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In this paper, we use a qualitative reflexive approach to understand the dynamics of Chinese migrant perceptions of Africans upon arrival in Africa and the changes in their views upon returning to China. The research is based on in-depth, semi-structured field interviews with Chinese workers and managers in Mozambique and South Africa, as well as interviews with returning migrants to China, carried out in Beijing. Thus, we are able to gauge the learning experience that occurs and how the underlying Confucian philosophy that has been embraced by the Chinese polity manifests such changes in perception. The research suggests that there is a positive learning process which occurs through the migrants&rsquo ; experience and underlying racial stereotypes of Chinese regarding Africans are eroded. Confucian framing of China&rsquo ; s role in Africa is also mitigated towards a more hybridized view of African cultures and societies that reflects to adaptive propensities of contemporary Chinese society.

Already in 17th century, Ph. Couplet (1623–1693) used Ciceronian terminology to interprete the texts of Confucian philosophy, including that of Mencius (372–289 BCE), an important philosopher especially in terms of understanding Chinese ethics and morals. This paper attempts to read Mencius' political term "empire" in the context of political philosophy. The paper observes Mencius's political idea with help of that of Cicero. For this, it demostrates how and why Mencius introduces the ren as a principle of Kingship and the building of Empire. According to him, the ren is a core principle in operating the empire that was formulated with the tianxia ("all-under-heaven"). However, the ren is an ambivalent concept. On one side, the ren is a universal value that stands fundamentally against violence. On the other side, historically to see, the ren was an imperial ideology, because as a part of the "all-under-heaven" policy represented by Mencius was de facto nothing but a regional hegemon.

Already in 17th century, Ph. Couplet (1623–1693) used Ciceronian terminology to interprete the texts of Confucian philosophy, including that of Mencius (372–289 BCE), an important philosopher especially in terms of understanding Chinese ethics and morals. This paper attempts to read Mencius' political term "empire" in the context of political philosophy. The paper observes Mencius's political idea with help of that of Cicero. For this, it demostrates how and why Mencius introduces the ren as a principle of Kingship and the building of Empire. According to him, the ren is a core principle in operating the empire that was formulated with the tianxia ("all-under-heaven"). However, the ren is an ambivalent concept. On one side, the ren is a universal value that stands fundamentally against violence. On the other side, historically to see, the ren was an imperial ideology, because as a part of the "all-under-heaven" policy represented by Mencius was de facto nothing but a regional hegemon.

Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Editor and Contributors -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- 1 Introduction: Economic Performance and Background of the Mao Era -- 1.1 Reality of the Economic Growth of the Mao Era1 -- 1.2 Structural Changes -- 1.2.1 Changes in the Industrial Structure -- 1.2.2 Changes in the Employment Structure -- 1.2.3 Changes in the Regional Structure -- 1.2.4 Changes in the Growth Structure -- 1.2.5 Price Fluctuations and Economic Changes -- 1.2.6 Infrastructure Construction -- 1.2.7 Medical Care and Education -- 1.2.8 Trade Dependence -- 1.3 Mechanisms of Growth and Structural Changes -- 1.3.1 Preobrazhensky Model -- 1.3.2 Heavy Industry-Oriented Development Model -- 1.3.3 Self-reliance Model -- 1.3.4 Politics-in-Command Model -- 1.4 Institutional and Policy Context -- 1.4.1 New Democracy Period (1949-1953) -- 1.4.2 The Period of Socialist Transformations (1953-1957) -- 1.4.3 The Great Leap Farward Period (1958-1961) -- 1.4.4 Adjustment Period (1962-1965) -- 1.4.5 The Cultural Revolution Period (1966-1976) -- Notes -- References -- 2 Mao Zedong's Political Economics and Deng Xiaoping's Economics -- 2.1 Characteristics of Mao Zedong's Political Economics -- 2.1.1 Mao's Economic Thought and Philosophy -- 2.1.2 Economic Institutions -- 2.1.3 Macroeconomic Policies -- 2.2 Mao's Economic Goals -- 2.3 Deng Xiaoping's Economics -- Notes -- References -- 3 From "New Democracy" to "Socialist Transformation": Bankers and Commercial Associations in 1950s Chongqing -- 3.1 The CCP's Policy of Urban Expropriation: "Jieshou" and "Guanli" in Early PRC -- 3.1.1 The Opportunity of Establishing a System for Urban Expropriation -- 3.1.2 Providing a System of Urban Expropriation -- 3.2 Establishing the Preparatory Committee of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry.

