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In nowadays Ukrainian society, there are pretty many events at the intersection of conflict situations that require understanding, dialogue, and platforms to build connections between members of different social communities. One of the ecological ways of building dialogue is social theater.Each theater is inherently social, but we talk about free theatrical format aimed at public dialogue. In general, public dialogue is a dialogue between classes and social groups to reconcile their interests in the distribution of economic, political and cultural resources. In a specific definition, it is also the process of proclamation and converging positions so that to reach an understanding and making common decisions across different social groups.Modern forms of the social theater include playback (narrative theater), forum theater (oppressed, invisible, etc.), educational theater (medicine, pedagogy), therapeutic theater, theater in the proposed circumstances (prison theatre, Theatre of War Productions), performances (museum theater, improvisation). Mostly they are spontaneously organized by "amateur" theaters, which are founded by activists and enthusiasts. Their focus is on the dramatic events of individuals who represent invisible groups that have specific social problems.Thus, the general functions of the social theater can be divided into communicative, consolidating, cognitive, therapeutic, adaptive, rehabilitative, and creative.Judith Ackroyd talks about the dual purpose of social theater to promote changes in public opinion and behavior as well to encourage the public to the partnership. That is why it is hard to overestimate the role of social theater to get unity, cooperation, and activity. ; В связи с драматическими событиями, уходящими корнями в исторические реалии, в украинском обществе возникает много конфликтов и недопонимания, которые требуют диалога и платформ для налаживания связей между представителями различных сообществ. Одним из таких экологических способов построения диалога является социальный театр.Можно сказать, что каждый театр по своей природе является социальным, но мы говорим о свободном театральном формате, целью которого является открытый публичный диалог. В широком смысле, социальный диалог − это диалог между классами и социальными группами, которые занимают определенную позицию в социальном пространстве, в зависимости от экономических, политических и культурных ресурсов. В более узком понимании, это процесс определения собственных позиций и диспозиций разными социальными группами для достижения понимания и принятия общих решений.Современные формы социального театра включают в себя: playback (нарративный театр), форум-театр (театр «угнетенных», «невидимых» и т. д.), просветительский театр (сферы медицины, педагогики), терапевтический театр, театр в предлагаемых обстоятельствах (тюремный театр, театр военных произведений), перформансы (в музеях, на улицах и т.д.). В основном они представляют собой аматорские театры, которые основаны активистами и энтузиастами. Их фокус сосредоточен надраматических событиях людей, которые представляют уязвимые группы с определенными социальными проблемами. Джудит Акройд в своих лекциях говорит о двойной цели социального театра: способствовать изменениям общественного мнения и поведения, а также поощрять общественность к взаимодействию. Вот почему трудно переоценить роль социального театра в достижении единства, сотрудничества и активности.В целом, функции социального театра можно разделить на коммуникативные, консолидирующие, когнитивные, терапевтические, адаптивные, реабилитационные и творческие. ; У сучасному українському суспільстві відбувається забагато подій на перетині конфліктних ситуацій, що потребують порозуміння, діалогу та майданчиків для налагодження зв'язків між представниками різних соціальних спільнот. Одним із екологічних шляхів розбудови діалогу є соціальний театр. Він дає можливість групам, які не мають у суспільстві «голосу», бути почутими, подати свою версію подій, котра може відрізнятися від версії «більшості», висловити свої почуття крізь призму набутого досвіду.

Introduction. The article deals with the transformation of society as a holistic system. Atthecurrent stage of development of our country the issueso fintellectual potential, creation of modern intellectual and spiritu alenvironmentin Ukraine are very important. A signifi cantrole in solving this problemis played byeducation, and, moreover, university education, becaus eitdirectly affects the formation of the in telectualelite of society, forms the mentality and culture of society. In the era of the information society, education affects the status of the individual, promo tessocial mobility and creates equalle arning conditions; personal achieve mentsare determine dregardless of class, race, religion or gender. The absence of anyrestrictions generates a growing demand for education alservices by in creasing the number of education alinstitutions and expanding the scope of the iractivities. Researchinto the social problems of education in the information society is particularly importantasit make sitpossibleto identify the main problems and trendsin the development of the education system in modern society.Purpose. Conside rationof change sandpro cessestaking place in the modern Ukrainian society and identification of the signific ance and charact eristics of the functioning of the institution of education in the conditions of society transformation. Studying the features of the functioning of the social institution of education inmodern society, itisim portantto focusmainly on generalissue sofinter action between society and the university education system, to determineits place and rolein the social system.Methods. Inorderto achieve the goal, analytica land the oretical analysis, comparison, general ization oflitera rysour cesareused.Originality. Society requires new guidelines, the transformation of society should consistin defining itsidentity, over coming the amorphismin society. Education is animportants phere of people's life activities, in extricably linked with other importantsub systems of society (economic, political, etc.); the standard of society living, its development, cultura lachieve ments and values dependonit. Considering the peculiarities of functioning of the institution of education, itisappropriateto notethata key determinant of public lifein the information society is scientific know ledge.Conclusion. At the present stage of the statehood of our country, heissue of forming the foundations of the information society, in creasin gits in tell ectual potential, creating a modern Ukrainian intell ectualand spiritualenvironmentis becoming in creasing lyimportant. Education plays a sign ificantrolein solving thsissue, because eitaffects the spiritu alandmoralvalues of the individual, the mentaland cultural space of society.Dueto external in fluence sandinternalre forms, certaintr endsarefor medand manifested, track in gof whichis necess arytop redictfur ther development and opportunities, to analyze the short coming sandcal culate the necessary adjustments. ; В статье говорится о трансформации общества, как целостной системы. На современном этапе развития нашей страны актуальны вопросы интеллектуального потенциала, создание современной интеллектуально-духовной среды в Украине. Значительную роль в решении этой проблемы играет образование, причем, университетское, ибо оно непосредственно воздействует на формирование интеллектуальной элиты общества, формирует менталитет и культуру социума. ; В статті йдеться про трансформацію суспільства як цілісної системи. На сучасному етапі розвитку нашої країни все більшої актуальності набуває питання нарощування його інтелектуального потенціалу, створення сучасного українського інтелектуально-духовного середовища. Суттєву роль при вирішенні цього питання відіграє освіта, адже саме вона впливає на ментальний і культурний простір соціуму, яка формує інтелектуальну еліту суспільства, тобто самеу системі освіти формуються і проявляються певні тенденції, відстеження яких необхідне для прогнозування подальшого розвитку суспільства.

