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The article is devoted to the International legal cooperation of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the cultural and humanitarian spheres. Analysis of the influence of the cultural and humanitarian spheres in the international relations of the states, including Uzbekistan, was carried out in the article. Additionally, more and more growing role of the so-called "culture factor" in the international politics is discussed in it. The analysis is based on the legal base of the Republic of Uzbekistan, international legal documents, research works of domestic and foreign scholars in such areas as culture, education, science, tourism and medical science.

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Between the Application of Foreign Law and the Imperative Application of Domestic Law: A Historical Analysis -- 1.1 Introduction: Imperativeness Within the Historical Development of Private International Law as a Form of Droit Savant -- 1.2 Roman Law, the Middle Ages and the Dutch School: The Role of Imperativeness Between Territoriality, the Personalist Principle and Resistance to Foreign Law -- 1.3 The Codification Era and Beyond: The Rise of Imperativeness in Domestic Relationships and in Private International Law -- 1.4 The Rise of the Difference Between Public Policy and Overriding Mandatory Rules -- 1.5 Imperativeness in Contemporary Conceptions of Private International Law -- 1.5.1 Imperativeness in Unilateral Conceptions of Private International Law -- 1.5.2 Imperativeness in Bilateral Conceptions of Private International Law -- 1.6 Evolution of Imperativeness in Common-Law Systems -- 1.7 Current Issues Pertaining to Imperativeness in Contemporary Private International Law -- 1.7.1 Opinions Which Deny the Distinction Between Public Policy and Mandatory Rules -- 1.7.2 Opinions Which Deny Any Role for Imperativeness in EU Private International Law -- 1.7.3 The Influence of Public International Law Over Domestic Conceptions of Imperativeness and the Méthode de la Reconnaissance -- References -- 2 Testing the Distinction Between Public Policy and Overriding Mandatory Rules -- 2.1 Introduction: A Distinction with Uncertain Borders -- 2.2 The Opinion Which Bases the Distinction on the Difference Between States' Fundamental Principles and States' Interests -- 2.3 The Opinion Which Bases the Distinction on the Kind of Protected Interests (Public or Private) -- 2.4 The Opinion Which Bases the Distinction on the Nature (Public or Private) of the Relevant Domestic Law Source.

A -- AAON, Inc. -- ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd. -- ABC Supply Co., Inc. -- Adtran Inc. -- AirTran Holdings, Inc. -- Aktiebolaget Electrolux -- AlliedSignal Inc. -- American Greetings Corporation -- American Stores Company -- ARBED S.A. -- Armstrong World Industries, Inc. -- Aspect Telecommunications Corporation -- Avis Rent A Car, Inc. -- B -- Bachman's Inc. -- Badger Meter, Inc. -- Baker Hughes Incorporated -- B.A.T. Industries PLC -- Beckman Coulter, Inc. -- Beringer Wine Estates Holdings, Inc. -- Bestfoods -- Black & Veatch LLP -- Borden, Inc. -- Boston Acoustics, Inc. -- Boston Properties, Inc. -- Broken Hill Proprietary Company Ltd. -- Brooks Brothers Inc. -- Brunswick Corporation -- Burton Snowboards Inc. -- C -- Calvin Klein, Inc. -- Carlson Companies, Inc. -- Cedar Fair, L.P. -- Celebrity, Inc. -- CH2M Hill Ltd. -- CIGNA Corporation -- The Clorox Company -- CompDent Corporation -- Corporate Express, Inc. -- The Cosmetic Center, Inc. -- Cox Enterprises, Inc. -- CSX Corporation -- D -- Dal-Tile International Inc. -- Deckers Outdoor Corporation -- Defiance, Inc. -- Deluxe Corporation -- Diebold, Incorporated -- Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette, Inc. -- E -- EMI Group plc -- ESS Technology, Inc. -- F -- Fallon McElligott Inc. -- First Team Sports, Inc. -- Fleetwood Enterprises, Inc. -- Fort James Corporation -- French Fragrances, Inc. -- Frigidaire Home Products -- Frontier Airlines, Inc. -- G -- G-III Apparel Group, Ltd. -- GAF Corporation -- Gainsco, Inc. -- Gencor Ltd. -- Gianni Versace SpA -- Giant Food Inc. -- Goya Foods Inc. -- H -- Harold's Stores, Inc. -- Hawaiian Airlines, Inc. -- Health Care & Retirement Corporation -- Henkel Manco Inc. -- Hercules Inc. -- Hooper Holmes, Inc. -- Horace Mann Educators Corporation -- Hughes Markets, Inc. -- Hvide Marine Incorporated -- Hyperion Software Corporation -- I -- Illinois Tool Works Inc. -- Industrias Penoles, S.A. de C.V. -- In Focus Systems, Inc. -- Information Builders, Inc. -- The Interpublic Group of Companies, Inc. -- K -- Kal Kan Foods, Inc. -- Kerr-McGee Corporation -- Kerry Properties Limited -- Kitty Hawk, Inc. -- L -- The Liberty Corporation -- Lloyd's of London -- Lojas Arapua S.A. -- Lost Arrow Inc. -- Lund Food Holdings, Inc. -- M -- Mack Trucks, Inc. -- Makita Corporation -- Malt-O-Meal Company -- Manufactured Home Communities, Inc. -- Marie Brizard & Roger International S.A. -- Marvin Lumber & Cedar Company -- Maytag Corporation -- The Middleby Corporation -- The Miner Group International -- Minntech Corporation -- Moulinex S.A. -- Murphy Family Farms Inc. -- N -- Nantucket Allserve, Inc. -- National Instruments Corporation -- National Railroad Passenger Corporation -- New Holland N.V. -- NordicTrack -- Nutrition for Life International Inc. -- O -- Oak Technology, Inc. -- Omnicom Group Inc. -- Orbital Sciences Corporation -- P -- Paine Webber Group Inc. -- Palomar Medical Technologies, Inc. -- Paris Corporation -- Park Corp. -- Perkins Family Restaurants, L.P. -- Pete's Brewing Company -- PHP Healthcare Corporation -- Piper Jaffray Companies Inc. -- Players International, Inc. -- PPG Industries, Inc. -- President Casinos, Inc. -- Primedia Inc. -- Princess Cruise Lines -- R -- Reeds Jewelers, Inc. -- Reuters Holdings PLC -- Revere Ware Corporation -- Riddell Sports Inc. -- Ride, Inc. -- Roadhouse Grill, Inc. -- ROHN Industries, Inc. -- Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. -- S -- The Scotts Company -- Scotty's, Inc. -- Shakespeare Company -- Shiseido Company, Limited -- Sierra Pacific Industries -- The St. Paul Companies, Inc. -- Sylvan, Inc. -- T -- Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. -- Thiokol Corporation -- Thorn Apple Valley, Inc. -- TLC Beatrice International Holdings, Inc. -- Trend-Lines, Inc. -- Tribune Company -- U -- Ugly Duckling Corporation -- Uncle Ben's Inc. -- U.S. Delivery Systems, Inc. -- V -- Value Vision International, Inc. -- Vistana, Inc. -- W -- Waddell & Reed, Inc. -- Walter Industries, Inc. -- Western Beef, Inc. -- Y -- Young & Rubicam Inc.

