Suchergebnisse

Am 21.01.2015 wurde in Österreich ein neues Fortpflanzungsmedizingesetz beschlossen, welches unter anderen nun die Präimplantationsdiagnostik auch in Österreich ermöglicht und für mehr Gleichstellung zwischen Mann und Frau sorgt. Wie viele Bereiche in der modernen Medizin, werden auch die Reproduktionsmedizin und die damit einhergehenden humangenetischen Untersuchungen häufig Thema in ethischen Diskussionen. Besonders die Änderung des österreichischen Gesetzes für Fortpflanzungsmedizin entfachte diese Debatte erneut in den Medien und der Politik. Selbst innerhalb des Parlaments besteht keine vollständige Einigkeit darüber. Im internationalen Vergleich weist der Inhalt der Gesetzestexte der deutschsprachigen Länder Europas bereits meist eine grundlegende Vereinheitlichung der Rechtslage auf, es zeigen sich jedoch noch feine Unterschiede im Bereich der Präimplantationsdiagnostik und Eizellspende. Während aufgrund des FMedG neu, Österreich nun hinsichtlich der Präimplantationsdiagnostik dieselbe Ausgangslage für Paare wie Deutschland und der Schweiz anzubieten vermag, scheint doch die österreichische Gesetzeslage weniger Spielraum zu bieten, als das deutsche und schweizer Gesetz es ermöglicht. Wie zum Beispiel, warum die Möglichkeit einer Präimplantationsdiagnostik nicht auf die Indikationen für eine Pränataldiagnostik erweitern? Oder das Alter für Empfängerinnen einer Eizellspende erhöhen? Daher wirft dieses Gesetz ebenso neue Punkte der Kritik in seinen strikten Ausführungen zum Thema Präimplantationsdiagnostik und Eizellspende auf die zukünftig neu diskutiert und die zu einer Reduktion des Medizintourismus in andere Länder und zu mehr sozialer Gerechtigkeit beitragen können. ; On 21.1.2015 in Austria a new law on reproductive medicine was introduced, which now allows the preimplantation genetic diagnosis and more equality between men and women in Austria. Like many areas of modern medicine, also the reproductive medicine and the associated human genetic studies are often topic in ethical discussions. In particular, the amendment of the Austrian law on reproductive medicine sparked this debate again in the media and politics.There is no full consensus, even within Parliament. In an international comparison, the content of the laws of the German-speaking countries in Europe already shows basic similarities, however, it still shows subtle differences in the field of preimplantation genetic diagnosis and oocyte donation. While due to the new FMedG, Austria can now offer the same starting point for couples such as Germany and Switzerland in terms of pre-implantation diagnosis, but the Austrian legislation appears to offer less flexibility than the German and Swiss law allows. How, for example, why not enhance the possibility of pre-implantation diagnosis to the indications for prenatal diagnosis? Or increase the age for recipients of egg donation? Therefore, this new law raises also new points of criticism in its strict remarks about preimplantation diagnosis and oocyte donation. These points should be rediscussed in the future and can contribute to a reduction in medical tourism to other countries and to greater social justice. ; Viktoria Kahr ; Zsfassungen in dt. und engl. Sprache ; Graz, Univ., Masterarb., 2015 ; (VLID)1006739

Mobile money (m-money) refers to the use of mobile phones to perform financial and banking functions. However, the technology is far ahead of the infrastructure of financial and technical network service providers needed for an m-money system to function. This study was undertaken to increase the understanding of m-money and to address key issues in scaling up development of m-money services globally. It examines the potential demand for m-money, national regulatory environments, major obstacles, and the requirements of potential service providers and networks to run m-money services as viable businesses. Four countries - Brazil, Nigeria, Sri Lanka, and Thailand - each of which represents a different world region, socioeconomic situation, and financial sector context, were included in the study. The countries were analyzed in terms of m-money business models, money flows and demand, potential user perceptions and behavior, regulations, and agent networks. In each country, an m-money service provider acted as a partner institution. To place these four countries in the wider context of m-money developments, three case studies - Japan, Kenya, and the United States were also examined. The size of potential opportunities for m-money were quantified through demand estimates and compared with estimates in the three reference countries. Chapter one provides an introduction to the study's objectives and context, and explains the definition and positioning of m-money used in this report. Chapter two presents case studies of the prominent m-money countries Kenya and Japan, as well as the United States. Chapter three presents an overview of the four country study findings and analysis. Chapter four describes the m-money business models adopted in each country and the challenges that each country faces. Chapter five concludes by placing each country along an m-money demand curve and explains the impact of this placement on the development of an opportunity for m-money.

Aotearoa New Zealand's high research overheads are internationally anomalous, and are over 100% of directly accounted for research costs such as salary, consumables and operating expenses. This means that the majority of taxpayer-derived funding provided by the Government to public institutions is difficult or impossible to properly account for. They also serve as a constant source of tension and confusion for all international migration and collaboration in the research sector.

Aotearoa New Zealand's high research overheads are internationally anomalous, and are over 100% of directly accounted for research costs such as salary, consumables and operating expenses. This means that the majority of taxpayer-derived funding provided by the Government to public institutions is difficult or impossible to properly account for. They also serve as a constant source of tension and confusion for all international migration and collaboration in the research sector.

A combination of Psychology with International Relations yields important results and ideas for improving the international world. This chapter proposes to establish International Political Psychology as a discipline with the purpose of harvesting ideas, theories and concepts that derive out of a combination of the above disciplines.

"The hospitality sector is facing increasing competition and complexity over recent decades on its development towards a global industry. The strategic response to this is still that hospitality companies try to grow outside their traditional territories and domestic markets, while the expansion patterns and M&A activities of international hotel and restaurant chains reflect this phenomenon. Interestingly, the strategies, concepts and methods of internationalization as well as the managerial and organizational challenges and impacts of globalizing the hospitality business are yet under-researched in the field of hospitality. While the mainstream research on international management offers an abundance of information and knowledge on topics, players, trends, concepts, frameworks or, methodologies, its ability to produce viable insights for the hospitality industry is limited, as the mainstream of research is taking place outside of the service sector. Specific research directions and related cases like the international dimensions of strategy, organization, marketing, sales, staffing, control, culture and others to the hospitality industry, are rarely identifiable so far. The core rationale of this book is therefore to present newest insights from research and industry in the field of international hospitality, drawing together recent scientific knowledge and state-of-the-art expertise to suggest directions for future work. It is designed to raise awareness on the international factors influencing the strategy and performance of hospitality organizations, while analyzing and discussing the present and future challenges for hospitality firms going or being international. This book will provide a comprehensive overview and deeper understanding of trends and issues to researchers, practitioners and students by showing how to master current and future challenges when entering and competing in the global hospitality industry"--