Suchergebnisse

ITALIANO: Puntando l'attenzione sul particolare contesto storico-politico del Regno di Napoli in età aragonese (1442-1503), il volume esplora la varietà dei linguaggi connessi con la prassi politica (linguaggi giuridici, letterari, artistici, politici), analizzati nelle loro specificità, ma anche nelle reciproche osmotiche relazioni. Punto di riflessione conclusivo dopo un convegno organizzato a Napoli, integra prospettive e competenze interdisciplinari, mettendo alla prova e affinando l'idea di un graduale sviluppo di un organismo complesso che – attraverso la letteratura, l'oratoria, la trattatistica politica, le rappresentazioni artistiche e le pratiche amministrative – va nella direzione della creazione di un "sistema statuale", che pure opera ancora sotto la guida della sovranità. / ENGLISH: The book focuses on the particular historical-political context of the Kingdom of Naples in the Aragonese period (1442-1503), and explores the variety of languages related to political practice: juridical, literary, artistic, political languages are analyzed in their specificities, but also in their reciprocal osmotic relations. This volume offers a conclusive reflection after a conference organized in Naples, and integrates interdisciplinary perspectives. It tests and refines the hypothesis concerning the gradual development of a complex organism that – through literature, oratory, political treatises, artistic representations and administrative practices – goes in the direction of a "state system", which still operates under the guidance of sovereignty.

Unter dem Motto 'Brücken gestalten – mit Deutsch verbinden: Menschen – Lebenswelten – Kulturen' fand 2017 in Freiburg (CH) die XVI. Internationale Tagung der Deutschlehrerinnen und Deutschlehrer (IDT) statt. Die Ziele der IDT sind: - über den aktuellen Stand von Forschung und Entwicklung im Fach Deutsch als Fremdsprache (DaF) und Deutsch als Zweitsprache (DaZ) informieren; - die Zusammenarbeit der DaF- und DaZ-Akteure weltweit und innerhalb der deutschsprachigen Länder fördern; - bildungspolitische Akzente setzen. Die drei Tagungsbände widerspiegeln diese Ziele in vielfältiger Weise und konturieren sie zukunftsgerichtet. Dieser Band versammelt eine Auswahl der Hauptvorträge der IDT 2017. Die Beiträge zeichnen Entwicklungslinien des Faches nach, diskutieren aktuelle Arbeitsfelder und zeigen durch Einbezug von Bezugswissenschaften wie der Linguistik, der Spracherwerbsforschung und der Mehrsprachigkeitsdidaktik die Interdisziplinarität des Feldes auf. Darüber hinaus widmen sich die Beiträge konkreten Lehr- und Lerngegenständen, der Diskussion um Schwerpunkte in der Ausbildung von Lehrpersonen sowie der kulturellen Dimensionen des Sprachunterrichts. Die Beiträge richten sich an Forschende und in der Praxis tätige Personen und können diesen neue Impulse und Anregungen für ihre Tätigkeiten geben. The XVI International Conference of German Teachers (IDT), which in 2017 took place in Freiburg (CH), went under the slogan "Designing bridges - connecting through German: people – environments – cultures". The goals of the IDT are: • to inform about the current state of research and developments in the subjects German as a Foreign Language (DaF) and German as a Second Language (DaZ); • to promote the cooperation of DaF and DaZ stakeholders worldwide and within the German-speaking countries; • to highlight relevant topics within educational politics. The conference proceedings (in three volumes) reflect these objectives in a variety of ways and outline them in a forward-looking manner. Volume 1 brings together a selection of ...

The what3words commercial geocoding system, founded in 2013, allows to locate geographical positions through the algorithmic assignation of a combination of three words, a textual tag that replaces the uncomfortably numerical lat-long coordinates. Each position has a resolution of 3x3 meters, and this means that every movement in space results in a new word sequence. With the possibility of a literary approach in the background, which pairs the what3words app with experimental poetry, I will draw a connection with Locative media art, specifically in its "annotative" form, which gives priority to the digital enrichment of physical spaces. In this context, the immediacy of human language earns a position of absolute importance: moving between the opposing poles of criticism of an artistic system that makes use of government technologies, and the possibilities of intervention in everyday life, Locative art seems to have traced the path for several commercial operations since the early 2000s. The what3words service represents an extreme example of the circulation of human language in the neogeographical space of digital cartography. All of this will be reconstructed taking into consideration fundamental artworks, inscribing them in the outcome of commercial geotagging applications and linking with some categories of twentieth century critical thinking: activism, graffiti, or concepts evoked by the International Situationist, such as dérive and détournement, which still today seem to represent actualized aspects of public art.