The general purpose of this study is to describe how the Implementation of Multicultural Education Management in Al Muqoddas Islamic Boarding School in Tukmudal Sumber Cirebon. The specific objectives of the study, namely to describe: 1. How is the Planning and Implementation of Multicultural Education in the Islamic Boarding School of Al Muqoddas Tukmudal Sumber Cirebon Regency? 2. How is the final Organizing and Evaluation in the Implementation of Multicultural Education in Al Muqoddas Islamic Boarding School in Tukmudal Sumber Cirebon Regency? 3. What factors are supporting and hindering the implementation of Multicultural Education Management in Al Muqoddas Islamic Boarding School in Tukmudal Sumber Cirebon Regency? This type of research is qualitative. The research approach uses phenomenology. The subjects of the study were Mudir Ma'had, Caregivers, Asatidz councilors and santri parents. Data collection methods using in-depth interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis techniques using triangulation. The results of the study are 1) Planning for multicultural education in the Islamic Boarding School of Al Muqoddas Tukmudal Sumber Cirebon as an inseparable part of other annual activities carried out by the school in the form of composing and establishing activities to preserve the diversity of national cultural diversity into a unifying Indonesian nation; 2) The implementation of multicultural education at Al Muqoddas Boarding School in Tukmudal Sumber Cirebon, awareness and recognition and acceptance of the attitudes, behaviors, mentality, and morals of the school community carried out in various activities, such as respecting diverse differences, such as ethnicity, descent, skin color, descent religion, work and so on; 3) An assessment of multicultural education at Al Muqoddas Islamic Boarding School in Tukmudal Sumber Cirebon with indicators in the form of changes in attitudes, morals, and mental behaviors and views on social security, economic culture, and politics that unite the nation. Abstrak Tujuan umum penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana Implementasi Manajemen Pendidikan Multikultural di Pondok Pesantren Al Muqoddas Tukmudal Sumber Cirebon. Tujuan khusus penelitian, yaitu mendeskripsikan tentang: 1.Bagaimana Perencanaan dan Pelaksanaan Pendidikan Multikultural di Pondok Pesantren Al Muqoddas Tukmudal Sumber Kabupaten Cirebon? 2.Bagaimana Pengorganisasian dan Evaluasi akhir dalam Implementasi Pendidikan Multikultural di Pondok Pesantren Al Muqoddas Tukmudal Sumber Kabupaten Cirebon? 3. Faktor-faktor apa yang menjadi pendukung dan penghambat pada implementasi Manajemen Pendidikan Multikultural di Pondok Pesantren Al Muqoddas Tukmudal Sumber Kabupaten Cirebon?. Jenis penelitian adalah kualitatif. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan fenomenologi. Subjek penelitian adalah Mudir Ma'had, Pengasuh, dewan Asatidz dan Orang tua santri. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan trianggulasi. Hasil penelitian yaitu 1) Perencanaan pendidikan multikultural di Pondok Pesantren Al Muqoddas Tukmudal Sumber Cirebon sebagai bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dari kegiatan tahunan lainnya yang dilaksanakan oleh sekolah berupa penyusunan dan penetapan kegiatan melestarikan keragaman budaya bangsa yang majemuk menjadi pemersatu bangsa Indonesia; 2) Pelaksanaan pendidikan multikultural di Pondok Pesantren Al Muqoddas Tukmudal Sumber Cirebon kesadaran dan pengakuan serta penerimaan sikap, perilaku, mental, dan moral warga sekolah yang dilaksanakan dalam berbagai kegiatan, seperti saling menghormati perbedaan yang beragam, seperti suku, keturunan, warna kulit, keturunan, agama, pekerjaan, dan sebagainya; 3) Penilaian pendidikan multikultural di Pondok Pesantren Al Muqoddas Tukmudal Sumber Cirebon dengan indikator berupa perubahan perilaku sikap, moral, dan mental serta pandangannya tentang keregamanan sosial, budaya ekonomi, dan politik yang menjadi pemersatu bangsa

The article analyzes the historiographic texts of the first wave of Russian émigré historians. In these texts, the Soviet historiographic process of the 1920s and 1930s was interpreted. The relevance of the study is associated both with the poor study of historiographic texts created during that period in emigration, and with the narrative turn of modern historical science, as well as with the experience of understanding the structure and nature of the Soviet narrative, which is beginning to be comprehended and problematized as an independent problem. The study of narratives makes it possible to move away from general assessments of the Soviet stage of historical studies to a more specific description of it through studying the stylistics of the text, isolating the standards and the uniqueness of their construction, with close attention to the problems of their unification. This process can be clarified and refined through the prism of the "emigre mirror". The source base was the historiographic texts of P.N. Milyukov, A.A. Kizevetter, A.V. Florovsky, and E.F. Maksimovich in the form of published works and manuscript heritage from the archives of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ARAN) and the Slavic Library in Prague (Slovanská knihovna v Praze). Based on textual analysis and developments in the field of intellectual history, the author highlights the unifying features of the émigré narrative. These include: 1) scholars' understanding of their special mission in emigration which consists of preserving the historiographic tradition and presenting Russian historical science to the world community as part of world science; 2) close attention to the classics, focus on tradition; 3) an assessment of the historiographic process within the framework of the reference time, the Golden age of pre-revolutionary historical science (late 19th – early 20th centuries); the criterion for assessing the current historiographic process was the compliance with the experience of Moscow and St. Petersburg scientific schools; 4) a statement about the lack of freedom of research, the monopoly of Marxist methodology and the hypertrophied class approach in relation to the historicist views of historians; 5) changes in the form and structure of the classic narrative – the proportion of reviews, literature reviews, obituaries in the structure of emigrant narrative was increasing; the deconstruction of the old narrative followed the path of its archaization; 6) the unifying factor that tightened the texts, gave them tension and a special emotional charge, was the figure of M.N. Pokrovsky. However, the verification of the current historiographic process by one's own past is not without contradictions. On the one hand, this ensures the continuity of historiographic knowledge and confirms the thesis of the intrinsic value of the so-called «outdated innovations». In addition, in this В. П. Корзун 54 regard, we can talk about the fundamental eclecticism of science as a cultural tradition. On the other hand, the reciprocating nature is fraught with a closure on the old. The absolutization of tradition leads to the blocking of intellectual transfers. In science of science, this process is called the rut effect. As an example of searching for «one's own track», the article presents an attempt by A.V. Florovsky to understand and to clarify the phenomenon of Soviet historiography by coarsening the classical historiographic approach and using the inventory-registration method. As a result, he managed to present the meaningful complexity of the internal structure of Soviet historical science

