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The ara Pacis Augustae, in all its magnificence as a work of art and all its powerful political implications as a creation of the imperial power, was essentially an altar, i.e. an official place of cult subject to certain religious rules and having a specific ceremonial calendar. Accordingly, this research topic has come about and been developed to present, discuss and try to provide a response to the problems that the ara Pacis poses as a place of cult. The debate is organized and is part of the broader context of the nature of the arae in the Roman cultic practice and is predicated on the analysis of the textual tradition of the ara Pacis and the archaeological evidence itself. As a result, we present the process of 'foundation' of the ara Pacis Augustae to its full extent and complexity, both in its own ritual aspects themselves as well as in its physical representation as a monument. ; El ara Pacis Augustae, con toda su magnificencia como obra de arte y todas sus poderosas implicaciones políticas como creación del poder imperial, era esencialmente un altar, es decir, un lugar de culto oficial sometido a una determinada reglamentación religiosa y dotado de un calendario ceremonial específico. En consecuencia esta investigación ha sido ideada y desarrollada para presentar, discutir y, en su caso, dar respuesta a los problemas que presenta el ara Pacis como lugar de culto. El debate se integra y articula en el contexto más amplio de la naturaleza de las arae en la práctica cultual romana y se sustenta en el análisis de la tradición textual del ara Pacis y la propia evidencia arqueológica. Como resultado, se presenta el proceso de institución del ara Pacis Augustae en toda su extensión y complejidad, tanto en sus aspectos propiamente rituales como en su plasmación monumental.

There has been much study of the consequences of economic freedom but, outside of the role of political institutions, there has been little study of the determinants of economic freedom. We investigate whether religion affects economic freedom. Our cross-sectional dataset includes 137 countries averaged over the period 2001-2010. Simple correlations show that Protestantism is associated with economic freedom, Islam is not, with Catholicism in between. The Protestant ethic requires economic freedom. Our empirical estimates, which include religiosity, political institutions, and other explanatory variables, confirm that Protestantism is most conducive to economic freedom.

Liebe beschreibt ein Gefühl, eine Einstellung, einen Gedanken, eine Erfahrung, die Menschen zu dem Wichtigsten in ihrem Leben zählen. Die Liebe zu anderen Menschen, zu Tieren, zu Gott, zu Göttern oder die von ihnen empfangene Liebe findet sich in höchst unterschiedlicher Gestalt und Bedeutung. Hat Liebe ihren wesentlichen Ausdruck in der Freundschaft, in der geschlechtlichen Vereinigung, in einem rituellen Vollzug oder in einem göttlichen Handeln? Der vorliegende Band besitzt seinen Schwerpunkt in der Frage, wie in den Religionen Liebe verstanden wird. Gerade im Christentum haben sich verschiedene Vorstellungen entwickelt, Gott, Mensch und Liebe miteinander zu denken. Doch auch philosophische und sich mit geistlicher und weltlicher Literatur beschäftigende Beiträge eröffnen entscheidende Perspektiven auf das unerschöpfliche Phänomen der Liebe. [Configurations of Love. Concepts of Love in Religion, Philosophy and Literature]Love describes a feeling, an attitude, a thought, an experience that people consider to be the most important in their lives. The love for other people, for animals, for God, for gods or the love received from them can be found in very different shapes and meanings. Does love find its essential expression in friendship, in sexual union, in a ritual performance or in a divine act? This volume focuses on the question of how love is understood in religions. In Christianity in particular, different ideas have developed to think about God, man and love together. But also philosophical contributions and those dealing with spiritual and secular literature open up decisive perspectives on the inexhaustible phenomenon of love

In Religion and the Making of Nigeria Olufemi Vaughan examines how Christian, Muslim, and indigenous religious structures along with the legacies of British colonial rule have provided the essential social and ideological frameworks for the construction of contemporary Nigeria.

Religion findet sich nicht nur in Kirchen und Moscheen, sondern auch an profanen Orten wie Heavy Metal-Konzerten. Mittels der Analyse von Konzerten, Liedtexten, CD-Covern und Interviews mit bekannten Musikern im Bereich des Pagan Metal diskutiert Serina Heinen das Verhältnis von Religion und Populärkultur.Dabei tritt ein wichtiger Aspekt von moderner Religion zutage, der in religionssoziologischen Debatten kaum Beachtung findet: Religion im populärkulturellen Kontext ist vieldeutig. Pagan Metal ist voller explizit religionsbezogener Symbolik, doch verstehen die Musiker ihre künstlerische Auseinandersetzung mit Religion nicht zwingend als religiöses Bekenntnis.

Stan and Turcescu examine the complex relationship between church and state in the new Romania, providing analysis in key areas: church collaboration with communist authorities post-communist electoral politics, nationalism and ethno-politics, and religious education, among other areas

After a long period of postwar neglect by mainstream scholars, religion assumed a new prominence in political science during the late 1970s. Despite the latter-day significance accorded religion by the discipline, the product of several unexpected real-world events, much of the recent research has focused on specific episodes or groups without drawing on or developing general theories. Social movement theory (SMT), particularly in its most recent incarnation, offers a way to address the three critical questions about religiously engaged political movements: What are the motives for political activity by religious groups? By what means do these groups facilitate political action? What features & conditions of the political system provide them opportunities for effective political action? This review explores various expressions of religiously based political action from the vantage point of SMT. We conclude that the translation of religious grievances into political action is contingent on a string of conditions that involve the interplay of motive, means, & opportunity. The implicit message is that scholars should approach religiously engaged social movements with the same theoretical frameworks used to understand secular political forces & that focusing these interpretive lenses on religion will illuminate issues of general interest to the discipline. 70 References. Adapted from the source document.