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Hannah Arendt's conceptualization of judgment may only drive political theorists further from the phenomenon. Throughout her life, Arendt's work on judgment was guided by Kant's thought. Arendt's reading of Kant's work raises two difficulties to which contemporary political scientists should attend. First, Arendt's reading of Kant is a systematic misreading of his texts. Second, Arendt's misreading of Kant pushes her toward a misreading of the phenomenon of judgment. More important, Arendt's misreading has led political theorists to assume a divide between the points of view of the actor and of the spectator, which cannot be reconciled given the resources of Arendt's thought. Adapted from the source document.

Hannah Arendt's writings on the theory of judgment are critiqued, with focus on The Life of the Mind (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich), which was not finished before her death, leaving these issues incompletely addressed. However, drawing on her other works, her conceptual presuppositions of political life are described, & the role of judgment is explored vis-a-vis other mental faculties, eg, will, contemplation, & cognition. Some conclusions that were not made explicit by Arendt, but that can be inferred, are offered & then critiqued, along with a brief examination of her influence on political academic theory. It is concluded that Arendtian theory does not answer basic question about judgment because it does not explain how judgment is related to knowledge. 39 References. C. Grindle

Selective bias is the tendency to interpret information in ways that are consistent with our preconceived notions. If, for example, consumers have different opinions about branded and non-branded versions of certain products, it can also be caused by the fact that they perceive the product differently due to their beliefs about the brand in any way (e.g. previous experience, brand name). With the involvement of several food industry products, I tested the relationship between the brand and perceived taste on two independent groups. During a blind test, I researched whether the favored branded product is really more tastier, and I used the brand test to check the effect of brand awareness on taste.

There will always be early years settings unhappy with the rating they receive from Ofsted. Jo Stephenson looks at the options for appealing the decision and the processes to follow