"This book employs multiple case studies to explore how the Chinese communist revolution began as an ideology-oriented intellectual movement aimed at improving society before China's transformation into a state that suppresses dissenting voices by outsourcing its power of coercion and incarceration. Illustrating the continuity of the Chinese revolution and past decades' socialist practices and mechanisms, this study is an ideal resource for scholars of Chinese history, politics, and twentieth-century revolutions"--

Two deaf American student-teaching M.A. candidates did an internship at a school for the Deaf in China. This was the first such internship ever done in China. Critical procedures for establishing international internships are described; cultural and educational experiences and the accommodations made to guarantee the success of such internships are analyzed, including issues related to communication modality, educational philosophy, expectations for deaf learners, and teaching methods. The views of both interns, and those of two teacher educators, one American and one Chinese, are included.

The concepts of Minben , Minbensixiang , and Minbenzhuyi are rather popular in current Chinese discourse. However, "Minben" was hardly found in Chinese ancient literature as a noun. Around the year of 1916, "Minbenzhuyi" became
widely accepted in Japanese intellectual circles, interpreted as one of the Japanese versions of democracy. In 1917, "Minbenzhuyi" was transferred to China as a loanword by Li Dazhao and developed into one of the Chinese definitions of democracy. Nevertheless, Chen Duxiu
questioned the meaning of the term in 1919. It was not until 1922 did Liang Qichao bring Minbenzhuyi back into Chinese context and conduct a systematic analysis, which had a lasting impact on Chinese intellectual community. In the following 20 years, Minbenzhuyi was largely accepted
in two different senses: 1) interpreted as Chinese definition of democracy; 2) specifically refers to the Confucian idea of "Minshiminting and Minguijunqing (;, ) Gradually, it became evident that Minbenzhuyi in China had grown distant from the meaning of democracy
and returned to its traditional Confucian values.

The development of contemporary China is in a unique situation in which non‐linear system behaviors stem from complex interactions among elements, structure, function and environment of the Chinese social system. One of the important features of this complex situation is the unpredictability of system evolution at the edge of chaos. A fundamental dilemma for the Chinese social system in transition is how to build an appropriate management paradigm to adapt to this complex situation. Endeavours to transplant the 'linear ideal model' from Western society failed, and the 'Simple Development Paradigm', which once dominated Chinese society, is now in deep crisis. The serious environmental problems derived from these endeavours force China to build a new approach related to 'green' development. In this paper, process philosophy will be shown to provide us with tools for enlightening thought in building a paradigm to adapt to this complex situation. First, ontologically speaking, process philosophy helps us to understand interactions between human activity systems and natural systems from the perspective of time–space–matter relationship. Second, epistemologically speaking, process philosophy emphasizes the construction of 'organismic' knowledge at the level of a living community. Third, methodologically speaking, process philosophy attempts to rebuild a coexistence relationship between human activity systems and natural systems with a 'prehension' methodology. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Abstract: In "World Literature, Industrialization, and the Two Faces of Contemporary Chinese Science Fiction" Yiping Wang discusses contemporary Chinese science fiction against the backdrop of the influence of world literature and the development of industrialization
in China. Wang argues that two sides represented respectively by Liu Cixin and Han Song constitute the feature of contemporary Chinese science fiction. The side characterized by the works of Liu Cixin is the close connection with world science fiction and the positive attitude and consistency
with technological innovation and industrialization in China while the other side has Han Song as its representative, whose works, with similarities to high literature of world canons and the mainstream Chinese literature, reflect on the development of technology and industrialization focusing
on individuals and disasters in the shadow of modernization. These two sides join together in the illustration of the basic image of science fiction in contemporary Chinese literature. By absorbing the essence of world literature and echoing the concerns of the nation, contemporary Chinese
science fiction surmounts the hierarchy of literary genres and make its way into the active center of world literature.