Changes going on in the social and political, economic, scientific, cultural life of the state are promptly reflected in the language of electronic mass media. The headline is the first and basic source of information for the readers skimming the homepage of the site. The headline performsat least three important tasks – it conveys the subject matter of the article as concisely as possible, attracts reader's attention to the article and forms an emotional and evaluative attitude to the text. A considerable emotional and expressive charge is available in the headlines containingtransformed phraseological units. In the headlines of the periodical we can observe transformed and customary phraseological units, performing a pragmatic and stylistic function of expressiveness. Structural and semantic transformation is prevalent, due to a number of communicative and stylistic effects. Occasional substitution is aimed at the convenient insertion of the renewed phraseological unit into the article, linking it to certain social and political events, public figures, actualities of the modern life, etc. Journalists extend the componential composition of a phraseological unit with the purpose of specification and concretization of the situation and provision of a detailed description of a person. Also we come across the reduction of the componential composition – reduction of its particular components. In order to make the headline sound concise, intellectual and euphemistic, a phraseological hint consisting in the decomposition of set expressions into separate components is broadly used. One of the most productive ways of semantic modification is double actualization of the phraseological unit – a simultaneous combination of lexical andphraseological, free and bound meanings in it. We, therefore, assume that phraseological transformers make headlines expressive, actualizeadditional connotations in them, convey author's attitude to the situation and are an effective means of influencing the way text is perceived by a recipient, and at the same time they are markers of language means of social and political journalism of a certain historical period. ; Зміни, які відбуваються в суспільно-політичному, економічному, науковому, культурному житті держави, оперативно відображаються в мові електронних засобів масової комунікації. Заголовок – перше й основне джерело інформації для читачів, які проглядають головну сторінку сайта. Він виконує щонайменше три головні завдання – максимально стисло передає суть змісту публікації, привертає увагу читача до матеріалу та формує емоційно-оцінне ставлення до тексту. Значний емоційно-експресивний заряд мають заголовки, до яких введені трансформовані фразеологічні одиниці (ФО). Обстеживши заголовкові комплекси інтернет-видання "Український тиждень", відзначаємо як узуальні, так і модифіковані ФО, які виконують виразну стилістично-прагматичну функцію. Найширше представлена структурно-семантична трансформація, що пов'язано із низкою комунікативно-стилістичних ефектів. Авторська субституція спрямована на те, щоб оновлену ФО органічно вписати в контекст публікації, прив'язавши до конкретних суспільно-політичних подій, постатей, реалій сучасного життя тощо. Для уточнення й конкретизації ситуації, місця дії, деталізації характеристики особи медійники розширюють компонентний склад. Спостерігаємо й скорочення компонентного складу – редукцію окремих складників. Для досягнення мовної економії, лаконізму, інтелектуалізації, евфемізації заголовка активно використовують фразеологічний натяк, який полягає в розкладанні усталених висловів на окремі складники. Продуктивним прийомом семантичної модифікації є подвійна актуалізація ФО – поєднання в ній лексичного й фразеологічного значень одночасно. Констатуємо, що фразеологічні трансформери експресивізують заголовки, актуалізують додаткове конотативне значення, передають авторське ставлення до інформації та слугують дієвим засобом впливу на сприйняття тексту реципієнтом, водночас вони є маркерами мовних засобів публіцистики конкретної історичної доби.

The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the articulation between time and mobility in the context of the more or less brutal evolutions that Europe underwent between the middle of the 18th and the 19th centuries. The study is based on the analysis of travels, more precisely on the examination of emotions and perceptions felt by a hundred travellers of different nationalities and social conditions across Europe. In the context of the industrialisation of the old world, which is leading to a profound change in societies and in particular in social times, we propose an archaeology of the modern temporalities of travel. After having overcome the obstacles of self-writing in the travel narrative to understand as closely as possible the emotions experienced by travellers, it will be necessary to study the evolution of travel frameworks : the transport. From the horse-drawn carriage to the steam revolution from the 1830s onwards, the speed of travel increased considerably in a few decades. In conjunction with the evolution of aesthetic and philosophical conceptions, such as the transition from the Enlightenment to Romanticism, the perception of the environment and landscapes brings new emotions to travellers. As the use of travel guides is almost systematic, the study of these books highlights viatical temporal models and their mutations, in parallel with travel practices that tend towards modern tourism. All these political, technical, cultural and social developments led to a modernisation of Europe between the mid-18th and mid-19th centuries. This modernization is characterized in particular by an evolution of social temporalities, including the more specific temporalities of travel, towards more precision, rationalization and an increased awareness of time. ; L'objectif de cette thèse est d'analyser l'articulation entre temps et mobilités dans le contexte des évolutions plus ou moins brutales que subit l'Europe entre le milieu du XVIIIe et celui du XIXe siècle. L'étude se base sur l'analyse de voyages, plus précisément sur l'examen d'émotions et de perceptions ressenties par une centaine de voyageurs de nationalités différentes et de conditions sociales variées à travers l'Europe. Dans le contexte de l'industrialisation du vieux monde qui entraîne une modification profonde des sociétés et notamment des temps sociaux, nous proposons une archéologie des temporalités modernes du voyage. Après avoir déjoué les pièges de l'écriture de soi dans le récit de voyage pour appréhender au plus près les émotions vécues par les voyageurs, il sera question d'étudier l'évolution des cadres du voyage, c'est-à-dire les transports. De la voiture hippomobile à la révolution de la vapeur à partir des années 1830, la vitesse des déplacements augmente considérablement en quelques dizaines d'années. Conjointement à l'évolution des conceptions esthétiques et philosophiques, à l'image du passage des Lumières au romantisme, la perception de l'environnement et des paysages procure des émotions nouvelles aux voyageurs. Le recours aux guides de voyage étant quasi systématique, l'étude de ces ouvrages met en lumière les modèles temporels viatiques et leurs mutations, parallèlement aux pratiques de voyage qui tendent vers le tourisme moderne. Toutes ces évolutions politiques, techniques, culturelles et sociales aboutissent à une modernisation de l'Europe entre le milieu du XVIIIe et le milieu du XIXe siècle. Cette modernisation se caractérise notamment par une évolution des temporalités sociales, dont les temporalités plus spécifiques du voyage, vers plus de précision, de rationalisation et une conscience du temps accrue.

