Suchergebnisse

This is the first comprehensive, even-handed examination of U.S. policy in Latin America during the Reagan era. Drawing on interviews with U.S. officials and his own perspective as a former State Department lawyer, Thomas Carothers sheds new light on the much-discussed U.S. involvements in Nicaragua, El Salvador, and Panama and turns up varied and often unexpected findings in less-studied countries such as Bolivia, Costa Rica, Paraguay, and Chile. This title i

"Public Health and Beyond in Latin America and the Caribbean: Reflections from the Field explores the diverse and complex public health landscape, from global to regional to local, by considering historical and socio-cultural factors to contextualize the ongoing public health crisis. Drawing on four decades of field experience, research, and teaching, Sherri L. Porcelain uses case studies to offer a realistic view of the public heath struggle in Latin America and the Caribbean. Using specific countries as regional examples, the book shows how population health has been inextricably linked to political, economic, social, cultural, ethical, ecological, environmental, and technological factors. Chapters in this book will examine the history of public health issues associated with international development, globalization and the international political economy, disasters, diplomacy and security studies coupled with the changing role of key actors driving the global and regional agendas. The final chapter examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and what it means for the future of public health. This book is recommended for undergraduate students interested in history of Latin America and the Caribbean as well as others concerned with global and regional population health challenges."

A study of migration, mobility control and state power in the late Ottoman EmpireThis book tells the story of Armenian migration to North America in the late Ottoman period, and Istanbul's efforts to prevent it. It shows how, just as in the present, migrants in the late 19th and early 20th centuries were forced to travel through clandestine smuggling networks, frustrating the enforcement of the ban on migration. Further, migrants who attempted to return home from sojourns in North America risked debarment at the border and deportation, while the return of migrants who had naturalized as US citizens generated friction between the United States and Ottoman governments. The author sheds light on the relationship between the imperial state and its Armenian populations in the decades leading up to the Armenian genocide. He also places the Ottoman Empire squarely in the middle of global debates on migration, border control and restriction in this period, adding to our understanding of the global historical origins of contemporary immigration politics and other issues of relevance today in the Middle East region, such borders and frontiers, migrants and refugees, and ethno-religious minorities. Key FeaturesAn in-depth study of illicit migration in a non-Western contextSheds light on the phenomenon of migrant smuggling from a historical perspectiveDemonstrates the effects of different regimes of mobility control on the migration processExamines the limits of citizenship and nationality in the context of global migrationDemonstrates the surprising convergence of anti-migrant politics and policies in both the Ottoman Empire and United States at the turn of the twentieth century

Why is there so much discontent with democracy across Latin America? Are regimes being judged by unrealistic standards of success—or is there legitimate cause for criticism in light of widespread failures to deliver either transparency or effective public policies? Addressing these questions across a variety of dimensions, the authors explore the diverse ways in which the specific nature of Latin American democracy explains the current performance of the region's democratic governments

As Latin America's new democratic regimes have decentralized, the region's capital cities--and their elected mayors--have gained increasing importance. Capital City Politics in Latin America tells the story of these cities: how they are changing operationally, how the the empowerment of mayors and other municipal institutions is exacerbating political tensions between local executives and regional and national entities, and how the cities' growing significance affects traditional political patterns throughout society. The authors weave a tapestry that illustrates the impact of local, national, and transnational power relations on the strategies available to Latin America's capital city mayors as they seek to transform their greater influence into desired actions

"Three trends have dominated the political economy of integration during the last two decades: globalization, economic nationalism, and regionalization. This book explores comparative regional integration, focusing on both intra-regional integration and relations among regions in the context of power. The most common focus of integration studies has been on the logic of cooperation, but there is another logic of integration: power. The relevance of power today is represented by the relations within the Eurozone, especially between creditors and debtors. By the same line of reasoning, integration in Asia cannot ignore the respective roles of China, Japan, and Korea, nor the unresolved disputes about Taiwan, Hong Kong, and the islands in the South China Sea. This edited volume addresses the role of power in regional integration in three contexts: (1) the role of hegemonic external actors (the US and China) in regional integration; (2) the role of core states within regions (Germany, China, Japan, and Brazil); and (3) the role of non-core states - smaller and middle-range powers (Italy and Greece in Europe, South Korea and Malaysia in Asia, and Argentina, Colombia, Uruguay, and Paraguay in Latin America). This book will benefit students and scholars of international relations and comparative political economy, especially those with an interest in integration studies and comparative regionalism"--

