Suchergebnisse

"Der Beitrag untersucht die Erklärungsfaktoren der subjektiv empfundenen Wahlnorm mithilfe des European Social Survey (2002/3) für 21 europäische Länder. Dabei werden verschiedene Kombinationen aus vier Theorieperspektiven getestet: 1) soziale Integration: das Ausmaß und die Qualität, mit der ein Individuum in bestimmten sozialen Kontexten integriert ist, 2) soziales Vertrauen: die generelle Kooperationswilligkeit gegenüber anderen Personen, 3) die Unterstützung des politischen Systems, dessen Erhalt die Norm dient, und 4) die Beobachtung der Befolgung und der Qualität der sozialen Norm im Umfeld des Individuums. Die beste Performanz zeigt das Modell, das soziale Integration, Systemunterstützung und Beobachtung einbezieht. Hier zeigen sich zudem zusätzliche Auswirkungen der sozialen Integration über die Systemunterstützung auf die Wahlnorm. Der Beitrag verbessert bisherige Untersuchungen zur Wahlnorm, indem indirekte Kausalpfade berücksichtigt und individuelle Einstellungen kontextualisiert werden." (Autorenreferat)

'You simply must read this book if you are serious about being a top-notch business coach. It is an excellent guide to best practices based on clear theory, experience and business wisdom.'- Carol Kauffman PhD, co-founder and Director of the Coaching and Positive Psychology Initiative at Harvard Medical School, and Co-Editor-in-Chief of Coaching: An International Journal of Theory Research and Practice. 'This is an extraordinarily thorough book. It covers a great range of practical guidance on matters that will concern the new coach [and] addresses a wide range of approaches to coaching while remaining firmly embedded in an experiential learning tradition.'- David Megginson, Professor of Human Resource Development, Sheffield Hallam University, UK.

Civil war has been a fact of political life throughout recorded history. However, unlike inter-state wars, international law has not traditionally regulated such conflicts. How then can we explain the post-1945 emergence and evolution of international treaty rules regulating the conduct of internal armed conflict: the 'Civil War Regime'? Negotiating Civil War combines insights derived from Realist, Rationalist, Liberal, and Constructivist approaches to International Relations to answer this question, revisiting the negotiation of the 1949 Geneva Conventions, the 1977 Additional Protocols, and the 1998 Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. This study provides a rigorous, critical account of the making of the Civil War Regime. Sophisticated and persuasive, it illustrates the complex interplay of material, ideational, social, and strategic factors in shaping these rules with important lessons for the making and unmaking of international law in a rapidly shifting international political, economic, and security environment.

This essay challenges the analogy argument. The analogy argument aims to show that the international domain satisfies the conditions of a Hobbesian state of nature: There fails to be a super-sovereign to keep all in awe, and hence, like persons in the state of nature, sovereigns are in a war every sovereign against every sovereign. By turning to Hobbes' account of authorization, however, we see that subjects are under no obligation to obey a sovereign's commands when doing so would contradict the very end that motivated the authorization of the sovereign in the first place. There is thus an important disanalogy between natural and artificial persons, and this accordingly produces different reactions to the state of nature.

Conflict between groups, including nations, seemingly leads to solidarity among the people in each collectivity. Testing this proposition at the international level is difficult owing to methodological problems of data gathering. This paper reports upon the impact of an international controversy upon national opinion consolidation. After the New Zealand government banned nuclear-capable ships from the country, the US retaliated through public denunciation of this action and mild sanctions. Poll information suggests that, as a result of this dispute, New Zealanders put aside their preexisting political and social differences on the issue of nuclear weapons in their country and rallied behind their government. Over time, however, this consolidation effect shows signs of disintegration: social and, especially, political cleavages have begun again to discriminate opinion on the question of nuclear weapons in New Zealand. (Internat. Pol. Science Assoc.)

The changing conditions of the world have changed also the program of the International Labor Organization. Organized in 1919 by the industrialized nations, much of its early attention was given to setting up labor standards to avoid "unfair" competition from countries with cheap labor standards. Today the main emphasis of the ILO is on improving working and living conditions by helping the less advanced countries to develop their economic potential and raise their productivity and by helping the more advanced countries to lay the social basis for greater economic co-operation. The machinery and the techniques de veloped to achieve these aims are described in some detail.—Ed.

AbstractThe indigenous and Fourth World communities in multiple Asian regions are again making noises. As the incoming ALSA president, I wish to offer a new perspective called the Fourth World Approaches to International Law (FWAIL) to understand the nature of pandemic indigenous people's struggles for independence in Asia, to examine sociopolitical and historical roots of regional conflicts around many Asian peripheries, and to explore the contour of the social and political path for the recognition of indigenous rights for political sovereignty and independence under international law. Further, FWAIL is offered to give an active voice to indigenous people who have been victimized by predatory policies of the state system and international law, and to build a culture of collective resistance and opposition to hegemonic Western domination in the region. FWAIL also provides the framework to seek self-determination through activism, organizing, and negotiations with the state, in addition to the use of domestic law and international law. Furthermore, FWAIL is offered to give an alternative vision for the preservation of biodiversity and natural environment necessary for the survival of the human race in the coming generations in Asia.