Suchergebnisse

Front Matter --Copyright Page --Introduction /Mark Gilbert and Daniele Pasquinucci --Euroscepticism and European Integration: A Historical Appraisal /Antonio Varsori --Exploring the Long-Term and Short-Term Causes of Euroscepticism: The Roots of French Opposition to European Integration /Emmanuelle Reungoat --Beyond Euroscepticism: Italian Criticism of European Integration /Daniele Pasquinucci --Contesting Europe: German Opposition to European Integration in Historical Perspective /Gabriele D'Ottavio --Dutch Europhilia: A Deviation from a Long-standing Eurosceptic Tradition? /Hans Vollaard --The Intellectual Origins of Brexit: Enoch Powell, Douglas Jay and the British Dissenting Tradition /Mark Gilbert --Danish Euroscepticism and Its Changing Faces/Phases, 1945–2018 /Thorsten Borring Olesen --Backdoor Colonialism or Anchor of Modernity? A Short History of Ideas about European Integration within the Greek Left /Kira Gartzou-Katsouyanni --The Historical Roots of Euroscepticism in Poland /Simona Guerra --The Scepticism of a Latecomer: Modern Czech Views of Europe /Adéla Gjuričová --Failing the European Rorschach Test? European Integration and Euroscepticisms /Paul Taggart --Back Matter --Index.

Perubahan sosial dan politik terhadap revolusi industri keempat adalah kondisi yang sulit dihindari oleh masyarakat di dunia ini. Selain dimungkinkan untuk mengkarakterisasi oleh digitalisasi, Artificial Intelligence dan machine learning, perubahan-perubahan ini akan terlihat jelas dalam robotika, 3D-Printers, nanoteknologi dan bioteknologi, dan sebagainya. Hal ini bukan hanya mengenai perubahan teknologi tetapi juga seberapa dalam dan cepat perubahannya akan dikembangkan. Mereka akan mengganggu karena integrasi pengetahuan dan disiplin ilmu adalah hasil dari ekosistem baru yang diciptakan oleh dampak dari Artificial Intelligence. Oleh karena itu, Pemerintah harus menyediakan akses ke teknologi agar lebih banyak warga menikmati manfaat dari standar teknologi baru dan masyarakat global. Saat ini, lebih dari 30% orang di dunia menggunakan layanan media sosial untuk berkomunikasi dan menemukan informasi di dunia. Banyak inovasi telah dapat menciptakan perubahan global yang nyata. Mereka membawa akses kepada produk dan layanan ke pasar yang sama sekali baru. Mereka juga memberi orang kesempatan untuk belajar dan menghasilkan dengan cara baru, dan mereka memberikan identitas baru kepada orangorang karena mereka melihat potensi untuk diri mereka sendiri yang sebelumnya tidak tersedia. Oleh karena itu, kehadiran buku ini diharapkan dapat memberikan sumbangan pemikiran atau gagasan konstruktif untuk menjadikan masyarakat yang lebih maju baik secara kapasitas dalam menggunakan teknologi maupun ekonomi sebagai salah satu perwujudan dari cita cita bangsa menuju masyarakat adil dan makmur.

October 3 this year Germany celebrated the 32nd anniversary of the unification of the two German states. Three decades after the historic events of 1990, the state faced a number of extremely difficult economic and political problems, which escalated significantly in the fall of 2022. The large-scale measures taken in the first half of the year to support business and the population turned out to be insufficient to solve them. Inflation in September reached 10%, the German economy was on the verge of recession. In autumn, the government was forced to nationalize the leading gas importer Uniper SE, provide state support to the energy company Verbundnetz Gas AG, cancel the planned special surcharge on the price of gas, extend the operation of the nuclear power plant, accept a third aid package, and create a special economic fund of 200 billion euros, which caused a sharp criticism of the leadership of a number of EU countries. The development and discussion of anti-crisis tools reflected the existing disagreements and conflict potential of the «traffic light» coalition. Against this background, there was a further aggravation of German-Russian relations in the oil and gas sector. The author analyzes the content and possible effectiveness of the autumn anticrisis measures of the government, pays special attention to state intervention in the activities of the main players in the German energy market.

