Suchergebnisse

World Health Organization (WHO) has declared Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as global pandemic. According to 2019 data from the National Civil Service Agency (BKN), Indonesia has more than 4.28 million civil servants across the country. President Joko Widodo has urged everyone to stay at home, (including civil servants) and work from home. Working from home for Indonesian civil servants were new practice. None Art or Government Regulations regulates work from home policy before. Work from home policy implemented during COVID-19 pandemic in a bid to crub virus spreadness. Technology and qualified civil servants need to maintain public services from home. Regulations and Standart Operational Procedures (SOP) of work from home policy need to ensuring public interests and services not interrupted during pandemic period.

The elderly and their caregivers are at higher risk from Coronavirus Disease-2019, particularly for elderly with chronic health conditions. To prevent the transmission of the virus, those elderly issued strict physical distance, restricting most interactions between the elderly and their caregivers. On the other side, caregivers can serve as crucial and trusted partners in the elderly's care to curb the spread of the COVID-19 virus. Hence, this study aims to analyze the knowledge, attitudes, practices (KAP), and the role of caregivers in providing services to the elderly during the outbreaks. A descriptive quantitative study was conducted from May to June 2020. The survey was utilizing Google Forms in four cities in Indonesia. A total of 317 out of 400 participants had completed the survey. The knowledge of the COVID-19 score was 79.50%, attitude 92.11%, and practice 90.54%. The caregivers' role in protecting the elderly from COVID's infection was about 98.42%. They could continue their routine activities during physical distancing 84.54%, treated elderly by not going to the hospital (60.04%), not visited any crowded place, wore masks and washed their hand after activity (87.38%). They agreed that government would finally successfully control COVID-19 (90.22%). This study concluded that the knowledge, attitude, practice and role of caregivers on COVID-19 effectively prevents the caregivers neglecting the elderly during the COVID-19 outbreak. Future information on elderly care need to consider not just the risks of the virus, but also the healthy lifestyle.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. While the majority of symptoms and morbidity relate to the lung, cardiac complications have been well reported and confer increased mortality. Many countries in Europe have passed the peak of the pandemic and adaptations are being made as we progress towards a 'new normal'. As part of this, governments have been planning strategies for the return of elite sports. This article summarises the potential implications of COVID-19 for athletes returning to sport, including common cardiac complications of the disease; consensus recommendations for the return to sport after having COVID-19; and international recommendations for the management of cardiac pathology that may occur as a result of COVID-19. The authors also examine the potential overlap of pathology with physiological change seen in athletes' hearts.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. While the majority of symptoms and morbidity relate to the lung, cardiac complications have been well reported and confer increased mortality. Many countries in Europe have passed the peak of the pandemic and adaptations are being made as we progress towards a 'new normal'. As part of this, governments have been planning strategies for the return of elite sports. This article summarises the potential implications of COVID-19 for athletes returning to sport, including common cardiac complications of the disease; consensus recommendations for the return to sport after having COVID-19; and international recommendations for the management of cardiac pathology that may occur as a result of COVID-19. The authors also examine the potential overlap of pathology with physiological change seen in athletes' hearts.