In regions marked by socio-economic turmoil, the task of teaching bioethics to health professionals and researchers can be more challenging than elsewhere. To demonstrate this, in this article we describe some of our teaching experiences in the Democratic Republic of Congo over the past decade. A first difficulty is linguistic. Anglo-Saxon language and culture largely dominates the field of bioethics, complicating teaching and education for those who do not master the language. A second obstacle is conceptual. Bioethics is often misunderstood as reflection on technological developments in medicine, which distorts its objectives and narrows its scope, particularly in resource-constrained settings. A third difficulty is cultural and political. Ethics in this setting is difficult to distinguish from common morality and the work of moralists, who comment on problems in medicine from a religious standpoint. Moreover, when interacting with communities and institutions that are strongly hierarchical, the critical stance of bioethics can give rise to resistance and rejection. These are among the array of difficulties that undoubtedly have given rise to sharp critiques of bioethics training initiatives in developing countries, where the introduction of bioethics has been depicted as a form of Western imperialism. While taking these criticisms seriously, our experiences in the field show how these seemingly insurmountable difficulties can be transformed into (more or less) manageable challenges.

Abstract ˗ The University of Genoa and Minority Language Speakers. On the one hand, the Erasmus students; on the other foreign students, in our case Latin American speakers, who live permanently in the city or in the surrounding areas. The former object of a minimum communication attention from the Institution, the latter approved to the student rank and as such neither passively nor actively acting on the Linguistic landscape of the University. Not visually, at least. However, going to dig into the life stories of a group of Latin American students enrolled in the Department of Political Science in Genoa, we are faced with a group of learners who have very little to do with the children of the early diaspora that attest an unprecedented identity and linguistic repositioning of this important slice of the Genoese ethnoscape. The mature relationship with the language of the country of adoption, the use of Spanish in their families, the root of the community they belong to and the success aroused by the Spanish in the university classrooms, allows them to get closer in a learning environment without the insecurities and remorse observed in previous studies on linguistic contact in Genoa in education. This cannot but guide the educational choices and more generally the linguistic policy of a University naturally projected towards Latin America.

In this paper I analyse the time as a social dimension in the aesthe- tic of Terra em transe (1967) through Paulo Martin's poetry, Glauber Rocha's alter ego. From Brecht's theoretical ideas, I propose that verbal poetical language was very important because through its re- presentations of time I can study its lyrical relevance: its dramatic quality and its capacity to show the emotional transitions and political movements of the protagonist. At the moment I analyse its aesthetics specificity, this one makes me think in its complex relations with other artistic languages involved on the film and its contributions to achieve the film in the Brazilian military dictatorship context (1964-1985). ; En el presente estudio analizo el tiempo como dimensión social enla estética de Terra em transe (1967) a través de la poesía de PauloMartins, alter ego de Glauber Rocha. A partir de las ideas de Brechtpropongo que el lenguaje poético verbal tuvo una gran importancia, pues mediante sus representaciones temporales se puede rastrear surelevancia lírica: por su dramaticidad y capacidad de transmitir lostránsitos emocionales y oscilaciones políticas del protagonista. Alanalizar su especificidad estética, ésta remite a su compleja relacióncon los otros lenguajes comprendidos en el registro fílmico y aportesa la realización de la película en el contexto de la dictadura militarbrasileña (1964-1985).

The monetary crisis since 1998 that hit Indonesia, has a negative impact on the tourism business, which is marked by a decrease in the number of foreign tourist visits that have an impact on tourism economic activities. On that basis, in 2018 the Indonesian government has emphasized the importance of empowering existing natural potential and becoming a regional characteristic as a potential tourism activity. One of the programs launched by the area in Toraja is the improvement and management of agrotourism (agrotourism) with the image of the Toraja region, as the Coffee Regency. Based on the results of the research, one solution was found, namely the need for a variant of a tourist attraction that supports the main tourist attractions of Toraja, Tradition Culture (graves) and Tongkonan traditional houses. The potential variation of objects to be developed in Toraja is agrotourism which so far has not been fully developed. In developing agrotourism in Toraja, it is important to improve services from aspects of specific field languages (agrotourism), one of which is French. For this reason, the solution that can be given to tourism stakeholders is to provide language skills training through understanding and using French variants in agro-tourism. The results of this workshop show that participants are able to explain vocabulary and speak (communicate orally) in French in the field of agrotourism

