Suchergebnisse

We investigate the effect of a status-enhancing prize on the attention that a recipient's "neighbors" subsequently receive. Do neighbors—individuals who work in economic, intellectual, or artistic domains that are proximate to prize winners—bask in the reflected glory of the ascendant actor and therefore gain as well? Or does competition for attention ensue, attenuating the recognition neighbors would otherwise have garnered? We study the spillover effects of status shocks using life sciences research articles published from 1984 through 2003. Exploiting expert-assigned article keywords, we identify papers that are topically related to publications of future appointees to the prestigious Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI). In difference-in-difference specifications, we find that these scientific neighbor articles experience substantial declines in citation rates after HHMI appointments are announced. That is, neighboring articles attract less attention when authors of papers near them receive a prestigious prize. This pattern reflects more than the trivial transfer of attention from non-winners to winners: once prizes are announced, actors cede scientific territory to prize winners and pursue other opportunities. These negative spillover effects are moderated or even reversed by scientists' social connections and by the novelty and stature of scientific domains.

Isabella Reichert untersucht in ihrer Studie die Ursachen für extreme Erfolgskonzentrationen im Literaturmarkt und synthetisiert den Erkenntnisstand der betriebswirtschaftlichen Ambidextrie-Forschung mit markt- und organisationssozilogischen Status-Theorien. Die Autorin greift auf eine vollständige quantitative Abbildung des deutschen Marktes für Qualitätsliteratur zwischen 1995 und 2010 zurück und liefert Erklärungen für den je nach Status stark unterschiedlichen Erfolg von Anbietern mit "Exploration", also mit der Einführung von Neuheiten in den Markt. Die herausragenden Bestsellererfolge einiger weniger Verlage können durch Statussignale erklärt werden, welche sich aus feldspezifischen Bewertungsprozessen ergeben und Lesern, Kritikern und dem Handel als Qualitätssignale dienen. Der Inhalt Kulturindustrien und der Buchmarkt Qualitätsunsicherheit als Koordinationsproblem Status und Märkte als soziale Strukturen Die Entstehung von Ambidextrie Sonderfall Mittelstatus-Konformität Die Zielgruppen Dozierende und Studierende der Bereiche Organisationsforschung und Marktsoziologie Praktiker im Bereich Kultur- und Medienmanagement sowie Unternehmensentwicklung Die Autorin Isabella Reichert ist Post-Doktorandin am Max-Planck-Institut für Gesellschaftsforschung in Köln. In ihrer Forschung beschäftigt sie sich mit der ökonomischen Bewertbarkeit ästhetischer Güter und der Erklärung von Erfolgsstrukturen in Kulturindustrien

This paper examines if socioeconomic status can explain the way health is affected from exposure to environmental extremes. The paper starts with the hypothesis that deficits in health in the event of a disaster may overlap with deficits in achieved and ascribed social status at the time of the disaster event. To test this hypothesis, the paper draws upon a rich dataset from flood-devastated Bangladesh, and describes disease incidences across various poles of social and identity stratification. Causal roles of different indicators of socioeconomic status (viz., consumption expenditure, education, occupation, and asset ownership), vis-à-vis severity of disaster exposure, in affecting disease incidences are then analyzed, taking into account the differences in innate physiological status of exposed individuals (as determined by their age and gender). In light of the empirical results, the paper fails to reject its initial hypothesis, and concludes: while disaster exposure increases risk of ailment, this risk is independently affected by social deprivation and inequities embedded in a stratified society.

The frequency of the experience of particular emotions can be considered a measure of subjective well-being and therefore an indicator of the quality of life in the overall population. Key approaches to the sociology of emotions provide the theoretical background to this study. On the basis of Swiss Household Panel (SHP) data for the years 2005-2011, a random effects regression assessed relationships between the frequency of negative emotions (desperation, anxiety and depression) and the parameters of individual socioeconomic status. The results suggest that negative emotions are experienced differently along status- and resource-based predictors such as education, income and occupational status. These associations persist when controlling for key variables of mental health and stress research such as critical life events, chronic stressors and social resources.

The literature on the relationship between health and marital status has considered both mortality and morbidity. The work which has been done on mortality is reasonably conclusive. Researchers have found a graduation in mortality rates over marital status with the divorced faring worst for almost every cause of death, with the single occupying the mid position, and the married being best off (Morgan 1980; Macintyre 1986, 1992).