Suchergebnisse

The research looked at Social Housing organization's (SHO) perspective on energy efficiency retrofit criteria/benefits. Using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) based questionnaire, research looked at importance given by SHO to overall criteria/benefits to energy efficiency. It was found that fuel poverty reduction, tenant health and environmental and climate change issue are given highest importance respectively by SHO while meeting government targets and financial benefit to SHO has been the least priority in comparison. Looking at the consistency line, fuel poverty reduction is given higher importance by SHO although there is inconsistency in importance given whereas financial benefit to the landlord is given lower importance and also has very high inconsistency in importance given. Better understanding SHO ranking on various retrofit benefit will help policy makers to deliver better energy efficiency retrofit incentives/policies. It will also help SHO to make informed decision on their own retrofit project by visualizing and quantifying their own qualitative ranking of various benefit priorities.

The USSR is the largest energy producer and the second largest energy consumer in the world. Its share of global energy reached above 17% in 1988. The Soviet energy system is characterized by low efficiency and high "per capita" energy consumption, although there are some reasons justifying the greater USSR energy use per unit of product output than in other industrialized countries. The present energy savings potential is approximately equal to one-half of the domestic energy consumption. Improvements in energy efficiency at all levels of the national economy are now considered to be the primary goal of national energy policy for the next couple of decades. Being endowed with abundant natural gas resources, the USSR will count on this energy source in the future to improve its energy efficiency, reduce expenses and cope with air pollution. After 2005-2010, stabilized primary energy consumption may be reached or there may even be a decline of total energy use. The USSR could reduce CO2 emissions by 20% by 2030 but with substantial negative impacts on GNP growth. Required improvements in the Soviet energy system depend on changes in energy management, including reduction of the role of centralized planning, decentralization and privatization of energy-producing facilities, energy-price reforms, reshaping of investment patterns, reduction in military expenditures, etc.

The USSR is the largest energy producer and the second largest energy consumer in the world. Its share of global energy reached above 17% in 1988. The Soviet energy system is characterized by low efficiency and high "per capita" energy consumption, although there are some reasons justifying the greater USSR energy use per unit of product output than in other industrialized countries. The present energy savings potential is approximately equal to one-half of the domestic energy consumption. Improvements in energy efficiency at all levels of the national economy are now considered to be the primary goal of national energy policy for the next couple of decades. Being endowed with abundant natural gas resources, the USSR will count on this energy source in the future to improve its energy efficiency, reduce expenses and cope with air pollution. After 2005-2010, stabilized primary energy consumption may be reached or there may even be a decline of total energy use. The USSR could reduce CO2 emissions by 20% by 2030 but with substantial negative impacts on GNP growth. Required improvements in the Soviet energy system depend on changes in energy management, including reduction of the role of centralized planning, decentralization and privatization of energy-producing facilities, energy-price reforms, reshaping of investment patterns, reduction in military expenditures, etc.

Cover -- Guest editorial: Green and energy efficiency finance -- Energy efficiency financing and the role of green bond: policies for post Covid period -- Energy financing in COVID-19: how public supports can benefit? -- The green bond market and its use for energy efficiency finance in Africa -- The impact of green finance and Covid-19 on economic development: capital formation and educational expenditure of ASEAN economies -- The impact of green finance, economic growth and energy usage on CO2 emission in Vietnam â€" a multivariate time series analysis -- Role of green financing and (CSR) in technological innovation and corporate environmental performance: a Covid-19 perspective -- Does green finance matter for sustainable entrepreneurship and environmental corporate social responsibility during COVID-19? -- Investigating the determining factors of sustainable FDI in Vietnam.