Ever since the first case reported from Wuhan, China, the exponential rise in new cases of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) across the globe, led to the worst pandemic of 21st century. According to WHO, there were 7,355,981 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 416,891 deaths till June 12, 2020.1 COVID-19 is not only a major global health crisis with limited knowledge about the dynamics of the disease, but is a serious threat to the global socio-economic status. At present, there is no cure or vaccine available for COVID-19. The strategy of WHO is to guide all countries to slow down the COVID-19 transmission and to protect their health systems.2 WHO has already issued a strategic plan for preparedness and response regarding COVID-19.3 In Pakistan, the first case of COVID-19 was confirmed on February 26, 2020 and currently there are 125,933 confirmed cases of COVID-19 (including 6,397 new cases during last 24 hours) and 2,463 deaths till June 12,2020.4 Although the Government of Pakistan was able to draft a National Action Plan for COVID-19 in March 2020,5 and took initial positive steps as well but the major flaws in implementation strategy, resulted in failures at multiple stages.6 According to WHO report on 9 June 2020, Pakistan has level-2 (≤40%) preparedness capacity for Covid_19.7 No doubt, that the Covid-19 pandemic is an extraordinary situation and even the world's leading health systems have faced difficulties in coping with the situation. However, looking at the level of preparedness, the capacity of health system of Pakistan was not even ready to be challenged for such pandemic. Probably health ministry had not followed the WHO earlier guidelines issued in 20178 & 20189 regarding influenza risk and impact management as well as capacity building for such pandemic response. It was very likely for Pakistan to get the COVID-19 cases as it shared the borders with China & Iran, countries with very high number of COVID-19 cases and deaths. Pakistan's first-line response of closing borders with China and Iran was a very positive step. Later on, travels restrictions were imposed on all international & national flights, train services and inter-city transport as well. Closing education institutions, public offices, markets and restrictions on religious congregations were the main steps taken by the government. However, overall response of political leadership can be labelled as "confused response".10 Federal and provincial governments were not on the same page regarding complete lock-down, leading to partial lock-down and later on to the controversial "smart lock-down" due to severe economic pressure. Lack of public awareness, "infodemic" of incorrect information, myths, propaganda and conspiracy theories about COVID-19, mishandling the newly diagnosed patients or their families and dealing with dead bodies of COVID-19 patients led to a distorted public response for COVID-19. Government could neither convince the public about maintaining social distancing nor enforce the standard operational procedures suggested for easing the lockdown. This proved to be a disaster, leading to a surge of new cases across the country. WHO's Head of Mission in Pakistan criticised the decision of lifting restrictions in a letter on June 07, 2020 and advised the local authorities to re-impose the lockdown.11 Preparedness for surveillance, investigation and assessment of COVID-19 cases was very low in Pakistan. Daily testing capacity of Pakistan for COVID-19 was 6584/day12 on April 07, 2020 and increased to 16414/day13 on April 28, 2020. However, with over six thousands new cases per day, testing capacity needs to be increased several folds. Other areas of major concern are risk and severity assessment, health services provision & clinical management of severe cases. Government of Pakistan established several quarantine centers in major cities of Pakistan as well as near Pakistan-Iran & Pakistan-Afghan borders to prevent the spread of the disease. Majority of COVID-19 patients with mild to moderate severity were effectively managed in all clinical settings of the country. However, the major issue observed during the clinical management of severe COVID-19 patients was lack of intensive care facilities and high dependency units across the Pakistan. Lack of trained human resources (e.g. intensivists and paramedics), shortage of appropriate medical devices like ventilators, interrupted supply of essential medicines including central oxygen supply, non-availability of important investigations like D-Dimers, CT chest etc. in majority of health-care settings and absence of local guidelines for management of serious patients exposed the existing health-care services provision of Pakistan. Government, however, encouraged the research on covid-19 patients and few clinical trials are in progress. Response of health-care providers for covid-19 was exemplary and despite lacking appropriate personal protective equipment, they served with dedication and professionalism. A very large number of health-care providers contracted COVID-19 during service provision and unfortunately, a significant number of doctors, paramedics and nurses died due to COVID-19. This adversely affected the clinical management and recovery process of the COVID-19 patients. Maintaining the essential services and monitoring of commodity prices is vital in such pandemic situations. Unfortunately, price hikes of essential drugs, petrol and flour crises and economic crises showed poor control and response of government during this critical time. Overall, preparedness and response of Pakistan in anticipating, preventing, detecting, managing and controlling the COVID-19 outbreak was suboptimal. It is highly suggested that government authorities may revisit the national action plan for COVID-19 to identify the gaps and cope with the new challenges. Pakistan needs to increase the share of the nation's Gross Domestic Product on health spending not only to ensure excellence in clinical services but also to strengthen the public health system of Pakistan.

This study examines "The Overview of Parenting Patterns for Slow Learner Children in a Coronavirus Disease 19 Pandemic Situation". The selection of parenting patterns used in caring for slow learner children is indeed very important for the survival of the slow learner child's life. The aspects and factors that exist in this study determine the parenting style of the five subjects. This research uses descriptive qualitative research using data as a tool used to solve the problems that occur. The measuring instrument used is expected to be able to obtain accurate data and be able to dig deeper into other data. The results of this study are the five subjects using democratic parenting as the choice of parenting for slow learner children. The choice of democratic parenting is an effective thing in raising slow learner children. This was proven at the time of the interview and the grouping of the interview results based on the defined concept limits. Cultural factors in this study lead to the parenting pattern used by the subject's parents, until now some have been applied and some have replaced them with new parenting patterns. The factors of parental education in these five subjects are not very influential. Parents with low education still want the best for their children's education later. Socio-economic factors do not really affect the existing parenting. The impact resulting from this parenting pattern is that children tend to become more confident individuals, children are easy to interact and socialize with the environment even though it takes some time for it. However, children become individuals who understand the conditions and circumstances of their parents because their parents often provide understanding in certain situations. During the coronavirus disease 19 pandemic like this, parents are required to be teachers of their respective children, because the implementation of online schools is still valid today. It is hoped that further researchers will be able to provide an effective way for online ...