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Introduction: Mapping Multiple Chinas on the Development Landscape -- Part I. WHO OR WHAT IS CHINA IN CENTRAL AMERICA? -- 1. Transpacific Assemblages: Tracing Development Encounters over Space and Time -- 2. Chinese Diasporic Communities: Migration and the Making of Central American Modernity -- 3. Taiwan: Diplomatic, Economic, and Cultural Associations with the "Other China" -- Part II. MATERIALIZING TRANSPACIFIC DEVELOPMENT -- 4. Infrastructure: Laying the Groundwork for Sovereignty and National Identity -- 5. Trade: Brokering Economic Exchange across Markets and Cultures -- 6. Corruption: Hunting Tigers and Chopping Chorizo across the Pacific -- Conclusion: Locating Development Futures -- Notes -- Works Cited -- Index

"Various kinds of informal and extra-legal settlements-commonly called shantytowns, favelas, or barrios-are the prevailing type of urban land use in much of the developing world. United Nations estimates suggest that there are close to 900 million people living in squatter communities worldwide, with the number expected to increase. Informal Urbanization in Latin America investigates prevailing strategies for addressing informal settlements, which started to shift away from large-scale slum clearance to on-site upgrading in Latin America over the last forty years, by improving its public spaces, infrastructure and facilities. The cases in this book range from one micro intervention (the Villa Tranquila Project in Buenos Aires) to three large-scale government run projects like the celebrated Favela Bairro Program in Rio de Janeiro, the social housing program in São Paulo and the famous Proyectos Urbanos Integrales Approach in Medellín. The cases show a collaborative and sensitive transformation of landscape and public space, and provide designers and planners with the tools to develop better strategies that can mitigate the volatility that the residents of non-formal neighborhoods are exposed to. The book is a must-read for all who are interested or working in the global urbanization as well as social equity"--

"The Green City and Social Injustice examines the recent urban environmental trajectory of twenty-one cities in Europe and North America over a 20 year period. It analyses the circumstances under which greening interventions can create a new set of inequalities for socially vulnerable residents while also failing to eliminate other environmental risks and impacts. Based on fieldwork in ten countries, and on analysis of core planning, policy, and activist documents and data, the book offers a critical view of the growing green planning orthodoxy in the Global North. It highlights the entanglements of this tenet with neoliberal municipal policies including budget cuts for community initiatives, long-term green spaces, and housing for the most fragile residents; and the focus on large-scale urban redevelopment and high-end real estate investment. It also discusses hopeful experiences from cities where urban greening has long been accompanied by social equity policies or managed by community groups organizing around environmental justice goals and strategies. The book examines how displacement and gentrification in the context of greening is not only physical, but also socio-cultural, creating new forms of social erasure and trauma for vulnerable residents. Its breadth and diversity allow students, scholars, and researchers to debunk the often-depoliticized branding and selling of green cities and reinsert core equity and justice issues into green city planning - a much-needed perspective. Building from this critical view, the book also shows how cities who prioritise equity in green access, in secure housing, and in bold social policies can achieve both environmental and social gains for all"--

Introduction / Alejandra Trejo-Nieto and José L. Niño-Amézquita -- A framework for contextualising metropolitan governance in Latin America / Alejandra Trejo-Nieto -- Bogotá : metropolitan centralism, governance and service delivery / José L. Niño-Amézquita -- Governance stuctures and the unequal provision of services in metropolitan Lima / Matteo Stiglich-Labarthe and María Vásquez -- Fragmented governance, service provision and inequality in Mexico City metropolitan area / Alejandra Trejo-Nieto -- The challenging evolution of integrated governance in metropolitan Buenos Aires / Gabriel Lanfranchi -- Metropolitan Santiago : from dispersion and inequality to the challenge of effective intergovernmental governance / Esteban Valenzuela VT, Claudia Toledo A. and Osvaldo Henríquez O. -- An assessment of metropolitan governance and service provision in Latin America / Alejandra Trejo-Nieto.

Many contemporary party organizations are failing to fulfill their representational role in contemporary democracies. While political scientists tend to rely on a minimalist definition of political parties (groups of candidates that compete in elections), this volume argues that this misses how parties can differ not only in degree but also in kind. With a new typology of political parties, the authors provide a new analytical tool to address the role of political parties in democratic functioning and political representation. The empirical chapters apply the conceptual framework to analyze seventeen parties across Latin America. The authors are established scholars expert in comparative politics and in the cases included in the volume. The book sets an agenda for future research on parties and representation, and it will appeal to those concerned with the challenges of consolidating stable and programmatic party systems in developing democracies.