Empathy is derived from Greek. Empathy can be generally defined as the ability of a person to know and feel the feelings of others. The ability of someone in delving into the feelings of others is capable of strengthening the relationship between the person with someone else. Empathy is seen as the way a person understands something problems experienced by others and strives to show that he's hard to understand the feelings of the person. Early Islam language is clear that picture liver beam represented through the behavior and use of language politeness that do not offend either to read or listen. As such, this paper will examine the practice of writing early speaking class of managers through management documents issued to the public based on a sense of empathy are shown. The review approach is to use analytical methods of document management documents obtained from selected government departments. Early writing speaking will be classified based on four key principles, namely, the most delicate, subtle, less fine and gross. The result saw the class Manager highly on related matters expressed impati. This is evident when there is a use of words in the form of empathy that is used in accordance with the context of the document was issued.

This paper is the first to describe the structure and content of the English language social science literature on food safety in China. To do this research we systematically searched Web of Science and Scopus, the most comprehensive indexes, using the terms &ldquo ; Food Safety&rdquo ; AND &ldquo ; China&rdquo ; OR &ldquo ; Chinese&rdquo ; . To focus our search results, we used the index features available on Web of Science and Scopus, and limited results to the English language, peer-reviewed journal articles, social sciences, and published in the period of 2009 to 2015. This resulted in 272 selected journal articles, with a final data set of 185 articles for review. A food safety system model we developed was used to classify and present the findings derived from content analysis of abstracts, titles, and keywords. Our findings show that the research reviewed is unevenly distributed across the components of the food safety system model. The greatest proportions of the literature reviewed focused on consumers, primary and secondary producers and products, and government legislators and regulators, respectively. Smaller proportions focused on food wholesalers, retailers, researchers, educators, and the media. Few of the articles reviewed used a model of the food safety system. None identified an explicit knowledge transfer strategy.

This research aims to investigate the situation of municipal waste management in the highlands of Chiang Rai, Thailand in order to formulate a preliminary strategic action plan for efficient management of municipal solid waste. In-depth interviews, questionnaires and discussions between government officers and community residents were conducted, in addition to analysis of the composition of solid waste in the municipality. SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) of current municipal waste management was performed and considered together with the assessment indicators of zero waste management: geo-administrative, socio-cultural, management, environment, economic, organization and governance and policy, in order to identify key domains and locally relevant indicators. The results pointed to two main weaknesses of municipal waste management: lack of knowledge, combined with low levels of implementation of best practice in waste management. This was attributed mainly to language barriers impeding knowledge exchange. To improve the prospects for a zero-waste community in these highland areas, there is a need to improve administration and the social attitudes by promoting the 3Rs concept and initiating waste utilization projects to raise awareness and consciousness within local communities. Importantly, imparting the knowledge of waste management using effective parent language for communication is a key success factor for enhancing the effectiveness of municipal waste management.

International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications(IJACSA), 9(10), 2018 ; Sentiment Analysis is problem of natural language processing which deals with the extraction and analysis of public sentiments shared about target entities over microbloging websites. This field has gained great attention due to the huge availability of decision making textual contents. Sentiment Analysis has enormous application areas such as; Market Analysis, Service Analysis, Showbiz analysis, Movies, sports and even the popularity and acceptance rate of political policies can also be predicted via sentiment analysis systems. Although tremendous volume of opinionative text is available but it is unstructured and noisy due to which sentiment classifiers can't achieve good outcomes. Normalization is the process used to clean noise from unstructured text for sentiment analysis. In this study we have proposed a mechanism for the normalization of informal and unstructured text. Proposed mechanism is comprised of four essential phases; Noise Reduction, Part of Speech Tagging, Stop Word Removal stemming and Lemmatization. Numerous experiments are performed on twitter data set with unsupervised lexicons and dictionaries. Python and Natural language toolkit is used for performing all four essential steps. This study demonstrates that utilization and normalization of informal tokens in tweets improved the overall classification accuracy from 75.42 to 82.357. ; http://thesai.org/Downloads/Volume9No10/Paper_11-Normalization_of_Unstructured_and_Informal_Text.pdf