This paper presents rhetorical aspects of a sixteenth century Lithuanian polemical treatise "Rozmowa polaka z litwinem" ("Pasikalbėjimas lenko su lietuviu"). This anonymous work is often labeled as "humanist". Even though many scholars analyse its contents and emphasize references to the Classical Antiquity, formal aspects and their pragmatic implications remain unevaluated. Scholars have mainly focused on the issue of it authorship and quoted it illustrating cultural and political sixteenth century changes in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The main aim of this article is to reveal rhetorical tropes and figures employed by the author of the treatise and discuss the possible motivation of their selection."Rozmowa" responds to, "Quincunx", written in 1564 by a Polish polemist Stanisław Orzechowski (1513–1566). It is a part of a prolonged polemic between the later and Lithuanian Chancellor, Palatine of Vilnius Mikalojus Radvila "The Black". The details and the course of their dispute is reconstructed by Orzechowski himself in the letter to Piotr Miscovius, which also is titled "Apologia pro Quincunce". He refers to the "Rozmowa" without mentioning its title or particular author. Historiography attributes it to the Vilnius mayor (wójt) Augustyn Rotundus (c. 1520–1582). Both Orzechowski and Rotundus studied abroad and had spent some time in Italy. Not only curricula of their studies ofartes liberaleswere influenced by Classical Antiquity, they also undoubtedly got familiar with humanist culture of the contemporary Europe."Rozmowa" consists of two main parts, which are separated by a verse. The treatise is written in a form of a dialogue, and allows to portray a vivid discussion and multiple points of view. The first part of "Rozmowa" focuses on the questions of the political theory, whereas the second one is dedicated to the history of Lithuania, its dynasty and the issue of the Polish-Lithuanian Union. While the first part is polemical, the second one has epideictic character. The author employs personification, paradiastole and antithesis. The latter two allow changing the normative contents of political concepts, and irony highlights the absurdities in the Polish political practices. The Lithuanian, one of the characters, uses deprecation and interpellation, addresses the absent participants of a dialogue (e.g. Orzechowski himself). The author quotes Ancient authors, Scripture, Church Fathers and contemporary thinkers (e.g. Machiavelli and Erasmus), whose ideas provide him with literarytopoi. Merged with the rhetorical techniques, they constitute the political arguments of the treatise and allows the author to express one's political ideas. ; Analizuojamas XVI a. LDK raštijos paminklas "Pasikalbėjimas lenko su lietuviu" istoriografijoje ir literatūros tyrimuose vadinamas poleminiu kūriniu, tačiau iki šiol jis daugiausia analizuotas tik įkontekstinant politinius įvykius, o jo turinio tyrimai apsiribodavo trumpa pagrindinių idėjų rekonstrukcija. Šiame straipsnyje į minėtą kūrinį siekiama pažvelgti kaip į ankstyvųjų Naujųjų laikų politinės polemikos tekstą, apžvelgiant jame naudojamus retorinius instrumentus. Tekstas laikomas platesnės Europos dialoginės kūrybos tradicijos dalimi – šio žanro savitumas leidžia sutalpinti viename kūrinyje ir viena kitai oponuojančias pozicijas, todėl įdėmus žvilgsnis į jo turinį bei retoriką padeda susidaryti išsamesnį vaizdą apie XVI a. politines aktualijas ar įtampas. Apžvelgus svarbiausius teorinius požiūrius į ankstyvųjų Naujųjų laikų poleminio kūrinio retorines raiškos priemones bei jų santykį su socialiniu ir politiniu kontekstu, analizuojama "Pasikalbėjimo lenko su lietuviu" struktūra, atskleidžiamos vartojamos literatūrinės bei stilistinės raiškos priemonės ir jų įtaka formuluojamoms teorinėms bei idėjinėms kūrinio pozicijoms ir praktinei politinei veiklai.

