Suchergebnisse

This edition of SEEDS explores the critical elements in securing effective and independent land rights for women in South Asia. The author presents a range of cooperative strategies for enabling women to retain and cultivate the land and shows how micro-credit and other programs can be redirected to increase the amount and productivity of land women control. Recognizing that new policies and political will are required to foster and sustain such experiments, the author ends with a summary of how women are organizing to place women's access to land at the center of national and global agendas.

Demonstrates that the dialectic between economic & political liberalization has reduced Quebec nationalism from substance to form, imperiling its existence. The author briefly outlines the history of the French Canadians. The Quebec Act of 1774 was intended to facilitate coexistence between the French & the British by recognizing three distinctive societal pillars: (1) religion; (2) language; & (3) law. The author concludes that Quebec nationalism is profiting from globalization with a drive toward increased global integration that is welcomed by a provincial government seeking to dissociate economically from the remainder of the Federation. E. Sanchez

The author, a Chilean citizen, focuses on Chile's authoritarian past to question truth, history, collective memory, denial, repression, & guilt. The effects of lying, the impact that dictator-sponsored crimes have on survivors, & the hardship that these survivors will endure until true justice is done are examined. The author also investigates the experiences of individuals who have suffered at the hands of dictators in Northern Ireland, South Africa, & Guatemala. Reconciliation & initial conciliation are discussed, & it is concluded that forgiveness & reconciliation have not yet materialized on either an individual or social level. 39 References. K. Larsen

AbstractThe author analyzes the development of the law of international organizations through the case-law of the World Court and doctrinal writings, and distinguishes three stages. In the first stage (roughly, the interbellum), the law was mainly concerned with trying to come to terms with the new phenomenon of international organizations. In the second stage (peaking in the 1950s and 1960s), the law was predominantly concerned with solving practical problems. In the present third stage, however, conscious attempts are being made to conceptualize and to place organizations in a larger normative perspective. The author concludes that this is a felicitous development.

The author comments on the article by Andreas Novy & Silvia Nossek in this issue (2001). After a brief outline of their article, the author states that constructive dealing with change depends on how actors interact among themselves. Three main points are examined: (1) the connection between knowledge & power, (2) complexity as a challenge to organizations & organizational theory, & (3) the will to want something as the main component of change. She concludes by putting her expectations not with the NGOs, but rather, with science & its contribution for constructive cooperation between science & practice. 5 References. E. Sanchez

The author assesses the theoretical & methodological utility of concepts of policy network analysis. He focuses on David Marsh & Martin J. Smith's (2001) dialectical approach to policy study, which aspires to resolve the limitations of overly abstract megalevel theories as well as those of microlevel theories that tend to overly localize policy study. However, Marsh & Smith's approach has its own limitations in that, primarily, it is insufficiently dialectical. The author endorses the dynamic, pluralistic, & nontotalizing potential of the dialectical model & urges its further theoretic refinement. 2 Figures, 16 References. K. Coddon

This short essay discusses some of Tocqueville's most important insights by examining their influence on 20th-century Hungarian author & philosopher Aurel Kolnai's criticism of progressive democracy. The author shows that Kolnai extends & develops Tocqueville's critique of the pantheism of democratic formalism, presents these ideas in clearer & more philosophical terms, & develops an alternative theory of the human person in which humility is the true source of greatness. He concludes that both Tocqueville & Kolnai were committed to the justice of modern democracy but concerned about the dangers inherent in its nihilism. J. R. Callahan

The politics of identity can undermine the sense of belonging to the nation; it can also contribute to an enlargement of the shared public culture. By avoiding the reductionism of procedural liberalism & the excesses of nationalism, the shared public culture can witness the emergence of a modern republican patriotism. The author first discusses the conception of community offered by liberalism, classical republicanism, & nationalism. Drawing on the work of Quentin Skinner & Maurizio Viroli, the author then shows how republican patriotism can reconcile negative freedom & political liberty, as well as accommodate cultural pluralism. Adapted from the source document.

The article conceders the main aspects of the FRG current foreign policy and the factor having influence upon the foreign policy doctrine formation. The author focuses on the analysis of the FRG foreign policy priorities such as relation with the EU, partnership with US, reinforcing of the UN and strengthening of the OSCE. Special attention is given to the role of the german parties and their influence on the foreign policy. The author comes to the conclusion that the FRG is one of the most powerful and influential state of the modern world.

This article discusses the effects of the colonization of Africa by mainly European interests on the state of agricultural development in present time. The article discusses how the legacy of big cash crops produced in Africa for export are causing serious damage to the environment, people, & economy of Sub-Saharan Africa. The current number of Africans living is poverty & starving is a direct result of these aggressive farming techniques developed in the US, according to the author. The author seeks to show that not only has Africa suffered, but other countries as well, including the US. E. Miller

The author states that, since 1996, Sardinia has developed an annual festival that commemorates a fictitious revolution. While some critics have pointed out that the festival as a reenactment of historical facts is at least inaccurate, proponents have argued that the festival nonetheless creates a sense of identity & nationhood. Therefore, its function is beneficial & should be applauded. The author makes the point that social constructivism as a theory that explains the causes of societies & cultures has itself become one of the factors employed in creating these by inventing fictitious festivals. S. Schieszler