Sea and Ocean Hazards, Risks and Disasters provides a scientific approach to those hazards and disasters related to the Earth's coasts and oceans. This is the first book to integrate scientific, social, and economic issues related to disasters such as hazard identification, risk analysis, and planning, relevant hazard process mechanics, discussions of preparedness, response, and recovery, and the economics of loss and remediation. Throughout the book cases studies are presented of historically relevant hazards and disasters as well as the many recent catastrophes. Contains contributions from
This article provides a theoretical consideration of the ways in which school bullying relates to social and moral orders and the relations of power that are central to the upholding of such orders. Moving away from the focus on individual aggressive intentionality that has hitherto dominated school bullying research, the article argues that understanding the social processes of bullying requires not only understanding bullying as a group interactional process but also how such interaction is part of power relations within both the immediate context of the school and the wider society.
We live in atmospheres, we talk about them and we move through them. They offer us an important route into comprehending several aspects of human life and experience, what is important to people, the environments life is played out in, and the processes of change and possible futures. Atmospheres are an ephemeral yet inescapable element of our everyday experiential and conceptual environments. They are continually beyond our grasp as they undergo constant transformation.By interrogating atmospheres, this book arrives at new ways of thinking about the relationships between people, space, time and events. Atmospheres and the Experiential World explores the ways we engage with these affective modes, and the possibilities they offer for researchers, designers and policy-makers to make and intervene in the world.Chapters propose an approach to atmospheres that is not fixed to certain forms or boundaries. Instead, this book argues that atmospheres should be conceptualised as dynamic and changing configurations that allow analytical insight into a range of topics when we think in, about and through them. This book offers scholars, designers and creative practitioners, professionals and students a research-based way of understanding and intervening in atmospheres.
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This paper constructs a culturally appropriate model for Muslim women's empowerment in management and leadership positions that addresses sustainability goals of quality education, gender equality, economic growth and reducing inequalities, as well as national and cultural differences from Western women's empowerment models. The approach to model building begins with two sources of evidence for women's empowerment—first, the empowerment of women recognised in the Qur'an and Sunnah, and in the historical-biographical record, particularly in the early Islamic period that draws to some extent on hermeneutics. This is followed by identifying four approaches that can be used in constructing a comprehensive model of Muslim women's empowerment: Bourdieu's social, cultural and intellectual capital theory; multiple modernities theory that recognises societal diversity; cultural security arguments for the preservation of cultures; and postcolonial critiques that argue for diversity through decolonising. The main argument of this paper is that sustainability goals cannot be achieved without a model appropriate to the valuational, cultural and societal context in which women are educated and work. The final section of this paper proposes a multidimensional and multilevel model that can be used as a guidance for empowering Muslim women in management and leadership positions. The model construction is based partly on Côté and Levine's psychosocial cultural model that identifies multiple levels and dimensions of identity, role and social institution construction. This article contributes to the current literature by proposing a theoretical foundation and a multidimensional model that can inform and shape the empowerment of Muslim women in management and leadership positions in different societies.
A constitution treaty was signed by the 25 member states of the European Union in Rome in October of 2004, however, French & Dutch voters failed to ratify this document casting a "no" vote in their national referendums held in Spring of 2005. The EU constitutional crisis is placed in the historical context of the various crises that plagued this & other European international organizations after WWII. The outcomes of the referendums are also placed in the context of two other referendums that rejected EU treaties: in 1992 Danish voters did not ratify the treaty of Maastricht making Denmark to opt out from the Euro & in 2001 Irish voters did not ratify the treaty of Nice forcing Ireland to remain a militarily neutral member of the organization. The implications of these negative referendums, in particular the two in 2005, for integration theories are assessed, pointing out that these models deal exclusively with the progress in the construction of the integrated EU & completely disregard stagnation stages, interruptions, or disintegration trends. Three possible interpretations of the current constitutional crisis are considered, ie, it is: a change, the end, or only a dent/depression in the integration process; scenarios & strategies in EU future prospects as well as research desiderata for each are taken into account. It is stressed that the classical integration theories must free themselves from their normative bias & strengthen their conceptualization & analysis of crisis situations; they must study not only spill-over but also spill-back tendencies, not only Europeization but also renationalization trends, & crisis & stagnation phases next to fusion & growth stages. The current constitutional crisis should be a stimulus to a paradigm change in integration research. Tables, References. Z. Dubiel
Ruminates on women Afrikaner nationalists, 1904-1930s, spurred by photographs of (1) M. E. Rothmann, organizing secretary of the Afrikaans Christian Women's Society, & (2) anonymous white-clad Afrikaner women bearing flags. At issue are the significations in the framing of such images. Interest is taken with the metaphor of the railway in the photograph as symbolic of movement & women's political action. Anne McClintock's (1995) take on the gender component of Afrikaner nationalism is reviewed, arguing that Afrikaner women exercised more agency than McClintock imagined & that they were actively involved in the construction of Afrikaner nationalist maternalist discourse & the building of the nationalist movement. Archival data on female Afrikaner nationalists are drawn on to elaborate on this & to structure the interpretation of the aforementioned photographs as contrasting images of female bodies in public spaces. The origins of the Afrikaans Christian Women's Society are traced, & the essence of various leaders' (eg, first president Elizabeth Roos) speeches & work in the press are examined to reveal the character of women's changing roles. Responses from other quarters (eg, churchmen) shed light on the concern men felt toward the actions of these women in pursuit of a legitimate public role. Although Female Afrikaner nationalists, including Rothmann, constructed a maternalist discourse centered on mainstream ideas of women's primary role as mother that did not challenge the idea of separate spheres, such discourse did push the maternal role beyond familial space in to the political realm. It is concluded that the photograph of Rothmann involves a trope that contrasts with the predominantly male, stereotypical nationalist ideas fused with apolitical notions of housebound Afrikaner femininity. 2 Figures. J. Zendejas
The article considers an issue of legislative regulation of political penal servitude and exile to Siberia on the example of the post-reform period in the 60–70s of the 19th century. in the dichotomy of general criminal laws and rules about political exiles. The author proves in the article that the interpretation of the Siberian exile by the past and present historians of the forms and methods of legal regulation, the prevailing views and assessments by researchers of the legal norms value are far from the realities of the times of political penal servitude and exile in the post-reform era.