The coronavirus is a family of viruses that cause different dangerous diseases that lead to death. Two types of this virus have been previously found: SARS-CoV, which causes a severe respiratory syndrome, and MERS-CoV, which causes a respiratory syndrome in the Middle East. The latest coronavirus, originated in the Chinese city of Wuhan, is known as the COVID-19 pandemic. It is a new kind of coronavirus that can harm people and was first discovered in Dec. 2019. According to the statistics of the World Health Organization (WHO), the number of people infected with this serious disease has reached more than seven million people from all over the world. In Iraq, the number of people infected has reached more than twenty-two thousand people until April 2020. In this article, we have applied convolutional neural networks (ConvNets) for the detection of the accuracy of computed tomography (CT) coronavirus images that assist medical staffs in hospitals on categorization chest CT-coronavirus images at an early stage. The ConvNets are able to automatically learn and extract features from the medical image dataset. The objective of this study is to train the GoogleNet ConvNet architecture, using the COVID-CT dataset, to classify 425 CT-coronavirus images. The experimental results show that the validation accuracy of GoogleNet in training the dataset is 82.14% with an elapsed time of 74 minutes and 37 seconds.

Because of its proximity to and frequent travelers to and from China, Taiwan faces complex challenges in preventing coronavirus disease (COVID-19). As soon as China reported the unidentified outbreak to the World Health Organization on December 31, 2019, Taiwan assembled a taskforce and began health checks onboard flights from Wuhan. Taiwan's rapid implementation of disease prevention measures helped detect and isolate the country's first COVID-19 case on January 20, 2020. Laboratories in Taiwan developed 4-hour test kits and isolated 2 strains of the coronavirus before February. Taiwan effectively delayed and contained community transmission by leveraging experience from the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak, prevalent public awareness, a robust public health network, support from healthcare industries, cross-departmental collaborations, and advanced information technology capacity. We analyze use of the National Health Insurance database and critical policy decisions made by Taiwan's government during the first 50 days of the COVID-19 outbreak.

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread very fast worldwide as a pandemic causing unprecedented morbidity and mortality. Most countries in the world have undergone emergency lockdown in an attempt to flatten the curve and reduce the load on healthcare systems. OBJECTIVE: This study was done to assess the knowledge, attitude, and perception toward the disease among the home-bound Indian population during the lockdown. METHODOLOGY: This was a questionnaire-based descriptive cross-sectional study conducted online. Compilation and assessment of the online data in the form of responses were done as for descriptive studies. RESULTS: Among the 320 participants of the study, the awareness about the epidemiological features, including the signs and symptoms of the disease, was very good (more than 99% in some aspects). The attitude toward the measures for prevention of disease at home and outside was also very good (more than 97%) in some aspects, with a scope of improvement in a few others. Only one-third had the knowledge of online (e-consultation) services floated by governments and hospitals for medical advice. Ten percent had the potential to misuse drugs as prophylaxis. Most of the participants perceived that they had no predictable idea about the shape of disease epidemiology in the near future and only hoped for things to get better. CONCLUSION: This study reflects that aggressive awareness drives have played an important role in the dissemination of knowledge and the development of informed positive attitude toward COVID-19. Few gaps in knowledge and practices related to disease epidemiology, safe practices, mobile app for tracking and the availability of e-resources for medical advice, still remain. These should be addressed more aggressively, to strengthen the efforts to overcome this unprecedented crisis.

Extension of SIR type models has been reported in a number of publications in the mathematics community. But little is done on validation of these models to fit adequately with multiple clinical data of an infectious disease. In this paper, we introduce the SEIR-PAD model to assess susceptible, exposed, infected, recovered, super-spreader, asymptomatic infected, and deceased populations. SEIR-PAD model consists of 7-set of ordinary differential equations with 8 unknown coefficients which are solved numerically in MATLAB using an optimization algorithm. Four sets of COVID-19 clinical data consist of cumulative populations of infected, deceased, recovered, and susceptible are used from the start of the outbreak until 23rd June 2020 to fit with SEIR-PAD model results. Results for trends of COVID-19 in GCC countries indicate that the disease may be terminated after 200 to 300 days from the start of the outbreak depends on current measures and policies. SEIR-PAD model provides a robust and strong tool to predict trends of COVID-19 for better management and/or foreseeing effects of certain enforcing laws by governments, health organizations or policy makers.