2019 Summer. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Given the severity of contemporary environmental degradation, especially climate change, a new understanding of the human-nature relationship is necessary for halting this destruction. Political theorists have tried to explain and rethink this relationship by turning to the social, the political, the structural, the historical, the ethical, the individual, the cultural, and the economic realms. At the same time, the production of subjectivity as both an explanation for environmental degradation and a possible domain where cultivating a better human-nature relationship could be found, remains under-examined by political theorists concerned with the environment. The purpose of my project expresses three different but interrelated trajectories of inquiry, each of which represents a dearth in ecopolitical theory generally. First, I interrogate how various radical ecopolitical theories have understood the production of ecological subjectivity and the consequences of these understandings of subjectivity for producing ecological subjects in the context of capitalism, specifically. If who we are and who we think we are matters for how the human-nature relationship plays out, then it becomes vitally important to understand how radical ecopolitical theory conceptualizes the relationship between the causes of environmental degradation, the production of human subjectivity, and the ecological context in which humanity finds itself. In short, I argue that the production of subjectivity has been neglected as one important political component that must be theorized much more robustly for its utility in creating more ecologically minded societies. Second, I would argue that one of the most powerful and intransigent forces preventing humans from re-imagining the human-nature relationship is capitalism, which in addition to its material production, also aggressively targets the production of subjectivity. This assertion constitutes both a starting point of this project, yet also something that requires greater attention from political theorists concerned with environmental degradation and the human-nature relationship. Given this assertion, the task of critically examining the relationship between capitalist subjectivities and the creative production of ecological subjectivities remains necessary to any attempt at the cultivation of an ecological politics. To this end, and thirdly, I argue that Félix Guattari's work engenders the creative impulse necessary for reconceiving of our own subjectivity in the context of the new ontology presented by Deleuze, Guattari himself, and the new materialists. Furthermore, I explore the possibilities for producing eco-subjects through innovative receptive practices attended to by both Guattari and the new materialists in the context of the capitalist overcoding of being. For instance, "becoming receptive" to a rhizomatically (dis)organized world could produce new sensitivities to environmental ecologies through a fundamental acceptance of existential uncertainty. Importantly, Guattari's work, though deeply committed to ecological goals and the production of ecological subjectivities, has been largely neglected by political theorists seeking a solution to environmental degradation and an ethically and politically bankrupt human-nature relationship. Ultimately, ecopolitical praxis requires a further theorization of the numerous ways that capitalism orders and limits human existence in the context of contemporary life. The triad under examination in my project, namely, subjectivity, ecology, and capitalism, represents a necessary contribution to ecopolitical theory which can re-invigorate Guattari's work for its utility in re-imagining the ecological subject, combating capitalism, and working towards a real ecopolitics.

У статті вивчається питання вищої професійної освіти в Україні в період асоціації з Європейським та світовим співтовариством, зокрема аналізується проблема професіоналізму та професії вчителя з точки зору світових педагогів. Динамічні процеси соціально-економічного життя, зміни у системі обов'язкової середньої освіти визначають суперечливі тенденції у сфері професійної підготовки вчителів в Україні. Виконання завдань професійної підготовки вчителів залежить від стану педагогічної освіти, що вимагає об'єктивного аналізу накопиченого міжнародного та вітчизняного досвіду. ; The article examines the problem of the process of association of Ukraine with European Union and integration into European and world educational spheres the features of which are related to the nature of global processes, and also with the specific terms of development of social, economic, political, cultural and educational life of our country. Dynamic processes of social and economic life, changes in the system of compulsory secondary education revealed contradictory tendencies in the sphere of professional preparation of teachers in Ukraine: deep professionalization of secondary school teachers' practice becomes more important; integration of knowledge from different spheres is noticed; importance of integrated skills and abilities for realization of professional pedagogical practice increases. Realization of tasks of professional preparation of teachers depends on the condition of pedagogical education that demands objective analysis of the accumulated international and national experience of pre-service and post-graduate preparation of teachers as the major source of modern professional pedagogic preparation strategy determination. Analysis of the works of famous scholars confirms the need for concentration of teachers around universities as this enables the increase of academic level of teacher education and intensification of interaction between education and research. Reform should be directed to a system of education in which basic education is corresponding formal qualifications that are relatively universal and can easily be completed by further education. So we may conclude that in order to increase educational potential of the country much attention should be paid to improving the system of professional preparation of teachers as only due to highly educated teachers the country would be able to take a decent place in the world and be competitive. The level of school cannot be better than the professional level of teachers who work there so improvement of education system of each country depends directly upon the quality of professional preparation of teachers. Education should be coordinated with each stage of the country's development. Educational infrastructures in the school system are worthless if there are no trained, competent teachers to manage them. This has been shown to be a significant difference between academically competent teachers and professionally qualified teachers. Professionalization is the best way to improve working conditions of teachers and their professional activity. Measures taken to improve the skills of teachers in many states of the USA are primarily driven by modification strategies, which are influenced by strengthening of the role of the state in the education system. ; В статье изучается вопрос высшего профессионального образования в Украине в период ассоциации с Европейским и мировым сообществом, в частности анализируется проблема профессионализма и профессии учителя с точки зрения мировых педагогов. Динамические процессы социально-экономической жизни, изменения в системе обязательного среднего образования определяют противоречивые тенденции в сфере профессиональной подготовки учителей в Украине. Выполнение задач профессиональной подготовки учителей зависит от состояния педагогического образования, что требует объективного анализа накопленного международного и отечественного опыта.

The article deals with the philosophical component of the legacy of theprominent early Middle Ages, the first encyclopedic Isidore of Seville (560-637).By analyzing the works of foreign medical scholars and writings of Isidore, the author spans the evolution of views on the legacy of the Seville Bishop. Particular importance is given to quotations from ancient literature in the writings of Isidore, the transformation of the meaning of the quotation, which was due to a change in the context, and often the very text, the agreement of these quotation among themselves and the general conclusions of the author. The second book Differentials and the three books of Senencius of Isidore are defined as the original "theological works" that corresponded to the cultural and ideological demands of the European society of the early Middle Ages, formed the foundations of European education, the idea of the appointment of the royal (state) power.The presentation of the doctrine and related problems is carried out in the three books of Senentius, which contain a number of thematic and meaningful parallels with the second book Differentials. The genius of Senentius is reinterpreted by Isidore: this is not just a thematic selection of aphoristic statements; quotations from various works and Isidor's own maxims are designed in a clear structure), which explains a certain position and "policy" of the author, a strictly defined set of interconnected concepts. In the three books of Senentia, dogmatic, ascetic themes, what is called the "political theology" are considered.Thus, the second book "Differentials" and the three books "Sentence",marked by us as "theological works", are expected to contain a wealth of material for historical and philosophical analysis and, above all, philosophical concepts perceived by Isidor through the inheritance of the Fathers of the Church. However, if he can be blamed in a certain way in the reception of philosophy, then a large number of quotations from ancient literature is not simply a reference to the works of predecessors. They represent the consistency of Isidor's thoughts with his predecessors, as well as his own conclusions. Given that the Sevillian Bishop was extremely lucky and virtually all his works were preserved, it is not surprising that they caused such controversy in the scientific community of the Medievists and not only the Medievists. The analysis of works on revealing their philosophical component continues to this day and the "supporters" of Isidore-philosopher are becoming more and more. Evolution in a positive direction in foreign historiography regarding the value of the Isidor Sevillian heritage is the basis of its new research by representatives of all branches of science. ; У статті йде мова про філософську складову в спадщині видатного діяча раннього Середньовіччя, першого енциклопедиста Ісидора Севільського (560-637). Здійснюючи аналіз праць зарубіжних науковців-медієвістів і творів Ісидора, автор розкиває еволюцію поглядів на спадщину севільського єпископа. Особливе значення надається цитатам з античної літератури в творах Ісидора, трансформації смислу цитати, що була обумовлена зміною контексту, а нерідко й самого тексту, узгодженню цих цитат між собою та загальними висновками автора. Друга книга «Диференцій» і три книги «Сентенцій» Ісидора визначаються як оригінальні «теологічні твори», які відповідали культурним та ідеологічним запитам європейського суспільства епохи раннього Середньовіччя, формували засади європейської освіти, уявлення про призначання королівської (державної) влади.

