Suchergebnisse

The commentary by Marek Dabrowski on what Arab countries can learn from the post-communist transition of the early 1990s, after the political uprisings against the authoritarian regimes in the Arab world.

Drawing on contributions from various disciplines, this up to date collection analyses Romania's experiences of the transition from the harsh realities of the Ceausescu dictatorship to the uncertainties of the efforts to consolidate democracy and introduce a market economy. With its focus on Romania's progress in coming to terms with the legacy of its communist past, the realities of pluralism, the introduction of a market economy and the challenge of European integration, the volume will be key reading for academics, students and practitioners interested in transition and Romania.

Similar to Poland, Hungary also experienced a peaceful transition from communism to democracy and market economy. The Hungarian Round Table Talks were organized in 1989, following the successful Polish model. While the Round Table Talks were similarly crucial in Hungary and in Poland in paving the way for institutional and political changes, and concluded in a very successful manner for the opposition parties, conspiracy theories similar to those seen in Poland (see Soral and Kofta in this issue) are proliferating in Hungary as well. The article argues that the rejection of the "compromises" around the transition is due to the very nature of populism: it likes black-and-white, Manichean logic. This article briefly introduces the process of the Round Table Talks and summarizes the literature's findings on the general social psychological impacts of the transitions. Transitions always provide fertile ground for conspiracy theorizing as they are unexpected even with widespread consequences that fall beyond the control of most members of a society. But in Hungary, these conspiracy theories have been politically exploited in order to fuel discontent towards the democratic institutions - and in this way, they were instrumental in the "second transition", the illiberal de-democratization after 2010. ; peerReviewed ; publishedVersion

Tandis que l'intégration à l'Union Européenne semble se négocier au niveau politique et macro-économique, les migrations économiques temporaires des Roumains de classe moyenne, qui s'opèrent souvent, en Occident, en marge de la légalité, apparaissent comme un obstacle que la Roumanie doit parvenir à maîtriser pour figurer parmi les « bons élèves » de l'UE. Pourtant, au-delà du rôle perturbateur souvent perçu par les décideurs, on postule ici que, à travers leur expérience transnationale, ces migrants-circulants jettent des ponts entre l'Est et l'Ouest de l'Europe et contribuent, à leur niveau, à l'évolution de la Roumanie vers un nouveau modèle socio-économique.