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Citizens around the world look to the state for social welfare provision, but often struggle to access essential services in health, education, and social security. This book investigates the everyday practices through which citizens of the world's largest democracy make claims on the state, asking whether, how, and why they engage public officials in the pursuit of social welfare. Drawing on extensive fieldwork in rural India, Kruks-Wisner demonstrates that claim-making is possible in settings (poor and remote) and among people (the lower classes and castes) where much democratic theory would be unlikely to predict it. Examining the conditions that foster and inhibit citizen action, she finds that greater social and spatial exposure - made possible when individuals traverse boundaries of caste, neighborhood, or village - builds citizens' political knowledge, expectations, and linkages to the state, and is associated with higher levels and broader repertoires of claim-making

"At the heart of this book is the rapid pace of change, the need to invest in and create good jobs and support the learning that this entails. It brings together a range of socio-cultural perspectives to examine the hard issues in relation to digitalisation, identity, work design, and affordances for learning, mediated by the ecosystems within which work, and the workplace is positioned. The contributors take a strong social justice perspective that seeks to uncover commonly held assumptions about where the responsibility for workplace learning lies, how to understand workplace learning from a range of different perspectives, and what it all means for practitioners and researchers in the field. The first section sets the scene in its theorization of the role and place of workplace learning in the context of changing circumstances. The second section brings together a rich collection of investigations into workplace learning that address the challenges of rapidly changing circumstances. In the final section, authors consider what workplace learning in changing circumstances means for change practitioners, the changing roles of human resource practitioners, and for workers and quality work. This volume will appeal to graduate and post-graduate students, and academics as well as practitioners such as adult educators, and human resource personnel"--

German unification is changing central Europe, the EC and international economic and political relations. Prosperous West Germany with its "social market economy" has absorbed the socialist GDR which is facing a complex systemic tranformation process. This volume analyzes the causes, developments, and processes that are associated with German unification. The merger of the two Germanies provides a unique laboratory like example of institutional and economic changes against which established economic theoreis and economic policy concepts can be tested. German unification raises, of course, many new questions for Grmany itself, Europe, and the whole international community. Will the enlarged Germany become a new economic giant in Europe and can the FRG maintain stability and prosperity? What macroeconomic and structural problems are faced by the new Germany and what are the effects for trade, investment, and growth in Germany`s partner countries? Will East Germany catch up with the West and can this process serve as a model forEastern Europe? What are the views of Poland and the USSR, and what implications arise for Western Europe and the United States? Finally, how isthe triangular relationship between the U.S., the EC, and Japan affected, and how does this affect the United States` ability to organize economic cooperation with Japan, Germany, and other leading economies?

"Retrieving the older but surprisingly neglected language of household governance, Economy of Force offers a radical new account of the historical rise of the social realm and distinctly social theory as modern forms of oikonomikos - the art and science of household rule. The techniques and domestic ideologies of household administration are highly portable and play a remarkably central role in international and imperial relations. In two late-colonial British 'emergencies' in Malaya and Kenya, and US counterinsurgencies in Vietnam, Afghanistan and Iraq, armed social work was the continuation of oikonomia - not politics - by other means. This is a provocative new history of counterinsurgency with major implications for social, political and international theory. Historically rich and theoretically innovative, this book will interest scholars and students across the humanities and social sciences, especially politics and international relations, history of social and political thought, history of war, social theory and sociology"--

Even if research on women who experience acts of aggression within their home is mostly conducted similarly to other research involving human participants, a type of research that implies both respect for individual autonomy and other particular rights (like informed consent, or the protection of personal data, while avoiding to do unnecessary physical, patrimonial or psychological harm to those who take part in the research), the ones who fall victims acts of abuse in their household present a series of particularities that represent as many specific aspects of the research. The purpose of this paper is to identify these specific aspects and analyze the way to make sure that those particularities are the manner in which they must be taken into account in order to carry out ethical research.

New digital technologies change human nature and social life. How does it happen? They do this through processes of hybridization of the human. Is it still possible to talk about humanism in a society that so powerfully transforms humanity? Does it make sense to bet on a new relational essentialism that preserves the dignity of the human being?.

