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Critical Discourse Analysis is one of the language studies to uncover certain ideology particularly gender ideology. This research aimed to find out the language choice from the text writer both lexically and grammatically based on the experiential meaning. In addition, it aims to figure out the ideological value contained in discourse text. The data used in this research are 23 clauses in which there are woman words. The data were analyzed by using Critical Discourse Analysis (description, interpretation, and explanation) and Systemic Functional Linguistics approach. The data collection method was used documentation method with non-participatory observation and note-taking techniques. The data were analized by using content analysis method with abductive inferential technique. The result of this research shows that the reflected ideology based on lexical is revealed through the classification pattern (reality depiction), struggled for-ideology words, rewording (showing equality), meaning relation, and metaphor (picturing reality using symbol). In addition, the reflected ideology based on the grammatical is indicated by transitivity namely material process (projecting agent without goal, and target of action and policies), exixtential process (patriarchy bound), nominalization and passivation (hiding agent to cover actors), and negative sentence (defense on woman nature and condition). Then The structure text is analytical exposition consisting of thesis, argumentation, elaboration, and reiteration. Key words: experiential meaning, SFL, CDA, ideology

In this paper I analyse the time as a social dimension in the aesthe- tic of Terra em transe (1967) through Paulo Martin's poetry, Glauber Rocha's alter ego. From Brecht's theoretical ideas, I propose that verbal poetical language was very important because through its re- presentations of time I can study its lyrical relevance: its dramatic quality and its capacity to show the emotional transitions and political movements of the protagonist. At the moment I analyse its aesthetics specificity, this one makes me think in its complex relations with other artistic languages involved on the film and its contributions to achieve the film in the Brazilian military dictatorship context (1964-1985). ; En el presente estudio analizo el tiempo como dimensión social enla estética de Terra em transe (1967) a través de la poesía de PauloMartins, alter ego de Glauber Rocha. A partir de las ideas de Brechtpropongo que el lenguaje poético verbal tuvo una gran importancia, pues mediante sus representaciones temporales se puede rastrear surelevancia lírica: por su dramaticidad y capacidad de transmitir lostránsitos emocionales y oscilaciones políticas del protagonista. Alanalizar su especificidad estética, ésta remite a su compleja relacióncon los otros lenguajes comprendidos en el registro fílmico y aportesa la realización de la película en el contexto de la dictadura militarbrasileña (1964-1985).

The article examines the common global phenomenon of indigenous urbanization. In Finland, more than 75 % of the indigenous Sámi children are born outside the Sámi Homeland area. The development is fast and poses different kind of challenges for the entire Sámi society and culture. Youth and women are more likely to settle in urban areas and it is their Sáminess that is to survive or die in the cities. Indigenousness is no longer tied with traditional livelihoods or land use but instead requires other forms of cultural maintenance. In the contemporary situation Sámi have started through their own associations and networks require more appropriate services in the cities, including Sámi language learning in the schools and kindergartens. This is not always satisfactory. The article evaluates the existing international and domestic (Finland) legislation in regard to Sámi language, but also the implementation of these rights in practice. The author would like to acknowledge that the article is based on a joint research project called NUORGÁV – An urban future for Sápmi?, between Norway, Sweden, Finland and Russia, where it is studied how Sámi youth organize and network to impact urban Sámi policy. The project is funded by the Research Council of Norway and administrated by Norwegian Institute for Urban and Regional Research (NIBR).

