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"Offering a comprehensive classification of the analytical approaches to the social within the fields of innovation and entrepreneurship studies, this book showcases a wide variety of perspectives and a collection of theoretical analysis tackling social complexity. The editors bring together contributors who mirror the heterogeneity present in the innovation and entrepreneurship fields, aiming to spark a discussion on the pluralist and critical nature of the social dimension within research, and to examine societal transformation processes and their attending multifaceted issues. Exploring how the social is analytically understood in innovation and entrepreneurship studies, the book proposes a non-exhaustive spectrum ranging from implicit assumption to explicit conceptualization in defining methodological foundations. Discussing the social and methodological challenges involved in the integration of social dimensions, this book will be a crucial companion for innovation and entrepreneurship scholars and students. This book is also a must-read for policy-makers and practitioners involved in societal transformation processes"--

The paper is devoted to analysis of the EU cohesion policy, assessment of its elaboration and implementation to decrease regional disproportions in the EU member states and regions. There is a focus on modern instruments of assistance under the pandemic as a reaction to social and economic challenges. The cohesion reports of the European Commission are discussed. Econometric analysis provided an evidence for efficiency of the cohesion policy at the NUTS-2 and NUTS-1 regions level. Conclusions on its effects on economic structure and development of the regions are provided. The most vulnerable types of regions and industries are determined. Assistance from the European structural and investment funds in some areas was stabilizing instrument, which smoothed recession under the pandemic.

The paper is regarding the concept of intraregional administrative and territorial division. Deficit ofattention from social and economic geography research school (regional branch) to theoretical aspects ofadministrative zoning led to replacement of administrative and territorial units with municipal entities.Theoretical foundation of research included provisions of regional and institutional economics; interdisciplinaryapproach was used. Research methods included cartography, zoning, typology and modeling.At the first stage, authors singled out theoretical approaches to defining the concept under research. The second stage was the analysis of administrative and territorial division definition from the position ofregional legislation. The terminology was systemized, Russian regions divided into four groups dependingon applied theoretical approaches. At the third stage, authors constructed a semantic model foreach group of regions. The model included generic components (distinguishing administrative divisionfrom other types of zoning), category features (determining the types of administrative zoning), andadditional characteristics (referring to principles of territorial division). Semantic model was adjustedfor application in regional economy and administration. Generic components of the semantic model(determined and generalized for the first time) allowed formulating a new definition. According to this,administrative and territorial division of a region is legally established territorial division into interrelatedsubordinated units, on the basis of which territorial organization of governing entities' activity iscarried out. Based on category components, the authors carried out classification of administrative zoninginto general and departmental (depending on types of authorities), as well as of classification oflevels of government (national, subnational and local). The new definition of administrative and territorialdivision can provide the basis for forming new strategies for spatial development of regions, aswell as for linking sector strategic planning with territorial strategic planning ; Постановка проблемы. Статья посвящена понятию внутрирегионального административно-территориального деления. Недостаточное внимание районной школы социально-экономическойгеографии к теоретическим аспектам административного районирования привело к тому, что напрактике вместо административно-территориальных единиц используются муниципальные обра-зования. Методологическая база. Теоретическую базу исследования составили положения регио-нальной и институциональной экономики, использовался междисциплинарный подход. Методы –картографический, районирования, типологии, моделирования. На первом этапе выделены теоре-тические подходы к определению исследуемого понятия. На втором этапе проанализировано от-ражение института административно-территориального деления в отечественном региональномзаконодательстве, проведена систематизация терминологии. В зависимости от применяемых тео-ретических подходов регионы России разделены на четыре группы. На третьем этапе для каждойгруппы построена семантическая модель понятия, включающая родовые компоненты (отличияадминистративного от других видов районирования), категорийные признаки (определяют видыадминистративного районирования), вспомогательные характеристики (принципы территориаль-ного деления). Семантическая модель адаптирована для применения в региональной экономике иуправлении. Результаты исследования. Родовые компоненты понятия выделены и обобщенывпервые. Под административно-территориальным делением региона предложено понимать зако-нодательно установленное разделение территории на взаимосвязанные, иерархически соподчи-ненные части, на основе которого осуществляется территориальная организация деятельности ор-ганов государственной власти. На основе категорийных признаков проведена классификация ад-министративного районирования в зависимости от видов органов власти (общее и ведомственное)и уровней власти (общенациональное, субнациональное, локальное). Выводы. Административно-территориальное деление должно лечь в основу формирования стратегий пространственного раз-вития регионов, сопряжения отраслевого и территориального стратегического планирования.