This article examines the BRICS phenomenon through the prism of several International Relations theories. Particularly, power transition theory, soft power and peaceful coexistence concepts, the theory of "global regionalism" and status theories are reviewed. Each of them suggests its own theoretical interpretation of the BRICS phenomenon, as well as its own vision of this group's role in world politics and economy. It is safe to assume that despite limitations of these theories each of them has some explanatory power. Being used together they can be helpful for studying - in an interdisciplinary way - a complex phenomenon, such as the BRICS. A number of modern theories hold that, along with the pursuit of purely material and pragmatic interests, the BRICS countries actively use this integration association to strengthen their positions in the world arena and elevate their international status. It should be noted that the BRICS was rather successful in presenting itself as a new model of world order which is a serious alternative to the existing one dominated by the West. It is based on the principles of cooperation, mutual respect and balance of interests, rather than dictate, discrimination, hierarchy and balance of power. It is too early to ascertain that a principally new type of an international institution was born within the BRICS format. However, there is no doubt that some positive experience has already been accumulated by this forum, and that this grouping has some good prospects for the future. For this reason, it will remain of considerable interest for International Relations theory. Keywords: BRICS, International Relations Theory, alternative world order

The principal outcome of the tax reform implemented in recent years in the Republic of Tajikistan is the reduction of administrative burden on the private sector associated with compliance with tax legislation through simplified tax procedures and less time required to pass these procedures. The International Finance Corporation (IFC), a member of the World Bank Group, is the largest global development institute, which is focused on support to the private sector in emerging economies. The objective of the IFC Central Asia Tax Project is to improve compliance with mandatory requirements of tax legislation through better transparency and simplification of tax administration procedures. IFC through its technical assistance tax reforms projects, has conducted a series of studies, which allow to monitor the tax system reforming processes in Tajikistan. The main goal of the studies was a periodic assessment of time and costs of taxpayers in Tajikistan to comply with the mandatory requirements of the tax legislation. As part of the study, three rounds of measurements were performed, where the tax administration costs of the Tajik taxpayers were assessed at a regular time span - in 2012, 2014, and 2016. This report presents the results of all three rounds of business environment surveys in the area of tax regulation. It includes the estimates of tax accounting costs of taxpayers in Tajikistan in 2012, 2014, and 2016.

Jagoda Rošul-Gaji? untersucht die Umsetzung von internationalen frauenspezifischen Normen mit dem Fokus auf der Rolle von Frauen-NGOs als der stärksten Normadvokaten-Gruppe in zwei Nachkriegskontexten, nämlich Kroatien und Bosnien und Herzegowina. Sie stellt die grundsätzlichen Fragen: Wie wirken internationale Instrumente, wie die Konvention zur Beseitigung jeder Form von Diskriminierung der Frau, die Pekinger Aktionsplattform und die UN-Resolution 1325 zu Frauen, Frieden und Sicherheit unter Bedingungen gesellschaftlicher Transformation? Welche Faktoren sind hinderlich oder unterstützend für die Umsetzung der Normen, und welche Rolle spielt die Präsenz internationaler Akteure?Sie kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass lokale Frauen-NGOs eine Doppelstrategie nutzen, um sowohl nationale als auch internationale Akteure an den Pranger zu stellen und eine Veränderung zu bewirken. Dies ist dem Umstand geschuldet, dass nicht nur handelnde nationale Akteure sozialisiert werden müssen, um geschlechtergerecht zu handeln, sondern auch die im Nachkriegsbosnien und in Kroatien agierende internationale Elite.

Parce qu'il aura été le premier républicain convaincu et s'avouant tel, d'aucuns ont accusé Francisco Suárez, le «prince des juristes modernes», d'être un grand antimonarchiste, voire le premier régicide.