotion and delivery of community sport to older people. This paper presents findings from a complex community sport project employing a coproduction framework with low income older age people. Participatory community approaches including focus group discussions, and extended observations and informal conversations throughout the project develop understanding of the complexities of aging and community sport engagement among older people with limited income. Three themes are identified and discussed: (1) lived experience, aging bodies, and the changing dynamics of involvement in sport and exercise in the life course, (2) embodying aging—moving beyond practical barriers for understanding aging, lived experience and being physically active, and (3) corporeal pleasures of older sporting bodies. The paper concludes that there is a need to explore the significance of locally specific public knowledge from older people which directly addresses the complexity and inequalities of individuals' everyday lives in their communities; lived experiences likely to impact on preferences for, engagement in, and enjoyment of physical activity.

This paper is in closed access. ; Traditional delivery of sport development programs, especially at the community level, faces particular challenges under neoliberal ideology. While several issues are evident, this paper addresses only the issue of development through sport for disadvantaged communities. It reviews models where sport was employed to develop better community and citizen life outcomes and to deal with social issues previously addressed through "welfare state" processes. These new models flow out of neoliberalist state agendas to assist in fostering social inclusion and in building positive social capital in disadvantaged communities. Examples from England, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Canada are analysed and the implications for the Australian context are discussed. The discussion focuses on best practice success factors such as policy and strategy, partnerships, places and spaces, community/social development, evaluation and monitoring and sustainability. The role of traditional sports clubs and local government in delivering social inclusion programs and the emerging provision of community based sport activities by community/social development organisations is detailed. The implications for sport management, in terms of community development, community sport development and sport policy, are also discussed.

Preliminary Material /Andy Harvey and Richard Kimball -- Examining the Link between Leader-Member Exchange and Job Performance in Sport and Physical Activity Organizations /Süleyman Murat Yildiz -- Sport's Recent Representation in the Leisure Environment /Skye G. Arthur-Banning and Mary Sara Wells -- Effectiveness of Character and Leadership Development through Sport Using Game for Life Framework /Sean Huang and Shane Hong -- Sport and Anti Sport: Big Game Hunting in Jim Corbett's India /Rameshwer Singh and Rimjhim Singh -- Sport, Terrorism, National Security, and the 'Deep State': Components of a Longitudinal Research Programme /Neil King -- Sports Teaching in the International Inspiration Programme: An Exchange between Brazil and England /Rodrigo Falcão , Marcelo Soares and Marcílio Souza -- Sport Facilitators: Re-Examining the Role of Coaches in Community Projects /Philippe Crisp -- The UAE, Qatar and the Re-Shaping of Global Football's Boundaries /Salma Thani and Tom Heenan -- Playing the Ball, Mapping the Ball: The Accidental Globalisation of Rugby League /Karl Spracklen -- Sport: Ministerial Hopscotch and Disjointed Policy Outcomes, the Case of Jamaica /Christine Clarke -- The Media, the Olympic Games and Business Enterprises /Oyelade Gabriel Oluwaseyi -- The Stadium Tour as Sporting Creative Tourism: A Case Study of The Anfield Experience /Vivian Chiu -- The Meaning of Sport as Multicultural Dialogue in Max Nordau's Philosophy /Boryana Angelova - Igova.

Ownership of sport : philosophical perspectives -- Ownership and the history of sport -- Corporate ownership of sport -- Who owns community sport? -- Politics, policy and the ownership of sport -- Ownership of sport for development and peace -- Who owns sport at sport mega events? -- Towards a framework for understanding who owns sport.

The sport policy process : a sociological perspective -- The emergence and development of sport policy -- Youth sports development : physical education, school sport and community club links -- Community sports development : promoting social inclusion -- Community sports development : promoting health -- Elite sports development : promoting international success -- The politics and policy of mega-events : a case study of London 2012.