Der Begriff des "bürgerschaftlichen Engagements" wird in der einschlägigen Fachliteratur und im politischen Diskurs nicht einheitlich verwendet. Einer breiteren Definition folgend verstehen wir darunter "ein freiwilliges, gemeinwohlorientiertes und nicht auf materiellen Gewinn ausgerichtetes Engagement", das "die ganze Breite der verschiedenen Erscheinungsformen des Engagements ein[schließt]: das klassische Ehrenamt, gemeinnütziges Engagement ohne Amt, kurzzeitiges ungebundenes Engagement sowie bestimmte Formen der Selbsthilfe" (Deutscher Bundestag 2002: 333).1 Das bürgerschaftliche Engagement hat in ländlichen Räumen eine lange Tradition, und vor allem die Politik setzt darin einige Hoffnungen. Dahinter steht ein Ideal von der Selbstorganisation der Bürgerinnen und Bürger, welche öffentliche Dienstleistungen substituiert, die Gesellschaft sozial integriert und die Qualität der Demokratie fördert. In unserem Beitrag wird danach gefragt, inwiefern solche Hoffnungen und Idealisierungen der Selbstorganisation an praktische Grenzen stoßen. Denn periphere ländliche Räume leiden häufig an fehlenden finanziellen Gestaltungsspielräumen und den Folgen des demographischen Wandels. Ebenso ist Selbstorganisation kein Selbstläufer, sondern bedarf staatlicher Unterstützungsstrukturen. Des Weiteren folgt das bürgerschaftliche Engagement einer Eigenlogik, die es zu respektieren gilt. Überdies tendiert zivilgesellschaftliche Selbstorganisation zu sozialer Selektivität und auch soziale Integration ist nicht selbstverständlich. Schließlich hängt die demokratiefördernde Wirkung bürgerschaftlichen Engagements von der Zusammensetzung der Vereinigungen und deren innerer Ausrichtung ab. Aufgrund der verschiedenen Konzeptualisierungen bürgerschaftlichen Engagements, unterschiedlicher Operationalisierungen zu dessen Messung und unzureichender Datenquellen, ist die quantitative Bestimmung des bürgerschaftlichen Engagements in ländlichen Räumen schwierig. Sicher scheint jedoch, dass das bürgerschaftliche Engagement im Laufe der letzten Jahrzehnte sowohl in ländlichen als auch in anderen Räumen weitgehend kontinuierlich zugenommen hat. Es zeigt sich außerdem, dass die Bürgerinnen und Bürger in ländlichen Räumen sich regelmäßig stärker engagieren als jene in anderen Räumen. Unterschiede zeigen sich auch zwischen sozialen Gruppen: Männer sind sowohl in ländlichen wie auch in nicht-ländlichen Räumen stärker in freiwillige Tätigkeiten eingebunden als Frauen, wobei die Geschlechterunterschiede in ländlichen Räumen deutlich langsamer abnehmen. Jüngere Altersgruppen sind in ländlichen Räumen zu höheren Anteilen freiwillig engagiert als die älteren Altersgruppen. Auf der Kontextebene zeigt sich,dass eine höhere regionale Arbeitslosigkeit typischerweise mit einer niedrigeren Engagement-quote einhergeht. Der empirische Forschungsstand weist insgesamt erhebliche Forschungslücken auf. Forschungsbedarf besteht vor allem im Hinblick auf die deskriptive Erfassung der Vereinslandschaft in ländlichen Räumen, die Erfassung neuer Formen des Engagements sowie möglicher Verschiebungen in der Engagementlandschaft, der Einschätzung der Bedeutung von Vereinen und Initiativen für die ländlichen Gemeinwesen und die Erforschung von strukturellen und kulturellen Bedingungen bürgerschaftlichen Engagements. ; "Voluntary engagement" means a non-profit activity which is (1) typically voluntary, (2) of general interest, (3) takes place in the public arena, and (4) is usually exercised in public. Despite the long tradition of voluntary engagement in rural areas, scientific and political hopes have just recently begun to rise. Underlying this is the idea that the citizens' self-organisation is able to substitute for public services, socially integrate society, and foster the quality of democracy. Peripheral rural areas often suffer from limited finances and the consequences of demographic change. Volunteering requires state support and follows an inner logic which needs to be respected. Civic self-organisation also tends to be socially selective, and associations are not necessarily internally democratic. Against this backdrop, this paper studies possible limits of such idealistic promises of voluntary commitment. Due to different conceptions and operationalisations of voluntary engagement, as well as a lack of appropriate data sources, the quantitative measurement of voluntary engagement in rural areas is difficult. However, it seems certain that volunteering has increased in the past decades. Also, people in rural areas are more willing to volunteer than citizens in other areas. Likewise, men and young people are more likely than women and elderly people to be engaged as volunteers. And on the context level, a high level of unemployment is associated with a low level of voluntary engagement. The empirical state of research exhibits substantial research gaps. There is a great need for research to record new forms of volunteering. Research on possible shifts in volunteering, with an evaluation of the meaning of clubs and associations for rural communities, as well as the investigation of structural and cultural requirements for voluntary commitment, is still needed.

