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Jutta Scherrer, Intelligentsia, religion, revolution : first manifestations of Christian socialism in Russia. 1905-1907 [II].
The last part of this study deals with the project of creation of a "Union of Christian policy" formulated by S. N. Bulgakov, economist and ex "legal" marxist. This project is in the line of the endeavours of certain members of progressive clergy and of the intelligentsia to elaborate a program of Christian policy. (See the first part of this article in CMRS, XVII, 4.) Bulgakov wanted to found in Russia a Christian-social party, or even different Christian parties with differenciated social programs and political lines. The "Christian socialism" as proposed by Bulgakov during the years 1905-1907 was viewed by the Bolshevik fraction of social-democracy as an alternative to be taken into very serious consideration.

In constructing his social theory Saint-Simon made use of the inductive method: by the study of historical facts he endeavored to win knowledge of the laws of the character and movements of society. In shaping his spiritual program he followed a different path, the path of deduction: his goal was to find a great principle in accordance with which the institutions of the future social order could be consciously molded. "Socrates," he said, putting his ideas into the mouth of the great Greek, "clearly understood that we must criticize a posteriori and organize a priori." For "any social regime is an application of a philosophical system, and, consequently, it is impossible to institute a new regime without having before established the new philosophical system to which it should correspond."

This note summarizes the results of a social Cost–Benefit Analysis (CBA) of the High Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). The social CBA methodology is well-suited to assess social costs and benefits of the HL-LHC up to 2038. The analysis shows that the ratio between incremental benefits and incremental costs of the HL-LHC with respect to operating the LHC under normal consolidation (i.e. without high-luminosity upgrade) is slightly over 1.7, meaning that each Swiss Franc invested in the HL-LHC upgrade project pays back approximately 1.7 CHF in societal benefits. The rest of the note is organized as follows. We first discuss the merits of CBA; next, we present the methodology and discuss the results.

Critical infrastructures usually include those assets and services which are essential for the country, and the disruption or destruction of which would have a significant impact on the national security, economy, vital social functions, health, protection as well as social well-being, as assessed by the criteria of the government of the state. Owners or operators of critical infrastructures are state bodies, companies, institutions and other organizations responsible for investing in or responsible for the operation of a particular infrastructure capacity, system or part thereof. Since many of assets and services are not of state property or organised by the state, governments usually regulate the protection of critical infrastructures by legislation, defining who and in to what extent is obliged to carry out measures for the protection of critical infrastructures. This is the opportunity for private security firms since rare institutions, companies and even state bodies are capable to organise security on their own. In the article, a comparative study of Macedonia and Slovenia regarding the protection of critical infrastructures with special emphasis on the role of private security is presented. The paper comprises comparative analysis of the legal documents and practices of critical infrastructure protection in both countries. Although the critical infrastructure protection in Macedonia is relatively new field of work within private security, a steady growth and development in the last decade can be observed, while Slovenian private security has played quite important role in critical infrastructure protection long before Slovenian government designated both, the European critical infrastructure located in Slovenia, as well as critical infrastructure of national importance. Keywords: critical infrastructures, private security, Macedonia, Slovenia

The current immigration policies and problematic definitions are unfair to people seeking protection in the United States and elsewhere. Non-intersectional policies go against the work ethos of social workers. At the same time, without any federal support for asylum seekers and disparate state and city services, asylum seekers are denied fundamental human rights. Social workers are now pushed to work more closely with asylum seekers. They should thoroughly understand the structural issues around asylum policies and engage in policy advocacy to change outdated and unidimensional laws.

AbstractThis paper investigates the role of social capital in terms of trust and group membership in building household resilience to food insecurity. Using detailed 'Life in Kyrgyzstan' multi‐topic panel data, the research estimates resilience to food insecurity through the Resilience Index Measurement and Analysis (RIMA) approach, including different pillars and a resilience capacity index. The impact of social capital on resilience pillars and capacity is estimated using IV models for multiple endogenous variables. The results suggest that both trust and group membership positively affect resilience pillars and capacity.

