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PurposeWhat new empirical implications can emerge in the organizational adaptation domain by adopting a multi-level co-evolutionary theoretical perspective? How does the performance appraisal process affect the evolution of the organization? The purpose of this paper, positioned within the organizational evolution research field, is to untangle the complexity behind emergence, development, and extinction of business processes over time, highlighting the inner mechanisms behind the adaptation process.Design/methodology/approachThe work is presented as a longitudinal, single case study of a service firm. Scholars concur in considering this approach particularly reliable when investigating the evolution of a practice (Feldman, 2000; Howard-Grenville, 2005; Lazaric and Denis, 2005). Data have been collected during 2014 through three main methods: unstructured interviews, meeting observations, and direct observation of participants.FindingsFrom the analysis, it emerges that the impact of the performance appraisal routine on individual and group dynamics is the main determinant behind organizational inertia and resistance to change. In particular, the degree of managerial control exerted, the feedback scheme applied, and the group interaction mechanisms are predictors of the degree of business process exploitation or exploration within a practice.Research limitations/implicationsIn order to address the exploratory nature of the work, further developments may deepen the analysis investigating and comparing the findings obtained in different business contexts, highlighting important similarities or differences in various sectors. Different empirical settings might also be beneficial in further investigating the complexity of additional dimensions of routines' evolution, especially at the group and organization level of analysis.Practical implicationsThe insights from the case may serve as useful inputs to improve the efficiency of the service firm examined, and to identify possible mechanisms to foster knowledge production and replication within the practice.Originality/valueThe paper, by adopting a co-evolutionary perspective, has been conceived as a deliberate search for new empirical implications in the organizational evolution research domain at multiple levels of analysis.

Purpose
Business process modeling has been given great attention due to its crucial role in developing computer-based systems that support (and automate) organizational processes. In information systems, building the right process architecture is vital, since a poor division of organizational processes can lead to complex designs or incoherent structure. Moreover, process architecture acts as a "big picture" of what the organization does, and represents dynamic relationships between the existing processes, which, in turn, helps understand how the organization works (Ould, 2005). The paper aims to discuss these issues.


Design/methodology/approach
This paper discusses the derivation of a process architecture diagram (PAD) using the Riva method in detail, in contrast to the PAD developed using Architecture of Integrated Information Systems (ARIS). The information system selected as an example for this comparative study is in the context of academic libraries, embedding various yet generic library processes.


Findings
Organizational process architecture provides a basis for business management, based on specific framework supported by integrated tools and methods (Kozina, 2006). ARIS and Riva process architecture methods can be used to visualize and document organizational processes. Understanding the merits and weaknesses of each method is essential to identify possible areas of application.


Research limitations/implications
The processes selected were generic in most academic libraries not taking into consideration special personalized processes. These can be added though.


Practical implications
Both techniques are feasible and can be used to view and analyze library processes, allowing bridging the gap between theory and practice.


Originality/value
A number of process architecture methods are available, however, few studies focused on assessing these methods, and comparing some of them to find out how easy they are to be used in particular contexts, and whether they can be standardized.

Purpose
Although microblogs have become an important information source, the credibility of their postings is still a critical concern due to the open and unregulated nature. To understand the antecedents of microblog information credibility, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the dual-role of cognitive heuristics (i.e. the additivity and bias roles) and the effect of gender differences.


Design/methodology/approach
This study collected data via an online field survey of active microblog users, and a total of 204 valid responses was received.


Findings
This study demonstrates the dual-role of source credibility and vividness, the additivity role of microblog platform credibility, and the bias role of social endorsement. Furthermore, this study also found out gender difference that the additivity role of cognitive heuristics was stronger for men while bias role was stronger for women.


Research limitations/implications
This research enriches the microblog literature by examining the cognitive heuristic determinants as key predictors of microblog information credibility, and contributes to the information credibility literature by identifying and analyzing the dual-role effect of cognitive heuristics and corresponding gender differences.


Practical implications
This study can help organizations better manage their reputation, especially during the reputation crises, and also serves as a reminder to microblog platform operators of the importance of their microblog platform credibility.


Social implications
This study can help organizations better manage their reputation, especially during the reputation crises, and serves as a reminder to the microblog platform operators of the importance of their microblog platform credibility.


Originality/value
This study investigates the dual-role effect of cognitive heuristics (i.e. the additivity role and bias role) and corresponding gender differences that are less touched on before, and thus provides a more nuanced understanding of the more complex effects of cognitive heuristics.