Literature as a social, psychological and educational phenomenon performed the function of the information channels in ancient Greek and Roman cultures until the emergence of the mass communication as a historical cultural and civilizational factor. The formation of a single society required the unity of the mentality, and this led to the acute socialization and politicization of the artistic word. Homer, Cicero, and Horace were the spokesmen of a distinct public order. Their texts formed a public opinion, and they were formed not because they were famous generals or state actors (although they were also them), not because they were rich or noble – no, because they were aesthetically convincing, logically unsurpassed and psychologically trustworthy. The master of the word could lose his personal battle for life, but he certainly won the war for the cause, for which he put his life in this glory, thus creating a definite social and communicative discourse. In this discourse, the person stands above the social because society consists of personalities. The person creates a community, rules it, changes it, if necessary – and this is supposed to be the main conquest of the entire ancient culture. The history of ancient literature is not confined solely to the confrontation and interaction of the main types of works of literature. The reason for its treatment is immeasurably more than purely artistic, emotional, and pragmatic, psychological and educational. The antique world, apparently, therefore, continues for a hundred years in a row to be a ground for the cultivation of as diverse as possible social as well as aesthetic ideas, which contains almost all versions of both artistic and socialcommunicative texts. ; До появления средств массовой коммуникации как исторического культурноцивилизационного фактора функцию информационных каналов в древнегреческой и древнеримской культуре выполняла литература как социальный, психологический и образовательный феномен. Формирование единого социума требовало единства менталитета, что приводило к острой социализации и политизации художественного слова. Гомер, Цицерон, Гораций были выразителями отчетливого общественного заказа. ; До виникнення засобів масової комунікації як історичного культурноцивілізаційного фактору функцію інформаційних каналів у давньогрецькій та давньоримській культурі виконувала література як соціальний, психологічний та освітній феномен. Формування єдиного соціуму вимагало єдності менталітету, що призводило до гострої соціалізації та політизації художнього слова. Гомер, Цицерон, Горацій були виразниками конкретного суспільного замовлення. Тексти Цицерона, Горація, Гомера сформували громадську думку, не тільки з тої причини, що вони були відомими діячами (хоча вони і були їм), та не тому, що вони були багатими або високого походження – ні, оскільки вони були естетично переконливими, логічно неперевершеними та психологічно достовірними. Майстер художнього слова міг програти свою особисту битву за життя, але він, безумовно, вигравав війну за справу, на яку він поклав своє життя. Митець тим самим створює певний соціальний і комунікативний дискурс. У цьому дискурсі людина стоїть над соціальним, оскільки суспільство складається з особистостей. Людина створює спільноту, регулює її, змінює її, якщо це необхідно – і це має бути основним досягненням всієї давньої культури. Історія античної літератури не обмежується виключно конфронтацією та взаємодією основних творів літератури. Причина її існування незмірно більше, ніж суто художнє, емоційне та прагматичне, психологічне та освітнє. Таким чином, античний світ, очевидно, продовжує існувати багато тисячоліть поспіль, щоб стати підґрунтям для якомога більш різноманітних соціальних та естетичних ідей, що містять майже всі версії як художніх, так і соціальних комунікативних текстів.

Cilj magistrskega dela je analizirati rabo izbranih neologizmov v nemščini in sicer s pomočjo nemškega referenčnega korpusa (DeReKo). V teoretičnem delu bodo najprej pobližje predstavljeni nemško besedišče, besede kot jezikovni znaki ter besede kot družbeni in kulturni pojavi. Zatem obravnavamo neologizme kot pojme, njihove vrste ter značilnosti. Pri opisovanju neologizmov igrata pomembno vlogo tudi pojma »kariera« ter »semantični premik«, ki ju definiramo v nadaljevanju. Na koncu teoretičnega dela se osredotočimo na področje korpusnega jezikoslovja, opišemo nemški referenčni korpus Das Deutsche Referenzkorpus (DeReKo) ter iskalne in analizne vidike, ki jih bomo uporabili v praktičnem delu, in zaključimo z dolgoletnim projektom, nemškim slovarjem neologizmov, na inštitutu za nemški jezik (IDS). Za raziskavo je bilo izbranih šest neologizmov – tri s področja politike (Willkommenskultur, Teuro, No-go-Area) in tri s področja tehnologije (Surfer, Trojaner, chatten). V praktičnem delu smo za vsakega najprej kontrastivno analizirali definicije v treh različnih nemških slovarjih (Duden-Online, DWDS in Neologismenwörterbuch) ter ugotavljali razlike med njimi. Kot osnova za korpusno podprto raziskovanje izbranih nemških neologizmov služi nemški referenčni korpus DeReKo, kjer smo pri vsakem neologizmu analizirali zadetke glede na določeno leto, različne nemško govoreče države (Nemčija, Avstrija, Švica) ter teme. S polavtomatično izvedeno kookurenčno analizo in celotnimi besedili revijalnega in časopisnega tiska smo ugotavljali, v kakšnem kontekstu se določen neologizem pojavlja in če mu lahko pripišemo še kak dodaten pomen. Ker neologizmi spreminjajo in bogatijo naš jezik, moramo tudi njim posvečati posebno pozornost, zato je namen tega magistrskega dela pokazati, kako raznovrstni so sodobni nemški neologizmi in kako nam korpusno podprta analiza služi pri opisovanju njihovih pomenov in sobesedilne rabe. ; The goal of this master's thesis is to describe the use and meaning of selected neologisms in the German language, using a corpus-based approach. In the theoretical part of the master's thesis the German vocabulary, words as linguistic signs and words as social and cultural phenomenons are presented. Further on the definition of neologism, its characteristics and types as well as the terms "word career" and "semantic drift" are described. In the next chapter the field of corpus linguistics, the German Reference Corpus (DeReKo) with its functions and the long term project of Dictionary of German Neologisms (Neologismenwörterbuch) are presented. In the empirical part six neologisms from the German language have been chosen for the analysis – three from the field of politics (Willkommenskultur, Teuro, No-go-Area) and three from the field of technology (Surfer, Trojaner, chatten). In the empirical part of the thesis we will first state and compare the meanings of each neologism in three different German dictionaries (Duden-Online, DWDS and Neologismenwörterbuch). The German Reference Corpus DeReKo serves as the basis for further corpus-based analysis. The data can be structured as to their date of appearance, appearance in relation to topics and German speaking countries. In order to discover in which contexts (thematic discourse such as politics, economy etc.) and with which words a neologism is commonly used, the co-occurrence analysis was used. Since neologisms change and make our language richer, we should not ignore them in any way. That is why the aim of the analysis is to show and describe the use as well as the meaning of neologisms with the help of a corpus-based analysis.

