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What constitutes lesbian identity?The term homonormativity describes current prevailing idealized assumptions about lesbian identity. This concept, however, marginalizes subgroups within the greater lesbian population. Challenging Lesbian Norms: Intersex, Transgender, Intersectional, and Queer Perspectives dynamically confronts homonormativity in lesbian communities by presenting expert multidisciplinary discussion about what is a definable lesbian identity. This text sensitively explores difficult issues about gender policing and the viewpoints in lesbian communities that hold that transgende

This interdisciplinary text examines the lack of transgender inclusion in Western classical music, especially through the lens of opera. By looking at the dearth of transgender characters, singers, and composers, as well as the author's personal experiences as a transgender singer in classical spaces, this project develops a strong position on ways that Western classical music should work to incorporate transgender voices, both literally and figuratively. Some of these methods are modeled in this thesis, such as consultations with other transgender artists, transgeneric devising, and trans-centric composing. The author worked with local transgender singers to understand their views on opera, and from those sessions composed three arias for transgender voices, which are presented here. These arias are embedded self-reflexively in a performative document that embraces several different writing contexts, such as epic poetry, diaries, Socratic dialogues, legislation, and course writing.

1. Feminist embattlement on the field of trans -- 2. Revaluing gender diversity beyond the TS/TG hierarchy -- 3. Desire and the "(un)becoming other" : the question of intelligibility -- 4. Risking the unfamiliar : psychic complexity in theories of transsexual embodiment -- 5. Still not in our genes : theorizing complex bodies.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 BACKGROUND AND HISTORY -- Introduction -- Basic Definitions -- Sex -- Gender -- Sexual Differentiation in Humans -- Disorders of Sexual Development -- Intersex in History -- Puberty -- Gender Development -- Transgenderism -- Normal and Natural -- Transgenderism in History -- Transgenderism Today -- Gender Roles -- Gender Roles in Human Civilization -- The Rise of Feminism -- Gender Inequality Today -- Affectional Orientation -- Legal Prohibitions on Same-Sex Acts in the United States -- Civil Rights for LGBT Individuals -- Attitudes toward Same-Sex Behaviors in the United States -- The Range of Human Affectional Expression -- Conclusion -- References -- 2 PROBLEMS, ISSUES, AND SOLUTIONS -- Introduction -- Transgender Discrimination -- LGBT Discrimination -- Sex Education -- Gender Dysphoria -- Gender Testing in Athletics -- Gender Inequality -- Politics -- Employment -- Body Image -- Conclusion -- References -- 3 PERSPECTIVES -- Introduction -- Come Out! Come Out!": A Battle Cry for Change -- Intersex Human Rights Abuse -- Feminisms Coming and Going -- Bringing Feelings to the Diagnostic Criteria of Gender Dysphoria -- Intersex: Beyond the Sex Binary -- Living with Gender Dysphoria -- Feminism: Where We've Been and Where We're Going -- Sexual Reassignment Surgery: History and Controversy -- Gender on a Faceless Internet -- 4 PROFILES -- Introduction -- Accord Alliance -- American Association of University Women -- Harry Benjamin (1885-1986) -- Mary Calderone (1904-1998) -- Roberta Cowell (1918-2011) -- Simone de Beauvoir (1908-1986) -- dsdfamilies -- Elagabalus (203/204-222) -- Gender Spectrum -- GLBTQ Legal Advocates & Defenders -- Magnus Hirschfeld (1868-1935) -- Joan of Arc (1412-1431) -- Franklin Kameny (1925-2011) -- Alfred Kinsey (1894-1956) -- Phyllis Lyon (1924-).

The first volume extensively to document the feelings and experiences of autogynephilic male-to-female transsexuals in their own words, this work offers a compelling and novel theoretical perspective on one of the most challenging topics in sexual psychology.