Catholics in Belarus: the Deconstruction of Polish Identity?The article discusses the transformations in the national identification of members of the younger generation of Catholics in Belarus through the context of the language changes resulting from the use of Belarussian in the Catholic Church and the increasing prestige attached to this language. The political transformations at the turn of the 1980s and 1990s, which led to modifications in the situation of the Church in Belarus, have influenced these processes. Simultaneously, the model of religiosity has undergone reconstruction so that it has gradually ceased to be linked with issues of national identification. Religious practices are becoming a more personal matter and are less dependent on social pressure. Similarly, the choice of one's nationality in a diverse society have become an individual matter. Katolicy na Białorusi. Czy dekonstrukcja polskiej tożsamości?Tematem artykułu są przemiany identyfikacji narodowej młodego pokolenia katolików na Białorusi w kontekście zmian językowych związanych z używaniem w Kościele katolickim języka białoruskiego oraz wzrostem prestiżu tego języka. Do tych procesów przyczyniły się przeobrażenia polityczne przełomu lat osiemdziesiątych i początku dziewięćdziesiątych XX wieku, które przyniosły zmianę w sytuacji Kościoła na Białorusi. Równolegle miała miejsce przebudowa modelu religijności, który powoli odchodzi od zagadnień identyfikacji narodowej. Praktyki religijne i stają się sprawą osobistą, i mniej zależą od presji społecznej. Również wybory narodowościowe w zróżnicowanym społeczeństwie są sprawą indywidualną.

In the Philippines, "sex-sell" advertisements (ads), particularly the 2011 billboard by Bench featuring the Volcano Philippine Rugby Team, have been controversial. Community leaders view the ads as being offensive to the socio-cultural values of the community in which the ad is distributed. In response, producers of the ads contend that their works are merely creative options within the frames of the law. This paper approaches the arguments by investigating the linguistic functions of sex-sell ads through the grammatical analysis of its visual syntax. Using the framework of multimodal discourse analysis in visual semiotics, the paper demonstrates how grammar in visual language is compatible with the systemic functional language of Halliday (1985) as applied in the visual design theories of Kress (2006) and van Leeuwen (2005). The multimodal approach to the analysis of the linguistic functions of sexually implicit billboard ads seek to demonstrate the social semiotic perspective in the construction of meaning in print ads, how ambiguous visual lexicon can occur, and how a dissonant visual assemblage invites resistant reading. Through this discursive analysis, the paper hopes to promote a critical awareness among the passive interpreters of texts (i.e. general public information consumers) and the institutions (e.g. education, creative industry) that actively participate in the discourse, design, production, and distribution of meaning in advertising texts and images.

Despite the consensus in the literature regarding the importance of organizational abilities in performing daily tasks, currently there is no assessment that focuses exclusively on such abilities among young children. The study aims to develop a Questionnaire for Assessing Preschoolers' Organizational Abilities (QAPOA), Parents' and Teachers' versions, and to examine their reliability and validity. QAPOA was distributed to preschool teachers and parents of 215 typically developing 4–5.6-year-old children. The teachers' and parents' versions demonstrated good internal consistency. Factor analysis performed to examine the tool's content validity yielded two factors: motor-based and language-based OA. Furthermore, both versions of the questionnaire demonstrated significant differences between OA among boys and girls. Concurrent validity was demonstrated between the QAPOA total scores and the equivalent subscale of the BRIEF-P. Given these findings, different cut-off scores were established for identifying boys and girls with either motor-based and/or language-based OA. The results indicate that both the teachers' and parents' versions of the QAPOA are reliable and valid measures of children's organizational abilities. The questionnaires can assess and identify risk for organizational disabilities as early as preschool age. Thus, it can contribute to the planning of appropriate intervention programs and the prevention of difficulties in the future.

This paper contrasts students' perceptions of feedback practices on written texts and their utilization of the feedback against formative assessment pedagogy. It uses observations of nine lessons of English writing in combination with semi-structured interviews of 39 first year upper secondary students in Norway. The findings show that students in general appreciate the feedback, but have diverging views about the different types and forms of feedback provided. The majority want to have one-to-one discussions with the teacher about their texts in addition to written feedback, and to receive more specific comments on both content and language. Most are content to use feedback in a delayed fashion, as a reference point for future writings. This is a result from the working routine in the classrooms where feedback in most cases comes with a grade – without a strict requirement to follow-up comprehensively, with the exception of correcting language errors. The findings highlight the primacy of form in the feedback provided and, in more than one way, poor quality formative feedback from the students' perspective. It concludes that in order to maximize the formative potential of feedback there is a need to make it more usable, e.g. by giving it to ungraded texts and asking students to produce improved work based on feedback.