The phenomenon of code-switching is an important issue in bilingualism. Many researchers have investigated its value in formal classroom teaching and learning activity. Code-switching in this study refers to the alternation of two languages, English and Indonesians, which happens during a conversation in social media. This study identified types and topics as well as investigated the factors that affect code switching in the online chatroom among 96 bilingual young adults. Cross-sectional survey design was used in this study. The data were collected through review of chats, questionnaire, and interview. Later, the data were analysed by using the statistics. The findings from the study revealed that the alumni of SMAN Sumatera Selatan mostly used intrasentential code- switching (67%), were interested in the topics of social, health, economics, politics, education, and technology, and their primary factor or reason of using code-switching was avoiding misunderstanding (75%). Other noted factors were: being easier to speak in own language (52.5%), not knowing the English words (28.7%), not similar words in L1/L2 (27.5%), filling the stopgap (25%), adding emphasis (25%), conveying intimacy (18.8%), and privacy (18.8%). In addition, the data revealed that the factors and the topics had a significant connection. Finally, codeswitching can be a useful strategy in online interaction if the aim is to maintain solidarity in an efficient way.

In December 2017, the Court of Justice of the European Union delivered its awaited decision on the Taricco II case, responding to a preliminary reference from the Italian Corte Costituzionale. The latter, unhappy with the outcome of the earlier Taricco I decision, asked for a re-interpretation of Article 325 TFEU and threatened the Court of Justice with the possible activation of its controlimiti doctrine. The CJEU partially 'corrected' its previous ruling and prevented an open conflict between EU law and Italian constitutional law. This case note discusses the saga and its three episodes against the background of the growing constitutional conversation between top European courts. It argues that Taricco is a positive episode of judicial dialogue and may further contribute to its consolidation: on one hand, constitutional courts are increasingly willing to 'play the game' and refer to the CJEU under Article 267 TFEU; on the other, the Court of Justice seems more reactive than in the past to constitutional courts' claims and now considers them with increasing attention and detail. Finally, the case note reflects on the partially diverging languages for constitutional dialogue: national courts use the language of constitutional identity, while the CJEU prefers to refer to the 'common constitutional principles of the EU'.

Critical Discourse Analysis is one of the language studies to uncover certain ideology particularly gender ideology. This research aimed to find out the language choice from the text writer both lexically and grammatically based on the experiential meaning. In addition, it aims to figure out the ideological value contained in discourse text. The data used in this research are 23 clauses in which there are woman words. The data were analyzed by using Critical Discourse Analysis (description, interpretation, and explanation) and Systemic Functional Linguistics approach. The data collection method was used documentation method with non-participatory observation and note-taking techniques. The data were analized by using content analysis method with abductive inferential technique. The result of this research shows that the reflected ideology based on lexical is revealed through the classification pattern (reality depiction), struggled for-ideology words, rewording (showing equality), meaning relation, and metaphor (picturing reality using symbol). In addition, the reflected ideology based on the grammatical is indicated by transitivity namely material process (projecting agent without goal, and target of action and policies), exixtential process (patriarchy bound), nominalization and passivation (hiding agent to cover actors), and negative sentence (defense on woman nature and condition). Then The structure text is analytical exposition consisting of thesis, argumentation, elaboration, and reiteration. Key words: experiential meaning, SFL, CDA, ideology

In this paper I analyse the time as a social dimension in the aesthe- tic of Terra em transe (1967) through Paulo Martin's poetry, Glauber Rocha's alter ego. From Brecht's theoretical ideas, I propose that verbal poetical language was very important because through its re- presentations of time I can study its lyrical relevance: its dramatic quality and its capacity to show the emotional transitions and political movements of the protagonist. At the moment I analyse its aesthetics specificity, this one makes me think in its complex relations with other artistic languages involved on the film and its contributions to achieve the film in the Brazilian military dictatorship context (1964-1985). ; En el presente estudio analizo el tiempo como dimensión social enla estética de Terra em transe (1967) a través de la poesía de PauloMartins, alter ego de Glauber Rocha. A partir de las ideas de Brechtpropongo que el lenguaje poético verbal tuvo una gran importancia, pues mediante sus representaciones temporales se puede rastrear surelevancia lírica: por su dramaticidad y capacidad de transmitir lostránsitos emocionales y oscilaciones políticas del protagonista. Alanalizar su especificidad estética, ésta remite a su compleja relacióncon los otros lenguajes comprendidos en el registro fílmico y aportesa la realización de la película en el contexto de la dictadura militarbrasileña (1964-1985).