The United States offers a challenging case for the comparative study of philanthropic foundations. Depending on definition, foundation numbers total 80,000 or 130,000. They hold comparatively large assets per capita, though they vary enormously in assets; most are quite small, and compared with government and profit-seeking business, their wealth and their influence are very limited. Public controversies shape and confuse much of the discussion about them: the increasing inequality in the distribution of wealth, the continuing subordination of people of color and women, the impact of money on elections and on public policies and international relations, the prominence of the largest endowed, nonprofit universities and hospitals. Seeking to evaluate the critiques as well as the foundations' positive contributions, the U.S. researcher encounters all "the combined complexities" that bedevil comparative international studies of foundations. Deriving their corporate charters from the states, they operate under diverse legal environments and vary in self-understanding and operations. American foundations prize their autonomy, though regulation denies them the privacies and choices available to business firms and the superrich. Historically close affiliations with religion brings many funds under constitutional provisions that restrict public access to information. Although the data are incomplete and superficial, high-quality nonprofit websites and archives do provide much federally mandated and other data. Focusing more on change and the protection of values than on relief of basic need, they underwrite highly diverse and competing purposes; many of them promote the leading universities, hospitals, and arts organizations in their home regions. Recent donors, determined to achieve defined outcomes, have increasingly used community foundation or commercial advised funds rather than independent foundations. Finding that their resources are too limited to advance favored policy or social changes, a number of celebrated funds have recently sought to increase their influence through expertise, collaboration with communities and other organizations including businesses, supplementing grants with loans, and other initiatives.

Purpose
There is wide acknowledgment that training people from all levels of an organization in process management activities and "process thinking" is a major contributor to the success or failure, and sustainability of business process management (BPM). BPM training is provided in almost all BPM initiatives and involves the investment of valuable financial, human, information and other resources. However, little research has focused on this area. As a result, there is a lack of guidance for organizations in conducting value adding BPM training. The purpose of this paper is to consolidate the current published knowledge on BPM training in the form of a descriptive literature review to paint a picture of the existing work, identify gaps and propose a program of work for the future.


Design/methodology/approach
A structured descriptive literature review was conducted to understand the current status of literature on training in the domain of BPM. Of an initial search of 90 publications, 64 publications, published between 1994 and 2015, were filtered and reviewed based on their relevance to answer the research question: What has BPM literature mentioned of training people for BPM? This study proposes a research agenda based on this. A grounded theory coding approach was employed, where NVivo 10 was used as a tool to support the analysis.


Findings
A total of 234 codes (representing emerging themes) were inductively identified from the data. These codes were further analyzed, resulting in eight core themes pertaining to training in the BPM context.


Research limitations/implications
The paper presents a vivid descriptive overview of the current status of research in BPM training identifying gaps in the literature and presents a research agenda which supports a call for action.


Originality/value
The paper is the first known of its kind to compile the status of literature focused on BPM training and recommend a research agenda based on such.

PurposeMany studies have analyzed how gender diversity and local culture condition the cognitive styles of managers and affect decision-making processes in organizations. Gender diversity has been defended from an equality perspective; it has been argued to improve decision-making processes and to have a positive impact on companies' return on investment. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the differences between the thinking styles of men and women, in Latin America and the USA that support decision-making processes. An argument is given in favor of gender diversity in management teams, because of its positive implications in decision making.Design/methodology/approachThe measurement instrument used was the Neethling Brain Instrument, developed based on recent neuroscience discovery. The sample comprised 1,216 executives from the USA and several countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, who have participated in executive training programs.FindingsThe results show differences in thinking styles by gender, but no differences were found in thinking styles or decision making between men and women at the same managerial level in either of the two regions. Similarly, results suggest that executives in the USA tend to base their management models on strategic thinking styles that focus on interpersonal relations and involve risk taking, while executives in Latin American countries tend to prefer thinking and management styles focusing on data analysis, execution, planning, and process control.Originality/valueThe results of the present study show that, in all regions, men score higher in rational thinking styles associated with the cortical areas, while women gravitate toward thinking styles where emotional schemes prevail, related to subcortical areas. These results could be useful for organizational leaders in charge of allocating roles and tasks to people, based on their thinking style strengths. The results can also be very valuable for Latin American organizations to design specific training and development programs for men and women accordingly with their individual needs and their managerial roles. They can also support the argument that diverse gender teams will guarantee complete decision-making processes.