Available in paperback for the first time, this milestone work offers an in-depth treatment of all aspects of the discipline and practice of social policy globally. Supported by a distinguished international advisory board, the editors have compiled almost 900,000 words across 734 entries written by 284 leading specialists to provide authoritative coverage of concepts, policy actors, welfare institutions and services along a series of national, regional and transnational dimensions. Also included are biographical entries on major policy makers and shapers.The editors have particularl

Google's has proved to be one of the most successful business models in today's knowledge economy. Its services and applications have become part of our day-to-day life. However, Google has repeatedly been accused of acting outside the law in the development of services such as Adwords, Googlebooks or YouTube. One of the main purposes of this book is to assess whether those accusations are well-founded. But more important than that, this book provides a deeper reflection: are current legal systems adapted to business models such as that of Google or are they conceived for an industrial economy? Do the various lawsuits involving Google show an evolution of the existing legal framework that might favour the flourishing of other knowledge-economy businesses? Or do they simply reflect that Google has gone too far? What lessons can other knowledge-based businesses learn from all the disputes in which Google has been or is involved? This book is valuable reading for legal practitioners and academics in the field of information technologies and intellectual property law, economists interested in knowledge-economy business models and sociologists interested in internet and social networks. Dr. Aurelio Lopez-Tarruella is Senior Lecturer in Private International Law at the University of Alicante, Spain.

For the full implementation of strategic goals of public administration, as well as a worthy representation of the interests of the state at the international level, civil servants must have high foreign-language professional competencies. Practical issues of educational and training programs in the field of development of these competencies are carefully studied by the author. The current state of the level of language training of future civil service students (undergraduates, graduates and postgraduates) at the Institute for Social Sciences at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration is analyzed. The analysis includes the definition and formulation of tasks, goals, curriculum technologies, qualification requirements of future civil servants, ways of improving the quality of their knowledge of foreign languages and improving the methodological support of foreign-language teaching, and the creation of textbooks and teaching aids to solve the above-mentioned problem, etc. The research methods include theoretical research, analytical research methods, methodology of empirical research and methods of comparative research. The conclusions are based on the results of the analysis. Ways of improving programs for better development of civil servants' foreign-language professional competencies are outlined. Some recommendations for teachers and education managers are presented.

Sociologists and anthropologists have had a long interest in studying the ways in which cultures shaped different patterns of health, disease, and mortality. Social scientists have documented low rates of chronic disease and disability in non-Western societies and have suggested that social stability, cultural homogeneity and social cohesion may play a part in explaining these low rates. On the other hand, in studies of Western societies, social scientists have found that disease and mortality assume different patterns among various ethnic, cultural and social-economic groups. The role of stress, social change and a low degree of cohesion have been suggested, along with other factors as contributing to the variable rates among different social groups. Social cohesion has been implicated in the cause and recovery from both physical and psychological illnesses. Although there has been a large amount of work established the beneficial effects of cohesion on health and well-being, relatively little work has focused on HOW increased social cohesion sustains or improves health. This work is based on the premise that there are risk factors, including social cohesion that regulate health and disease in groups. One of the challenges is how to measure social cohesion – it can be readily observed and experienced but difficult to quantify. A better understanding of how social cohesion works will be valuable to improving group-level interventions.