Intro -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Problem definition -- 1.2 Structure of the book -- 2 Literature Review -- 2.1 Historical Account of Indonesian National Development (Communication): From the Authoritarian to a Democratic System -- 2.1.1 The Old Order (Orde Lama): "Politics as the Commander" -- 2.1.2 The New Order (Orde Baru): "Economy as the Commander" -- 2.1.3 Reformasi: Transition to Democracy -- 2.2 The Power Struggle Between Center-periphery -- 2.2.1 Decentralization Policy or Regional Autonomy -- 2.2.2 Changes in National Development Policies -- 2.2.3 Contextualizing Desa: Re-pluralization of Desa as a Means to Empower the Periphery -- 2.2.4 Social and Cultural Marginalization of Desa -- 2.3 Rural Internet in Indonesia -- 3 Theoretical Framework -- 3.1 Development Communication -- 3.1.1 Definitions of Development Communication -- 3.1.2 Paradigms of Development (Communication) Studies -- 3.1.3 Positioning ICT in Development Practices: ICT4D as the Common term -- 3.2 The Public Sphere(s) -- 3.3 Structural Theory of Imperialism -- 3.3.1 Communicational and Structural Relations of Center and Periphery -- 3.3.2 Power Dimension in Center-periphery Relations -- 3.4 Theoretical Matrix -- 4 Research Objectives -- 5 Methodology -- 5.1 Grounded Theory -- 5.2 Participatory Observation -- 5.2.1 Degree of Participation and the Role of the Researcher -- 5.2.2 Enter and Exit Strategy -- 5.3 Data Analysis of Grounded Theory Method -- 5.3.1 Coding Process 1: Open or Initial Coding -- 5.3.2 Coding process 2: Focused or Selective Coding (Theoretical Coding) -- 5.3.3 Memo-writing -- 5.4 Limitations of the Research -- 5.5 Ethical Issues -- 5.6 Methodological Reflections -- 6 Research Field, Subjects and Informants -- 6.1 Melung Village.

This thesis has two aims. The first aim is to set out an argument for social insurance in the form of compulsory income insurance in the event of sickness or unemployment, and to explore two lines of arguments for social insurance policies that are commonly associated with an active welfare state that seeks to prevent or reduce reliance on social insurance. The second aim is to outline and defend an account of legitimacy that takes moral autonomy seriously by making legitimacy partly dependent on our entrenched values and preferences. The first aim is relevant for articles I-VI. In article I it is argued that the extent to which behavioural responses to social insurance is seen as ethically problematic, it is primarily a problem that concerns the institution rather than the morality of the individual whose behaviour is influenced by social insurance. Thus, insofar as behavioural responses to social insurance are an ethical problem, it is a problem for political philosophy rather than individual ethics. In article II an argument for social insurance in the form of compulsory income insurance in the event of sickness or unemployment is presented, viz. the argument from autonomy. It is based on a concern for the protection of our identity according to what is called a "thick" conception of the person, which holds that our identities as separate persons are constituted by our central aims and commitments. It is also argued that contrary to what has been claimed by its opponents; social insurance needs not lead to the bad risks exploiting the good risks, or be head-on in conflict with individual freedom. Article III identifies normative issues that deserve attention in relation to in relation to a general introduction of prevention policies in social insurance and market insurance. It is argued that the importance of these issues suggests that arguments and distinctions drawn from moral and political philosophy should play a more prominent role both in the debate on the shift towards an active welfare state and the ...

Abstract: COVID-19 spread rapidly worldwide and became a pandemic disease in April 2020. During this period, various medical complications of this disease have been reported, but less attention has been paid to the cognitive aspects caused by the pandemic. In this review article, an attempt has been made to address the cognitive aspects of COVID-19 disease. Importantly, this disease has caused people to use their hands lesser than before the pandemic. It also forces the people to escape from the contaminated regions. In addition, mental fatigue resulting from long-term quarantine and staying at home, social jet lag due to changes in the hours of use of artificial light, economic problems, and poverty resulting from a long-lasting lockdown, are also the consequences of the pandemic. All of these consequences can be led to chronic psychological stress, which may induce several metabolic, immunological, cardiovascular, and psychological impairments and/or disorders. These outcomes indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic is a complicated issue that would not be resolved by considering the epidemiologic rules. There is an urgent need for a new branch of science which could be called "Pandemiology", which could be categorized as a sub-branch of cognitive science. Pandemiology seems to be an interdisciplinary science and uses the social sciences, psychology, neuroscience, art, economy, politics, medicine, biology, media, and other sciences to better deal with the complications of such emerging pandemics. Keywords: Cognitive Function, COVID-19, Epidemiology, Pandemiology

In Borrowing Together, Becky Hsu examines the social aspects of the most intriguing element of group-lending microfinance: social collateral. She investigates the details of the social relationships among fellow borrowers and between borrowers and lenders, finding that these relationships are the key that explains the outcomes in rural China. People access money through their social networks, but they also do the opposite: cultivate their social relationships by moving money. Hsu not only looks closely at what transpired in the course of a microfinance intervention, but also reverses the gaze to examine the expectations that brought the program to the site in the first place. Hsu explains why microfinance's 'articles of faith' failed to comprehend the influence of longstanding relationships and the component of morality, and how they raise doubts - not only about microfinance - but also about the larger goals of development research.