This article is devoted to the study of the problem moments of teaching physical culture in higher educational institutions. He considers the problems of the organization of physical education, the shortcomings of the modern system of the educational process, as well as the need to introduce new methods and methods of teaching students to make educational goals that give to the preservation and strengthening of the health of the future generation. It is determined that interactive learning is a form of organization of cognitive activity, is a method of knowledge, which is carried out in the form of a joint activity of the teacher and the student, when all participants interact with each other, exchange information, solve problems together, simulate situations, evaluate the actions of others and their own behavior, etc. It is envisaged that the main goal of the interactive form of conducting physical education classes will be to immerse students in the real atmosphere of business cooperation, in solving problems, optimally developed skills and qualities of a future specialist. However, there are difficulties in using this method in the educational process, among which are the following: lack of knowledge of the content of the method, inability to use it in practice, misunderstanding of its place in the structure of the class, mistrust of the effectiveness of its use in the learning process. It is proved that one of the perspective directions of improvement of physical education of students is the development of scientific principles of monitoring of physical and motor development on the basis of involving a complex of information and technological approaches that will meet the current state. At the same time, the fundamental changes in the development of civilization affect the changes in the system of requirements, which are presented to both the specialist and the education system as a whole.

The article highlights the author's approach to improving cooperation mechanisms of the State Border Service of Ukraine with public organizations and population. There has been analyzed public control as a means their cooperation and priorities of improving the cooperation, particularly, forms and methods of organizing citizens' feedback, introduction of the assessment procedure of the efficiency of the SBSU and population and public organization. There have been stated conceptual pillars of the public control development in the SBSU, developed by the author, including public control forms and resource provision. There has been considered a mechanism algorithm of the public participation in the development of the border administration through submitting petitions or proposals concerning a legally enforceable enactment draft (or the legally enforceable enactment currently in force). There has been represented a mechanism model of discussing legally enforceable enactments and public petitions, developed by the author. It is noted that one of the mechanisms of interaction of the SBSU with the public is effective public control, which becomes an integral part of ensuring national security and political stability. The conditions of permanence of Ukraine's threats in the border area, and in certain areas and their exacerbation, along with further reforms of the institutes of Ukrainian statehood, cause the problem of establishing and implementing public control in the border area as an important and urgent one. It is proved that public control is intended to determine the correctness of the military-force policy in the border area, the validity of the scale and optimality of the forms of activity of the border guards. In accordance with all this, in the subject area of public control should be: political decisions on issues of border security, including international agreements; the expediency and validity of government programs for the provision and reform of the border authorities of Ukraine, assessment of the effectiveness of these programs and the procedure for making changes to them.

Unlike the private companies that runs the waste collection system, the recovery and classification of waste carried out by cartoneros (waste pickers) in Buenos Aires metropolis has not yet been acknowledged as a "public service" (one of the main demands of cartonero organizations). Their work is based on the commercialization of recovered materials for the local and global recycling industry in a market defined by high levels of intermediation and incidence of monopolies in price formation. Consequently, levels of profitability attained in this first link of the chain are extremely meager, hence the importance of achieve value-adding issues becomes key for strengthen the economies of their organizations. Moreover, some public policy actions were oriented to address this goal by a so called process of "technification" of their working process. However, the results obtained so far, were not encouraging at all. Over more than a decade of the emergence of the cartonero phenomenon in Argentina, the technological features of their job have not shown significant changes. Most of them still focus on collecting and sorting as main activities, using very analyzes an "innovation" process developed by members of a cartonero cooperative in the Greater Buenos Aires. The project involves the recycling of industrial cellulose waste for manufacturing bricks and plates for housing construction. The core of my argument can be synthesized in the following question: what happens when an "innovation" process does not come from the contribution of specialized "technicians", but responds to an experimental practice developed by the cartoneros themselves?.
This shift at the level of the socially legitimate locus to produce "innovation" is analytically revealing for examining the contradictory dynamics in the construction of social relations deployed in this experience, focusing mainly on the tensions present in the institutionalization of the ongoing creative process.rudimentary tools and machines and obtaining a small profit if we consider the hard work they make on a daily basis. Departing from an ethnographic approach this article reconstructs and

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to deliver a roadmap that displays pathways to develop sustainability skills in the engineering curricula.