This essay solders together a historical case study of advertising on the China mainland in the early twentieth century with a series of generalizable appraisals and determinations to establish how the catachresis woman is evental. The event of women emerged historically in part because commercial advertising alleges that it did, and in part because at roughly the same time a subjective claim—"I am a woman"—began to be voiced. Although registered orthographically, woman 女性 is not simply a rhetorical category or a natural fact; it is not the effect of abyssal sex difference or an array of performatively accreted social subjects. It is a historical novelty. This essay universalizes a case rooted in Chinese- and Japanese-language archives and historical specificities, particularly the international advertising ephemera that presents a multiple (Badiou's language for a set or "context") or site where a historical event could have erupted and, in this case, did erupt. Ephemera are useful in historical analysis, as Walter Benjamin suggested a century ago, because historical events lie immanent in detritus as potential dialectical images, which the determined historian can extricate. Reading Badiou's philosophy creatively, the essay makes the case that women or woman is an emergent, historical, modern, and universal truth; direct critique of Badiou also drives home the point that philosophy (or "theory") is vulnerable to history and that historically, factually, actually, and in truth, women and feminism are foundations of modernity no matter how modernity is qualified.

This thesis explores the impact of housing rights jurisprudence on Chinese legal and policy frameworks in the housing sector, examines the key related issues, and assesses whether current practices are in line with international best practice. The thesis considers three major questions, viz. 1 What are housing rights? 2 What is the significance of housing rights in the Chinese context? 3 Given the features and nature of housing rights, and China's transitional societal background, how could housing rights be implemented? By looking at the jurisprudence and jurisprudential development of housing rights in international law and related humanitarian jurisprudence, this thesis proposes a three-layer framework of housing rights, which encompasses property and resource dimensions. While the property dimension requires the state to refrain from interfering in property interest in housing, the resource dimension establishes a set of principles for directing governmental duties in utilizing and redistributing resources. The governments should enable equal and equitable access to housing and housing-related resources, and ensure housing development is a human-centered, sustainability-oriented process. China is a transitional society, where the Constitution shows a trend towards strengthening property rights protection, but institutional constraints on property rights remain. There are also transformative schemes in the housing sector that take the form of land reform and public housing programs. An overview of the housing regime in China identifies three primary limitations: an incoherent legal framework of Chinese takings law related to the property dimension of housing rights; problems with equal and equitable access to land resource as reflected by the urban-rural divide in the land tenure system; and the lack of a sustainability vision in public housing development. It is, therefore, argued that implementing housing rights involves enshrining values and principles related to housing rights in the domestic constitution. This can take the form of reinterpreting the Chinese constitutional property according to the three-layer framework of housing rights. Such a reinterpretation sheds further light on how to resolve the key issues in the current housing regime. This study concludes that housing rights require Chinese constitutional property to strike a balance between protecting existing property-holdings and the transformative schemes in the housing sector. For the property dimension of Chinese constitutional property, housing rights help to construct a coherent jurisprudence for Chinese takings law. The resource dimension of housing rights serves as an assessment tool for the policy framework to guide both the utilization and redistribution of land resources and the development of public housing programs. This facilitates the legal and policy framework in the housing sector to be informed by humanitarian jurisprudence and be in line with international best practice. The pioneering nature of this thesis lies in its exploration of humanitarian jurisprudence which is new to Chinese constitutional reasoning, and the extension of jurisprudential discussion of housing rights to public policy formulation. It is also innovative in proposing the three-layer framework of housing rights. Some of the findings from the discussion of international jurisprudence may be extended not only to the Chinese setting but also to other transitional economies which face similar housing issues and concerns in their policy-making. ; published_or_final_version ; Real Estate and Construction ; Doctoral ; Doctor of Philosophy

1. The Platonic Triad and Its Chinese Counterpart -- 2. Ontological Realism under Fire -- 3. The Return of the Subject(s) -- 4. The Peircean Trichotomy -- 5. The Poetic Logic -- 6. Metaphor and Culture -- 7. Myth Making and Its Socio-Economic Functions