Suchergebnisse

12 pages ; International audience ; Since few decades, the politicians' analysis used the prosopographical method. Thanks to the social networks' analysis assets, concerning a long period (1800-1940) we bring the proofs, that the Third French Republic (1871-1940) hasn't been the theatre of a renewal of local and national political elites. Therefore, we have taken reference from the concept of Sippe created by medieval historians. Our research is a new and integral analysis from the French local politicians in a local and electoral space. The most convincing results, stemming from this method of analysis, are little of renewal of the political elite under the Third Republic and the importance of the seizure of the local politics. Indeed, the local and departmental political space is put under guardianship by some allied families from which we can bring out a departmental Sippe which controls a great majority of seats and mandates within the framework of this republican system and leaning on a family tradition anchored for a long time. That's why we can highlight a dichotomy between the spirit, the letter and the reality of the republican and democratic political space; this one opens the multitude of candidates' possibilities but the reality of this opening is really tiny. The objective of our communication thus is to emphasize both the method used in this research and the main obtained results.

12 pages ; International audience ; Since few decades, the politicians' analysis used the prosopographical method. Thanks to the social networks' analysis assets, concerning a long period (1800-1940) we bring the proofs, that the Third French Republic (1871-1940) hasn't been the theatre of a renewal of local and national political elites. Therefore, we have taken reference from the concept of Sippe created by medieval historians. Our research is a new and integral analysis from the French local politicians in a local and electoral space. The most convincing results, stemming from this method of analysis, are little of renewal of the political elite under the Third Republic and the importance of the seizure of the local politics. Indeed, the local and departmental political space is put under guardianship by some allied families from which we can bring out a departmental Sippe which controls a great majority of seats and mandates within the framework of this republican system and leaning on a family tradition anchored for a long time. That's why we can highlight a dichotomy between the spirit, the letter and the reality of the republican and democratic political space; this one opens the multitude of candidates' possibilities but the reality of this opening is really tiny. The objective of our communication thus is to emphasize both the method used in this research and the main obtained results.

Preliminary Material -- One Text–Different Meanings?: The Notification on Jacques Dupuis in the Light of the Second Vatican Council /Sigrid Rettenbacher -- Sifting the Qur'an: Two Forms of Interreligious Hermeneutics in Nicholas of Cusa /Pim Valkenberg -- An Exposition and Defence of Jayanta Bhatta's Inclusivism /David Slakter -- Scriptural Reasoning and Interfaith Hermeneutics /Nicholas Adams -- Scriptural Reasoning: A Feminist Response /Helene Egnell -- Scriptural Reasoning or Symbiosis: Can an Asian Paradigm Have a Message for Europe? /Elizabeth J. Harris -- Towards an Interreligious Hermeneutic of Scripture: Problems and Possibilities /Magdalen Lambkin -- Comparative Theology–As Theology /Francis X. Clooney -- Entitled to Understand: A Critical Look at Comparative Theology /Albertina Nugteren -- Comparative Theology in Search of a Hermeneutical Framework /Marianne Moyaert -- Confessional and Comparative Theology: Counterparts or Complements? /Hendrik Rungelrath -- Guanyin, Queer Theology, and Subversive Religiosity: An Experiment in Interreligious Theology /Paul Hedges -- What is Comparative Theology? /Ulrich Winkler -- European Islamic Gender Discourses /Anne Sofie Roald -- The Forbidden Fruit for the New Eve: The Christian Right's Adaptation to the (Post)Modern World /Susanne Scholz -- Interreligious Learning: The Shaping of Interreligious Identity in Pluralistic Europe /Martin Rötting -- Interreligious Hermeneutics and the Ethical Critique of the Scriptures? /Oddbjørn Leirvik -- Polemical Revival: Attacking the Other's Texts /John Chesworth -- On the Communication of Sacred Texts: Intercultural Comparison or Intercultural Encounter /Andreas Nehring -- Culture/s as a Theological Challenge: Towards a Systematic Approach to Intercultural Theology /Judith Gruber -- Double Commitment: or The Case for Religious Mestizaje (Creolization)? /Xavier Gravend-Tirole -- Index of Subjects -- Contributors.

Civil War in Central Europe argues that Polish independence after the First World War was forged in the fires of the post-war conflicts which should be collectively referred to as the Central European Civil War (1918-1921). The ensuing violence forced those living in European border regions to decide on their national identity - German or Polish

In view of the fact that the majority of learners terminate their study of history at the end of the General Education and Training phase (Grade 9), active steps should be taken by history practitioners and important role-players to prevent the subject from becoming extinct in government schools. It is no longer sufficient justification to say, for example, that some learners enjoy history or that educators are now using an unparalleled variety of methods. There is a need for an adequate and effective promotional strategy to "sell" history in government schools. It must not only convince adult sceptics, whether inside or outside the staff room, but also give learners at the end of the General Education and Training phase reasons to consider choosing to study history in the Further Education and Training phase (Grades 10 to 12).

Oral history as a technique for historical documentation was initiated in the North. It has been recognised as an academic discipline in the United States, England, Germany, Spain and Canada for more than half a century. But it is as relevant in developing countries, as was shown by the number of delegates from the South at the thirteenth conference of the International Oral History Society in Rome in June 2004. Oral history has been practised in South Africa since the late 1970s. With the advent of democracy, however, new categories of oral history practitioners, new types of projects and new methodologies appeared. My purpose here is to assess and to comment upon these practices and methodologies. To what extent do they differ from those in use in the rest of the world? Is there a (South) African way of doing oral history?