Design/methodology/approach
The selected approach to enrich engineering students with sustainability skills was active learning methodologies. First, a survey was carried out on a sample of 189 students to test the current sustainability literacy and determine the roadmap starting point. Next, a scientometric study regarding active learning methodologies was executed. A total of 2,885 articles and conference proceedings from the period 2013-2016 were retrieved from the Web of Science database. The records were then imported into text mining software to undergo a term clumping process. Annual knowledge clusters based on key terms were outputted. Finally, a roadmap was created by experts based on the annual knowledge clusters.


Findings
Four annual pathways were created along the roadmap to develop sustainability skills during the four-year college course in engineering. The first consisted on promoting a recycling campaign through a circular economy. The second aimed at creating educational videos regarding sustainability. The third reinforced reasoning and argumentative skills by preparing a debate on environmental issues. The last path assumed that the student is working in internship programs and prepared him/her to apply environmental management models to solve sustainability issues within the company.


Research limitations/implications
Roadmaps should be updated approximately every two years to reflect novelty. The proposed methodology shows an easy way to create them.


Practical implications
Results from this paper, as well as the proposed methodology, can be applied to any organization forming individuals: from primary school education to employee training programs in organizations.


Social implications
The development of sustainability skills has a direct, positive impact on professional decision-making and, ultimately, on the environment.


Originality/value
This paper presents a roadmapping process to develop sustainability competences throughout engineering college education.

The quality is a degree of excellence, and what is excellent is new. The evaluations of the quality of the organizations, departments, functional areas, activities, products and services have been recognized by the goodness of their results beginning to be mandatory and of increasingly strict application in the search of the fulfilment of its purposes. The quality has been a goal of many countries. In Ecuador, the Constitution establishes that the public administration is governed by principles, among others: the quality. This involves the participation of the people to ensure the actions in the organizational context. The quality has an impact on people, activities, processes and outcomes; all guided toward excellence. An intention of quality (not exclusive from the point of view of the analysis of other models) and at the same time of the Government of the TSI is the application of good practices of the Ibero-American Model [3] and of the standard ISO/IEC 38500 [4], respectively. The proposed quality assessment model exposes the government of TIS as a functional team at the service of the organization of TIS. Therefore, the model is a response to the value-based quality concept on value due to the extent that Ecuador is gaining a growth in the use of technology. The existing literature on EFQM models, Malcolm Baldrige and other authors who support it, was available for this work [5] [6] [7] [8]. In such a way that it is appropriate to identify suitable criterion relations between standards of governance and models of excellence, the criteria and sub-criteria, dimensions and evidence that arise as part of the quality model. ; Tesis presentada el 19/09/2017 en la Army Forces University ESPE, Department of Computer Science, PhD Thesis in Computer Science. Advisors: Claudia Pons, Rocio Rodríguez. ; Facultad de Informática

The present article aims to analyze how the pedagogical discourse symbolically constructs single parenthood and family diversity. Some prescriptive texts such as laws, curriculum designs, documents produced by governments and international organizations and educational research's articles have been analyzed for this purpose. As a result, it is noted that hegemonic school discourse and a certain 'scientific common sense' prescribing and normalizing certain forms of family organization and certain forms of linking families and schools as necessary conditions for children's schooling. Biparentality appears more or less explicitly as the expected family. This results in the invisibilization of single parenting in educational laws, curriculum documents and school manuals and the connotation of family diversity as some deviation from an expected standard, which therefore negatively affects the school task. This preconception, which identifies families with a nuclear family, is stronger in the field of educational and social sciences. It is insisted -beyond the evidence of the research itself- that single parenthood is a risk factor, a new danger for schooling of the children of these families. ; El presente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar cómo el discurso pedagógico construye simbólicamente la monoparentalidad y la diversidad familiar. Con tal fin se han analizado algunos textos prescriptivos como leyes, diseños curriculares, documentos ministeriales y de organismos internacionales y la producción procedente del campo de la investigación educativa. Como resultado se advierte que el discurso escolar hegemónico y cierto 'sentido común científico' coinciden en prescribir y normalizar tanto determinadas formas de organización familiar como ciertas formas de vinculación entre familias y escuelas como condiciones necesarias para la escolarización infantil. La biparentalidad aparece más o menos explícitamente como la familia esperada, supuesta. Esto se traduce en la invisibilización de la monoparentalidad en las leyes ...