"This book investigates the history, development and current state of anti-corruption agencies in Latin America. In recent decades, specialized anti-corruption agencies have sprung up as countries seek to respond to corruption and to counter administrative and political challenges. However, the characteristics, resources, power and performance of these agencies reflect the political and economic environment in which they operate. This book draws on a range of case studies from across Latin America, considering both national anti-corruption bodies and agencies created and administered by, or in close coordination with, international organizations. Together, these stories demonstrate the importance of the political will of reformers, the private interests of key actors, the organizational space of other agencies, the position of advocacy groups, and the level of support from the public at large. This book will be a key resource for researchers across political science, corruption studies, development, and Latin American Studies. It will also be valuable guide for policy makers and professionals in NGOs and international organizations working on anti-corruption advocacy and policy advice"--

In this major work an economist with long experience as an advisor in developing countries explores the conflict between market forces and political reform that has led straight into Latin America's most serious problems. John Sheahan addresses three central concerns: the persistence of poverty in Latin American countries despite rising national incomes, the connection between economic troubles and political repression, and the relationships between Latin America and the rest of the world in trade and finance, as well as overall dependence. His comprehensive explanation of why many Latin Americans identify open political systems with frustration and economic breakdown will interest not only economists but also a broad range of other social scientists. This is "political economy" in the classical sense of the word, establishing a clear connection between the political and economic realities of Latin America

Social and political transitions in Latin America : from the left turn's rise to its decline / Daniel S. Leon, Carolina Rozo-Higuera, Karen Silva-Torres -- Radical left-wing political regimes in the context of the Latin American "left turn" / Radek Buben and Jan Němec -- The return of Mano Dura in Venezuela : the political economy of transitions in urban security policies since 1950 / Daniel S. Leon -- Education, labor, and inequality in Ecuador, 2006-2016 : building social convergence / Ernesto Nieto-Carrillo -- Archives, memory and human rights : the right to truth and the right to tell in Colombian policies and memory initiatives / Carolina Rozo-Higuera -- Transformations in the Colombian migration regime amidst the Venezuelan migration crisis : an introduction to the analysis of the refugee category / Maria Gabriela Trompetero Vicent -- Transitions of university autonomy in Ecuador : from market heteronomy to responsible autonomy / Rina Pazos and Jorge Fabara -- Peronism is a sentiment : affect and ideology in Argentine populism / Julia Fierman -- The nexus between social movements and transition : insights from the Bolivian TIPNIS conflict / Maximilian Görgens -- Political violence and religious change in Ayacucho, Peru : reconciliation and forgiveness as local mechanisms among evangelical conflict survivors / Ariane Kovac -- From victimization to political action? Understanding the (un)existing political participation of Central American immigrants in Mexico / Indi Carolina Kryg -- Hirschman revisited : exit, voice, and loyalty in the Venezuelan crisis / Stiven Tremaria -- Seven theses on the refeudalization of Latin America / Olaf Kaltmeier -- Liminal transition processes in Latin America / Carolina Rozo-Higuera, Daniel S. Leon, and Karen Silva-Torres.

Intro -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Detecting Fiscal-Monetary Causes of Inflation -- A Framework for Studying the Monetary and Fiscal History of Latin America -- Argentina -- The History of Argentina -- Discussion of the History of Argentina 1 -- Discussion of the History of Argentina 2 -- Bolivia -- The History of Bolivia -- Discussion of the History of Bolivia -- Brazil -- The History of Brazil -- Discussion of the History of Brazil 1 -- Discussion of the History of Brazil 2 -- Chile -- The History of Chile -- Discussion of the History of Chile -- Colombia -- The History of Colombia -- Discussion of the History of Colombia -- Ecuador -- The History of Ecuador -- Discussion of the History of Ecuador -- Mexico -- The History of Mexico -- Discussion of the History of Mexico -- Paraguay -- The History of Paraguay -- Discussion of the History of Paraguay 1 -- Discussion of the History of Paraguay 2 -- Peru -- The History of Peru -- Discussion of the History of Peru 1 -- Discussion of the History of Peru 2 -- Uruguay -- The History of Uruguay -- Discussion of the History of Uruguay 1 -- Discussion of the History of Uruguay 2 -- Venezuela -- The History of Venezuela -- Discussion of the History of Venezuela 1 -- Discussion of the History of Venezuela 2 -- Lessons from the Monetary and Fiscal History of Latin America -- Contributors.