Between 1995 and 2011, the population of Alberta increased by roughly 40 per cent, but energy use in the province grew much faster, with a 62 per cent increase over the same period. In the industrial sector, the province's largest energy consumer, demands grew 110 per cent. In mining and oil-and-gas extraction specifically, energy use over that period soared, growing by 355 per cent. That remarkable growth in energy consumption creates a particular challenge for Alberta Premier Alison Redford, who in 2011 ordered her ministers to develop a plan that "would make Alberta the national leader in energy efficiency and sustainability." The province is still waiting. The incentives to become more energy efficient are not particularly strong in Alberta. The province's terrain and size favour larger and less-efficient vehicles. Energy in the province is abundant, so there is little cause for concern over energy security. And energy is relatively affordable, particularly for a population that is more affluent than the Canadian average. There is little pressure on Albertans to radically alter their energy consumption behaviour. Yet, improved energy efficiency could position businesses in Alberta to become even more globally competitive, in addition to leading to improved air quality and public health. And for a province racing to keep up with growing energy demand, effective measures that promote conservation will prove much cheaper than adding yet more expensive infrastructure to the energy network. Many other jurisdictions have already provided examples of methods Alberta could employ to effectively promote energy conservation. First, Alberta must set hard targets for its goals to save energy, and then monitor that progress through transparent accounting, measuring and reporting. The provincial government can also nurture a culture of energy conservation, by formally and publicly recognizing leadership in efficiency improvements in industry and buildings, and by issuing an annual "premier's report card," making public the progress on province-wide efficiency efforts. For a province that continues to enjoy growth in business and population, updated guidelines around new building codes have been proven to improve energy efficiency. And there remains a significant opportunity for Alberta to improve efficiency in its commercial and industrial sectors, the largest users of energy, by providing government incentives to replace ageing equipment with more efficient technology. Alberta is also well suited for a shift toward more combined heat and power generation plants, which can repurpose generated heat that is otherwise wasted, significantly reducing energy demand and costs. And in a province awash in natural gas, incentives to encourage travel using compressed or liquefied natural gas vehicles could serve to boost energy efficiency in the transportation sector as well. Alberta is fortunate in that it has abundant energy and prosperity, making improved energy efficiency a matter of choice, rather than — as in some jurisdictions — one of urgent necessity. It is, however, a choice that Alberta has enough reasons, and resources, to make. All it requires is the will.

This text provides an integrated view of energy systems and urban planning, supported by extensive data, references, and case studies. Dealing mainly with cities in developing nations, the book looks at various energy sources, and the ways they can be integrated for sustainability, affordability, and overall efficiency. It presents case studies to show how concepts of urban energy efficiency are being implemented. It discusses green buildings, urban transportation systems, and explains ways to optimize them from an energy point of view.

In order to reach the EU: s 20–20–20 primary energy savings target, energy efficiency needs to increase. Previous research on energy use and energy efficiency has focused mainly on the diffusion of energy efficient technologies. The discrepancy between optimal and actual implementation of energy efficient technologies has been illustrated in numerous articles and is often referred to as the energy efficiency gap. However, efficient technologies are not the only ways to increase energy efficiency. Empirical studies have found that a cost-effective way to improve energy efficiency is to combine investments in energy-efficient technologies with continuous energy management practices. By including energy management into an estimated energy efficiency potential this paper introduces an extended energy efficiency gap, mainly in manufacturing industries and the commercial sector. The inclusion of energy management components in future energy policy will play an important role if the energy savings targets for 2020, and later 2050, are to be met in the EU.

Shocking increases in the costs of various forms of energy, and shortages of some resources, now cast energy efficiency as an overarching issue in terms of the environment, consumer pricing, employment, and national security. In this commentary, the author calls for the continued development of new technologies, supported by broader governmental policies and programs, to meet growing worldwide energy demands.

Global climate change is one of the most important and complex problem challenging the world community. The impact of the climate change on the nature and human kind will likely be destructive. Even though the international community is aware of consequences, there is still a lack of political on the side of the governments to take the relevant and necessary steps against further climate change. Besides efforts against an increase of CO2 emissions, the development of intelligent energy strategies based on an intelligent mixture of renewable and energy efficiency will answer towards this urgent matter. Turkey enjoys strategic importance with its geopolitical location, as an intersection point between the Asian and European continents and its close proximity to 70% of the world?s energy resources. The location presents a unique opportunity to act as an ?energy corridor and terminal? among the Middle Eastern, Caspian and the Western energy markets. Emission growth rates are expected to rise rapidly due to rising energy demand driven by Turkey?s rapid economic growth, industrialization, steady population growth and the countries reliance on fossil fuels. Unless energy growth is moderated to optimum levels in terms of efficiency on both the supply side and demand side, Turkey may face an energy deficit in the near future. So as to ensure an energy efficient growth trend, careful planning and integration of effective demand side management alternatives are necessary in medium and long term. In recent years, Turkey has started to pay more attention to the benefits of energy efficiency for securing energy supplies to a rapidly growing economy, reducing pollution and easing the burden of energy costs on the economy. This paper focuses on the national and local level of energy efficiency in Turkey. It is analysed the legal frame of any energy efficiency measure in Turkey and the role of possible stakeholders on the local level. The following research questions are to be answered: What is Turkey?s energy efficiency potential? What is the role of energy efficiency in climate change policies in Turkey? Civil society organisations and local administrations are main stakeholders in raising awareness of energy efficiency measures and in the implementation of energy efficiency. Therefore a national strategy that takes this important role of local stakeholders into concern would bear the chance for success.