Background: Women's and men's health outcomes are different. Some differences are biological, related to male and female sex, while others are related to their gender. Sex- and gender-related issues require different solutions, but policy makers lack straightforward heuristic strategies to identify gender-related health inequities. Methods: Using 169 causes of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from the 2017 Global Burden of Disease, we calculated the female-to-male (f:m) and male-to-female (m:f) ratios of global DALYs, rank-ordered the ratios by size and calculated the proportion of all-cause DALYs that each cause explained, separately for males and females 15-49 years old. Gender-related vs sex-related causes were categorised using literature on the drivers for the 15 causes with highest f:m and m:f ratios. Results: Causes of DALYs with high m:f ratios appear to be gendered and include: road injuries, interpersonal violence, and drowning - totaling 12.4% of men's (15-49 years) all-cause DALYs. However, causes of DALYs with high f:m ratios are more likely a mix of sex-related and gender-related factors - including headache disorders, depressive disorders, and dietary iron deficiency - totaling 13.4% of women's (15-49 years) all-cause DALYs. Ratios vary by age, geography and Socio-demographic Index. Conclusions: Gender-related vs sex-related causes were categorised using available literature on the drivers for selected causes, illustrating that sex-disaggregated data represents a mix of social and biological influences. This analysis offers a model that policy makers can use to uncover potential gender inequalities in health, including intersections with other social factors. From it, new challenges emerge for global health policy makers and practitioners willing to address them. Global health actors will need to achieve a balance between the two agendas of global health and gender equality.

Ecology and Revolution: Global Crisis and the Political Challenge is an in-depth exploration and analysis of the global ecological crisis (going far beyond the issue of global warming) in the larger context of historical conditions and political options shaped by the failure (and incapacity) of the existing political system to adequately confront the crisis.

This paper examines the Nigerian economy and the tendency for its growth in the face of several socio-political challenges facing the country, which have hampered the rate of economic development in spite of the tremendous human and material resources inherent. The paper identifies the socio-political challenges to include corruption, poverty, unemployment, insecurity, politics and governance, among others. The central argument of the paper is that steady economic growth can be achieved and financial crisis mitigated in Nigeria, if the effects of socio-political challenges, which are the key factors that have contributed to the high poverty, unemployment and economic instability in the country, are minimised. To ensure economic growth and move the country forward politically and economically, government must be more accountable in managing the nation's resources in order to avoid wastage, poverty and unemployment. Close attention should be given to those socio-political challenges in the formulation of policies that aimed at maintaining economic growth at a level commensurate with the country's growth rate. This study put forward that government must be proactive in all issues relating to the socio-political challenges to prevent resource mismanagement, poverty, unemployment, insecurity and slow economic growth in future.

"The following two sections outline the specific factors of success in development observed since the 1990s in the BRICS countries and elicit the political challenges and need for reform in each. The sections under 'Measuring Governance' discuss the theory of good governance and briefly introduce the SGI as an innovative instrument for empirically based research on governance. 'The 'BRICS' Governance Capacities in Cross-National Comparison' examines characteristics of governance in the BRICS empirically on the basis of this instrument. The final sections highlight key conclusions yielded by the comparative analysis." (contract)

The political consequences of post-war migration to Western Europe of political refugees and migrant workers are examined in terms of their impact on the concept of membership of West European states and the rise of racism in some European countries. Argues that permanent settlement has taken place and that positive political steps should be taken to suppress racism and to recognise that political refugees and migrant workers are members of their countries of residence. (Abstract amended)

Abstract. The political consequences of post‐war migration to Western Europe of political refugees and migrant workers are examined in terms of their impact on the concept of membership of West European states and the rise of racism in some European countries. It is argued that permanent settlement has taken place and that positive political steps should be taken to suppress racism and to recognise that political refugees and migrant workers are members of their countries of residence. West European countries should thus facilitate political integration by easing naturalisation procedures, recognising dual nationality and allowing long‐term residents, who do not wish to naturalise, to participate, at least in local decision‐making. The second generation, often born in Western Europe, should have the automatic right, if they so wish, to citizenship in the country of their birth and residence.

Since 2015 migration crisis is one of the most important topic on European Union Agenda. Migration is no longer a common phenomenon, like it use to be, since refugees from Syria were assaulting Mediterranean border and they were coming with different cultural patterns, a lot of sadness, a lot of hope, too, and a lot of insecurity in the same time. It is so convenient to discuss about migration challenges, but it is very difficult to sustain what issue is more important than another. We argue here that two main topics are very important to our debate: one which can be consider as idealistic, represented by the aim of respecting the human fundamental rights and the other one which can be consider as being pragmatic, included in the different perspective of the state regulations. What are the main challenges of the migration crisis? We may treat it in a good - bad dichotomous discourse? We may analyse it as a common phenomenon with specific figures to refugee situation? We may integrate migration in the discourse of populist parties? considering that in the last decade far right political parties have re-entered in the political arena with an increasing support among population. In order to have a better understanding of this actuals challenges of migration crisis, we think that it's important to give some answers to each of this questions.
Keywords: migration crisis, European Union, challenges