El artículo propone una reflexión de orden teórico-metodológico sobre los usos, ventajas y limitaciones de las fuentes escritas y orales utilizadas para una investigación doctoral sobre las FAR. Se trata de relacionar historia, memoria y política para pensar los orígenes de la organización. Más específicamente, nos proponemos: 1) detectar un conjunto de cuestiones que quedaron invisibilizadas en la memoria que las FAR forjaron sobre sus orígenes; 2) comentar la manera en que esos silencios fueron sorteados para lograr una adecuada reconstrucción sociohistórica de la organización y 3) reflexionar sobre el modo en que la memoria que las FAR elaboraron en los setenta sobre el pasado de sus grupos fundadores en los sesenta se convirtió en algo revelador para el propio objeto de investigación. Para ello se apela a bibliografía sobre el tema, entrevistas orales y fuentes escritas de diverso tipo ; The article proposes a theoretical and methodological reflection on the uses, advantages and limitations of the written and oral sources used for a doctoral research on the FAR. It is about relating history, memory and politics to think about the origins of the organization. More specifically, we propose: 1) to detect a set of issues that were invisible in the memory that the FAR forged on its origins; 2) to comment on the way in which those silences could be sorted out to achieve an adequate sociohistorical reconstruction of the organization and 3) to reflect on the way in which the memory that the FAR elaborated in the seventies on the past of their founding groups in the sixties became something revealing for the object of investigation. For this we rely on bibliography, oral interviews and written sources of various kinds. ; Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación

Arterial ageing is characterized by increasing arterial stiffness as measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV). This process is enhanced in participants with early vascular ageing (EVA), but slowed in participants with healthy vascular ageing (HVA). We aimed to describe characteristics of EVA and HVA in a transcontinental study including 11 cohorts. ; The Asklepios Study is supported by the Fund for Scientific Research – Flanders (FWO research grants G042703 and G083810N). The Rotterdam Study is supported by the Erasmus Medical Center and Erasmus University Rotterdam; the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research; the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Devel- opment (ZonMw); the Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly (RIDE); the Netherlands Heart Foundation; the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science; the Ministry of Health Welfare and Sports; the European Commission; and the Municipality of Rotterdam. The SardiNIA team was supported by Contract NO1-AG- 1–2109 from the NIA. This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute on Aging (USA). The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) is supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute on Aging. The Kingmen Aging Study was supported, in part, by a grant from the National Science Council (NSC 99-2314-B- 010-034-MY3), an intramural grant from the Taipei Veterans General Hospital (grant V102C-119), Research and Devel- opment contract NO1-AG-1–2118, and the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health. The Malmoe Diet Cancer – Cardiovascular Study was supported by grants from the Swedish Research Council (K2008-65X-20752-01-3, K2011-65X-20752-04-6), the Lund- stroms Foundation, the Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation (2010-0244; 2013-0249) and ALF government grants (Dnr: 2012/1789) ...

The article analyzes the participation of parties in the governments of the Concertación in Chile, a subject known in political science as party government. The characteristics of this participation, and its effects on government, depend on the institutional features of the presidential system, in which the president plays the central decision-making role. This is due to the nature of the State, in which power is fragmented into dozens of institutions, and to strategic decisions taken by governments in defining the policies that they promote – which in turn affect electoral support for parties and thus influence their organization. We analyze the impact of two decades of unbroken government on electoral support for the parties which make up the Concertación, and their organization. The article provides conceptual and empirical elements for the analysis of a topic not considered in studies of the presidential system in Latin America. ; El artículo analiza la participación de los partidos en los cuatro gobiernos de la Concertación en Chile (1990-2010), un tema conocido en la Ciencia Política como party government. Esta participación estuvo influida por los rasgos institucionales del presidencialismo, con la centralidad decisoria del Presidente, por los cambios programáticos y organizativos llevado a cabo por partidos del conglomerado durante la dictadura, en el contexto más amplio de las lecciones extraídas por la caída de la democracia en 1973, y por decisiones estratégicas de los gobiernos. Estas tuvieron amplias repercusiones en la agenda del gobierno, no solo porque impusieron la primacía de la política económica sobre la agenda pública y no consideró la naturaleza política de la gestión del gobierno sino, también, porque se les descuidó en esas tres dimensiones, que explica su debilitamiento electoral, organizativo y en sus capacidades para participar en el gobierno. El artículo entrega elementos conceptuales y empíricos para el análisis de un tema hasta ahora no considerado por los estudios del presidencialismo en América Latina.