Suchergebnisse

The capitularies of Carolingian kings and emperors are amongst the most important sources for the governance of the Frankish empire in the eighth and ninth century. They are usually rated as normative texts that convey decisions taken at court, in particular, on legislative, judicial, and administrative matters, across the realm. However, the actual range of these texts is even larger. Topics covered may include the reforming of the church, provisions for the imperial succession, agendas of an upcoming assembly, and private notes or summaries of deliberations at court. All extant capitularies are exclusively transmitted in the context of collections produced locally, most likely by royal agents or office holders. Recent research is increasingly looking beyond the relevance of capitularies for Frankish legal 0history. Instead, new approaches investigate the role of capitularies as flexible tools of governance and as important sources for the communication between the ruler and his elites on practical as well as moral issues.

The optimal length of legislative periods has been debated extensively throughout history. This study examines the applicability of models known from forestry and forest economics for optimizing rotation periods (Faustmann formula) and deciding whether a forest stand has reached maturity (Pressler's 'indicator percent') to the field of politics. After drawing possible analogies between optimizing rotation periods (or investment cycles) and optimizing election periods it is investigated whether empirical evidence exists for the alleged analogies in European democracies.

THE TRANSITIONAL PERIOD IN ERITREA IS DISCUSSED IN THIS ARTICLE. THE ISSUE OF THE COUNTRY'S FUTURE WAS FINALLY SETTLED BY THE REFERENDUM HELD IN APRIL 1993. THE ERITREAN PEOPLES LIBERATION FRONT (EPLF) WAS ANXIOUS TO DEMONSTRATE BEYOND DOUBT THE PEOPLES PREFERENCE FOR INDEPENDENCE, AND TO GUARANTEE INTERNATIONAL RECOGNITION FOR THE NEW SOVEREIGN STATE. THE REFERENDUM WAS WIDELY PARTICIPATED IN, WITH THE RESULT BEING A 99.81 PERCENT "YES". OBTAINED UNDER CLOSE INTERNATIONAL SCRUTINY, IT COULD NOT BE DISPUTED. ERITREA CELEBRATED ITS INDEPENDENCE ON 24 MAY 1993. SHORTLY BEFORE THE PROCLAMATION OF INDEPENDENCE, THE EPLF DECIDED TO EXTEND THE TRANSITIONAL PERIOD UNDER ITS RULE FOR A MAXIMUN OF FOUR YEARS, DURING WHICH TIME THE FRONT WILL PLAY A DECISIVE ROLE IN STATE AFFAIRS.

Was haben eine deutsche Hausfrau, die dänische Kronprinzessin und eine indonesische Fabrikarbeiterin gemeinsam? Sie menstruieren. Zumindest potenziell, denn sie gehören zu jenem Teil der Weltbevölkerung, der einen Zyklus hat. Die sagenumwobene Menstruation, Periode, Erdbeerwoche oder der Besuch von Tante Rosa machen weder Halt vor Herkunft noch vor Religion oder Klasse. Die Menstruation ist eine faszinierende Körperfunktion, dennoch gilt sie häufig als Tabu, was weitreichende Konsequenzen für die Umwelt, Wirtschaft und Geschlechtergleichstellung hat. Also ab in die Tonne mit dem Tabu! Franka Frei zeigt, wie das Menstruationstabu grossen Schaden anrichtet, und dass es höchste Zeit ist, etwas dagegen zu tun. (Verlagstext)

Last-period problems seemingly arise in legislatures when members decide to retire from office; they then can indulge themselves without fear of electoral reprisal. In contrast, we argue that last-period indolence is rarely a problem in legislatures: retiring politicians embrace legislative responsibilities since this is their last opportunity to consume these prerogatives; and the actions of legislators seeking post-elective employment are policed by the stream of future earnings they jeopardize if their actions exhibit indications of looming principal-agent problems. Using a unique data set profiling the post-elective careers of ex-legislators, we find no evidence of last-period laxity in roll-call attendance. Adapted from the source document.

The main topics of this paper are the socialized healthcare system in former Yugoslavia, the changes in the transition period within the society and the healthcare system. We have separately analyzed the factors of the demographic and socioeconomic situation, the usage of the existing capacities within the system, as well as the comparison of the data related to the healthcare system in Serbia versus the EU countries. The analysis presented has pointed to the usual challenges present in the countries in transition as well as the efforts by the Government and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Serbia in the way of numerous national and strategic documents, initiatives and projects in order to improve and sustain the healthcare system.