This article sets out to broaden our understanding of the significance of authenticity, locality and language for the development of a do-it-yourself (DIY) rap music career by taking male rap artists in Austria as an example. Drawing on interviews carried out in 2014–2015 with two groups of rap artists from different social and cultural backgrounds who embarked on their rap music careers in the early 1990s and the early 2000s, we analyse their rap lyrics and the social and economic contexts in which these individuals became rappers. We examine how the artists articulate claims to authenticity by appropriating African-American rap styles, meanings and idioms and blending them with local languages and references to local cultures and national politics. We also examine the rappers' relationship to the music industry and the use of informal channels for the production, performance and consumption of rap and hip hop in general. The article suggests that the DIY careers of these rap artists depend on both the rappers' use of music to articulate claims to authenticity and their ability to form (trans-)local networks for sharing skills, knowledge and other resources, as well as on Austria's cultural policy and the changes in the music industry that have taken place in recent years.

ABSTRACT
Introduction/BackgroundThe ability to link datasets within the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) databank provides researchers with a powerful tool to analyse multiple datasets. The ability to combine several datasets also has the adverse effect of potential identification of an individual. Further encrypting linkage fields at a project level limits the links to datasets specific to the project only. This presentation discusses the opensource web based administration tool that programmatically applies project encryption in a consistent and timely manner, logging administrator actions.
Objectives1). Identify encryption methodology2). Programme encryption steps and log steps 3). Design and implement web based user administration tool
ApproachUtilising existing Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) databank security, providing researchers with a view of their data, separating data linkage fields into a separate secure lookup table. Using Python programming language to automate the Structured Query Language (SQL) scripts required to accomplish this, as well as Python packages to interact with the databank and web based administration tool.
ResultsProject encrypted views created for several projects and scores of datasets. Encrypted linkage fields unique to each project ensuring views across projects can not be linked either to each other or the original datasets.
ConclusionEncryption process is programmable and administered through web tool.

Recent decades have seen issues of asylum seeking and border security feature heavily in Australian federal elections, with significant campaign time and money dedicated to the promotion of border security policies that seek to limit the number of boats carrying asylum seekers. In this article, we investigate the language of threat and the construction of asylum seekers as a "threat to national security," we suggest that this language can be traced to the 2001 "Tampa crisis," and that while there have been brief phases where a "humane" approach to the arrival of asylum seekers was present, the asylum seeker "issue" overall has been exploited by major political parties to generate positive election outcomes at the expense of Australia's humanitarian obligations. We argue that the current perception of Australia's border protection laws are a form of "compassionate deterrence," where inhumane treatment of asylum seekers is justified on the basis of "saving lives."Related Articles

Byrne, Jennifer. 2016. "." Politics & Policy 44 (): 751‐782. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12169/full


Green, David, and
Yoshihiko Kadoya. 2015. "." Politics & Policy 43 (): 59‐93. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12109/full


Silverman, Stephanie J. 2012. "'." Politics & Policy 40 (): 1131‐1157. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2012.00393.x/full

AbstractDaily life with children who have complex health needs can be stressful for parents. Immigrant parents are vulnerable to stress because they may lack language skills and knowledge about the health care system and have limited social networks. In this study, we focus on how immigrant parents of children with complex health needs use emotion‐focused and problem‐focused coping strategies to manage their daily life, and how their self‐efficacy and the immigration process may affect their coping. This qualitative study had an exploratory design with individual and focus group interviews. The sample comprised 27 parents—18 mothers and 9 fathers—from Pakistan, Poland, and Vietnam. The findings indicated that the parents' love for their child helps them to cope in their daily life. Newly arrived migrants, single mothers with a severely ill child who lacked support and migrant parents with language difficulties struggle to cope. Some of the stress is related to personal, social and structural problems, and to the insufficient resources available to meet the child's needs. The parents used both emotion‐focused and problem‐focused coping strategies. The parents noted that access to both universal and selective welfare services is an important factor that contributed to their self‐efficacy and coping.