AbstractMary Parker Follett was a feminist-pragmatist American philosopher, a social-settlement worker, a founding figure in the community centers movement, a mediator of labor disputes, and a theorist of political and social organization and management. I argue that she is a model for a certain kind of public philosopher, and I unpack the respects in which she serves as such a model. I emphasize both her virtues as a public thinker and the role played in her work by the process of integration and the creative process.

The study describes the impact of social structures like gender, geography race and ethnicity with reference to the lived experiences of failed suicide bombers in Pakistan. How power relations in their interactional contexts entails in unquestioned submission to militant organizations. Besides ideological charged social settings and overwhelming existence of terrorist organisation, specific regions and ethnicities in Pakistan exhibit unusual proclivity to suicide terrorism. Militant outfits feminize suicide terrorism out of strategic and political expediency and women are enlisted in their ranks mostly through physical coercion emotional exploitation and patriarchal pressures.

The term "internationalism" denotes a variety of impulses and initiatives that favoured and facilitated cooperation between individuals, groups, organisations or governments. The multifarious nature of internationalism meant that it manifested itself in different places and manifold ways. Rather than being informed by a coherent political or social agenda, internationalism was deployed by a wide array of political, social and cultural actors. This essay highlights such diversity and therefore approaches internationalism from several angles: as an idea, a narrative, a set of practices and a quest for international organisation.

In this article we discuss political culture and analyse how the dominant model of this culture affects the functioning of party pluralism in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Political culture is a concept that combines psychological aspects such as political attitudes, orientations, political behaviour and social action, as well as sociological dimensions that include the social effects of political attitudes and patterns of behaviour. In this sense, political culture is one of the most important conditions for the establishment and normal functioning of party pluralism and democracy in a country.

The article examines a charity in London at the end of the 15th–16th Centuries based on the material of the wills of merchants and artisans and their widows. The directions of the citizens's charity are identified: Church, social, cultural and educational, and specific forms of their manifestation are characterized from a gender perspective. The author shows that deep social changes and Reformation processes in Tudor England also caused serious transformations of spiritual, religious and moral values of people of that time, which was reflected in the charitable activities of Londoners.

In this article we discuss political culture and analyse how the dominant model of this culture affects the functioning of party pluralism in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Political culture is a concept that combines psychological aspects such as political attitudes, orientations, political behaviour and social action, as well as sociological dimensions that include the social effects of political attitudes and patterns of behaviour. In this sense, political culture is one of the most important conditions for the establishment and normal functioning of party pluralism and democracy in a country.

The focus of this thematic issue is on migrants' experiences of belonging and non-belonging, and how communities are constructed in the destination country. It includes a group of international scholars across disciplines who are studying migration in a range of different contexts. Migration spans multiple disciplines and encompasses a variety of epistemological, ontological and methodological orientations. Despite such divergent approaches and positions however, there is consensus across the social sciences that understanding the dynamics of migration and mobilities is central to illuminating social relations within societies.

Anecdotal and experimental evidence suggests that at least some consumers change their purchasing behavior in response to the values, reputations, and political activity of corporations. Using two nationally-representative surveys and a third survey of registered voters, we find Americans' engagement in boycotts and/or buycotts for political or social reasons to be widespread. Social media activity, political knowledge, ideological intensity, and an interest in politics are significantly associated with political-consumer behavior. Among partisans, we find both instrumental and expressive partisanship to be significant predictors of political consumerism.

The author writes about the late Professor Jerzy Szacki, who died in 2016 and was a world-renowned sociologist and historian of social thought. She presents him as a scholar, teacher, citizen, and private person, trying to establish the facts as precisely as possible and placing them in the context of Polish social life from the Second World War to today. She draws on the available sources and on her own memories as one of Professor Szacki's students and later as a member of the same academic milieu.