Introduction: The governance of migration and human mobility is a contentious matter, and it has only become more prominent in public, political, and legal spheres. One of the most challenging issues is how to protect and promote the rights of undocumented immigrants, who face multiple forms of legal and social exclusion. In the face of public pressure to control borders, governments must decide whether persons already living and working in cities, towns, and rural areas should be able to access public services, such as health and education. The question of education has become more prominent in the United States and Canada. The norm is for governments and schools to deny or outright exclude undocumented persons from accessing education, but this has been changing in certain jurisdictions, including sanctuary cities and states. Canadian policies are also changing. Although access to education in publicly-funded institutions is currently a legal right for all residents of Ontario (subject to some qualifications unrelated to immigration status), attaining access remains a challenge for undocumented immigrants. Recently, activists have been pushing for a right to access higher education in universities and colleges. Even if not provided for in domestic law, access to education is a legal right under international law. The UN Commission on Human Rights notes that the right to education has a special function, in that it "unlocks other rights when guaranteed, while its denial leads to compounded denials of other human rights and perpetuation of poverty" (UN Commission on Human Rights, 2004, p. 7). Others describe education as an "empowerment right" (Kalantry, Getgen, & Koh, 2010, p. 260; UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights [CESCR], 1999). This paper examines existing barriers that undocumented immigrants face if they wish to access post-secondary education in Ontario, Canada. It also addresses the policies that Canadian universities have implemented (or plan to implement) to remove these barriers, thereby allowing undocumented immigrants to obtain formal post-secondary education. It argues that access to higher education is a binding international human right and that provincial governments and universities should ensure access. The primary questions that this research paper aims to address are the following: • What are the legal, procedural, and/or financial barriers to accessing post-secondary education? • Are provincial governments implementing policies to remove these barriers? If so, what are they? • Are Canadian universities implementing policies to remove these barriers? If so, what are they? By addressing key obstacles and identifying possible solutions, we can better advocate for appropriate policy changes. Whereas there is significant literature on this topic in the US, there is far less information in the Canadian context; it is an important matter to bring to the forefront of both Canadian immigration and education policy discussions. Since the constant threat of deportation serves as a silencing mechanism and form of political suppression, it is important to advocate with and, when necessary, on behalf of undocumented migrants. My research will help shed more light on this concern and amplify the need for governments/institutions to find pragmatic ways to resolve this issue. ; Armanyous, M., Hudson, G. (2019). Barriers vs. bridges: Undocumented immigrants' access to post-secondary education in Ontario. RCIS Working Paper No. 5. Ryerson Centre for Immigration and Settlement.

The article deals with the philosophical component of the legacy of theprominent early Middle Ages, the first encyclopedic Isidore of Seville (560-637).By analyzing the works of foreign medical scholars and writings of Isidore, the author spans the evolution of views on the legacy of the Seville Bishop. Particular importance is given to quotations from ancient literature in the writings of Isidore, the transformation of the meaning of the quotation, which was due to a change in the context, and often the very text, the agreement of these quotation among themselves and the general conclusions of the author. The second book Differentials and the three books of Senencius of Isidore are defined as the original "theological works" that corresponded to the cultural and ideological demands of the European society of the early Middle Ages, formed the foundations of European education, the idea of the appointment of the royal (state) power.The presentation of the doctrine and related problems is carried out in the three books of Senentius, which contain a number of thematic and meaningful parallels with the second book Differentials. The genius of Senentius is reinterpreted by Isidore: this is not just a thematic selection of aphoristic statements; quotations from various works and Isidor's own maxims are designed in a clear structure), which explains a certain position and "policy" of the author, a strictly defined set of interconnected concepts. In the three books of Senentia, dogmatic, ascetic themes, what is called the "political theology" are considered.Thus, the second book "Differentials" and the three books "Sentence",marked by us as "theological works", are expected to contain a wealth of material for historical and philosophical analysis and, above all, philosophical concepts perceived by Isidor through the inheritance of the Fathers of the Church. However, if he can be blamed in a certain way in the reception of philosophy, then a large number of quotations from ancient literature is not simply a reference to the works of predecessors. They represent the consistency of Isidor's thoughts with his predecessors, as well as his own conclusions. Given that the Sevillian Bishop was extremely lucky and virtually all his works were preserved, it is not surprising that they caused such controversy in the scientific community of the Medievists and not only the Medievists. The analysis of works on revealing their philosophical component continues to this day and the "supporters" of Isidore-philosopher are becoming more and more. Evolution in a positive direction in foreign historiography regarding the value of the Isidor Sevillian heritage is the basis of its new research by representatives of all branches of science. ; У статті йде мова про філософську складову в спадщині видатного діяча раннього Середньовіччя, першого енциклопедиста Ісидора Севільського (560-637). Здійснюючи аналіз праць зарубіжних науковців-медієвістів і творів Ісидора, автор розкиває еволюцію поглядів на спадщину севільського єпископа. Особливе значення надається цитатам з античної літератури в творах Ісидора, трансформації смислу цитати, що була обумовлена зміною контексту, а нерідко й самого тексту, узгодженню цих цитат між собою та загальними висновками автора. Друга книга «Диференцій» і три книги «Сентенцій» Ісидора визначаються як оригінальні «теологічні твори», які відповідали культурним та ідеологічним запитам європейського суспільства епохи раннього Середньовіччя, формували засади європейської освіти, уявлення про призначання королівської (державної) влади.