ABSTRACTIn this article, I consider Polynesian genealogies, which took the form of epic poems composed and recited by specialist genealogists, and were handed down orally through generations of Polynesians. Some were written down in the nineteenth century, reaching an English-speaking audience through a number of works largely neglected by historians. In recent years, some anthropologists have downplayed the possibility of learning anything significant about Polynesian thought through English-language sources, but I show that there is still fresh historical insight to be gained in demonstrating how genealogies came to interact with the traditions of outsiders in the nineteenth century. While not seeking to make any absolute claims about genealogy itself, I analyse a wide body of English-language literature, relating chiefly to Hawai'i, and see emerging from it suggestions of a dynamic Polynesian oral tradition responsive to political, social, and religious upheaval. Tellingly, Protestant missionaries arriving in the islands set their own view of history against this supposedly irrelevant tradition, and in doing so disagreed with late nineteenth-century European and American colonists and scholars who sought to emphasize the historical significance of genealogy. Thus, Western ideas about history found themselves confounded and fragmented by Polynesian traditions. ; This is the author accepted manuscript. It is currently under an indefinite embargo pending publication by Cambridge University Press.

Speech Acts theories have been a considerable revolution in the developments of pragmatics as a discipline. However, pragmatics cannot be fully studied without taking in consideration discourse analysis, since they are closely joint with each other. Undoubtedly, political discourse has been a major domain of language use that has attracted the interests of researchers for a long while. This is because political discourse is a complex human activity that deserves critical study particularly because of its central place in the organization and management of society. This study investigates the role of language in the communication and interpretation of intentions by examining selected political speeches as pieces of discourse with specific goals. Since the politician`s speech is mainly concerned with persuading or making the others believe what you are saying, the Speech Acts play the most important role. It presents and documents some of the significant illocutionary acts that convey the intentions of speakers in political speeches. Firstly, we will provide the theoretical explanation of the two main theories concerning Speech acts, Austin`s and Searle`s ones. Secondly, we will try to analyze the first Edi Rama`s victorious political speech after the general elections held in Albania in June 2013 concerning Speech Acts and their categorizations. Article visualizations:

The present study is aimed at assessing the preferences of ninth standard students in various situations of situational approach of English language teaching. All the ninth standard students studying in the high and higher secondary schools in Thanjavur district form the population of the study. 200 ninth standard students have chosen randomly to form the sample of the study. Percentage analysis was the only statistical technique adopted to compute the number of students preferring each situation. A rating scale for student's preference towards different situations was prepared and validated by the researcher to collect data. The percentage analysis of the collected data reveals that real life situations are the most preferred situation from the situational approach by ninth standard students; whereas verbal situation is the least preferred by them. Male students, Students from rural area, Students from government and aided schools have more preference towards real life situations; whereas female students, Students from urban area, Students from private schools shown preference towards classroom situations. Without any difference, all the category of students prefers verbal situations as the least effective situations of situational approach of teaching learning process. These findings may be handy in making aware of teachers to use various situations to teach language in the classrooms.

In this dissertation I reconsider the temporality of modernity by problematizing the idea of progress through an ethnographic illustration of how competitive pressures between middle class families in Delhi, India, striving for transnational social mobility, serve to redouble caste and patriarchal forms of domination and subordination within the family economy. My research intersects mobility and kinship studies with its theoretical focus on the ways that middle class identity is mobilized strategically in a new economic context of neoliberal development, where gains and losses are a constant destabilizing force. I argue that India has become more specialized in its economic contributions to world capitalism, by playing on cultivated strengths, such as informal labor and the extended family. Taking kinship as a focus of my ethnographic study, the following chapters reach from observations of childhood favoritism, to the power struggles of married couples, to the 'uncles' that smooth over conflicts arising from the state's economic monitoring, to grandparents' transgenerational narratives of the Partition that tore apart the Punjab in 1947-8. The depth of my ethnographic data frees my analysis from the usually obligatory choice between the language of culture and the language of economy, and ties the intimate family lives of the multifarious Delhi middle class to their roles in the world market.