The results leading to this publication have received funding from the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking under grant agreement No 777394 for the project AIMS-2-TRIALS. This Joint Undertaking receives support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and EFPIA and AUTISM SPEAKS, Autistica, SFARI. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. Any views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the funders.
The paper provides an empirical investigation of Alfred Marshall's analysis of the silver flow mechanism between the West and the East, which maintains that silver will flow whenever there is a difference in its purchasing power. The results show that Marshall's analysis offers an empirically sound interpretation of changes in the price level in China and the silver flow across China's borders. The results also confirm that there was a high degree of international integration for China's internal and external prices of silver. Moreover, the stable purchasing power parity could in practice be maintained by silver flow without resorting to a substantial percentage of tradable goods.
Abstract This article shows that "not chosen" experiences of non-take up to healthcare, having multiple implications for people and remaining unanswered from the social protection and health system, create a paradoxical situation. The result, among the people concerned, is a destabilization of representations of system, conducive to the construction of criticisms and reactions leading people to keep, voluntarily and by different means, at a distance from certain health and social offers.
International audience ; Au dernier siècle du llle millénaire avant notre ère, dans l'État de Lagash, le roi Gudéa ordonne de désacraliser l'ancien temple du dieu Ningirsu, le dieu suprême du panthéon de son royaume, et fonde, non loin du précédent, un temple nouveau. Gudéa a laissé à la postérité deux grands textes qui décrivent les procédures et les rituels qui annoncent, précèdent et accompagnent la fondation et la construction de ce temple. Ils sont connus sous l'intitulé « cylindres de Gudéa », étant donné la forme cylindrique du support en argile. D'emblée, les sources exposent l'état des faits à leur façon : le dieu suprême du panthéon sumérien, Enlil, ayant regardé d'un oeil favorable le dieu souverain de l'État de Lagash, Ningirsu, autorise la construction d'un temple à Girsu, la capitale religieuse et politique de ce royaume. Ningirsu à son tour, fort de l'approbation d'Enlil, décide de la construction d'un temple. Pour ce faire, il apparaît en songe au roi humain, Gudéa, qui s'offre pour être l'exécutant de la tâch e. Bref, la sphère du politique est convoquée dans les personnes de ses plus éminents représentants. Enlil autorise, Ningirsu ordonne et Gudéa obéit. Partant, l'explication adoptée par les spécialistes est celle de la chaîne de l'autorité : dieu suprême-dieu poliade-roi humain. Des inscriptions royales multiples de toutes périodes ne tiennent-elles pas le même discours : Enlil regarde avec bienveillance un dieu poliade en l'honneur duquel une construction pieuse est en projet ; il agit en sa qualité de roi de tous les dieux ; le dieu poliade, aux ordres du dieu suprême, suscite à son tour de la part du roi humain le désir de bâtir un temple.
International audience ; Au dernier siècle du llle millénaire avant notre ère, dans l'État de Lagash, le roi Gudéa ordonne de désacraliser l'ancien temple du dieu Ningirsu, le dieu suprême du panthéon de son royaume, et fonde, non loin du précédent, un temple nouveau. Gudéa a laissé à la postérité deux grands textes qui décrivent les procédures et les rituels qui annoncent, précèdent et accompagnent la fondation et la construction de ce temple. Ils sont connus sous l'intitulé « cylindres de Gudéa », étant donné la forme cylindrique du support en argile. D'emblée, les sources exposent l'état des faits à leur façon : le dieu suprême du panthéon sumérien, Enlil, ayant regardé d'un oeil favorable le dieu souverain de l'État de Lagash, Ningirsu, autorise la construction d'un temple à Girsu, la capitale religieuse et politique de ce royaume. Ningirsu à son tour, fort de l'approbation d'Enlil, décide de la construction d'un temple. Pour ce faire, il apparaît en songe au roi humain, Gudéa, qui s'offre pour être l'exécutant de la tâch e. Bref, la sphère du politique est convoquée dans les personnes de ses plus éminents représentants. Enlil autorise, Ningirsu ordonne et Gudéa obéit. Partant, l'explication adoptée par les spécialistes est celle de la chaîne de l'autorité : dieu suprême-dieu poliade-roi humain. Des inscriptions royales multiples de toutes périodes ne tiennent-elles pas le même discours : Enlil regarde avec bienveillance un dieu poliade en l'honneur duquel une construction pieuse est en projet ; il agit en sa qualité de roi de tous les dieux ; le dieu poliade, aux ordres du dieu suprême, suscite à son tour de la part du roi humain le désir de bâtir un temple.
International audience ; Au dernier siècle du llle millénaire avant notre ère, dans l'État de Lagash, le roi Gudéa ordonne de désacraliser l'ancien temple du dieu Ningirsu, le dieu suprême du panthéon de son royaume, et fonde, non loin du précédent, un temple nouveau. Gudéa a laissé à la postérité deux grands textes qui décrivent les procédures et les rituels qui annoncent, précèdent et accompagnent la fondation et la construction de ce temple. Ils sont connus sous l'intitulé « cylindres de Gudéa », étant donné la forme cylindrique du support en argile. D'emblée, les sources exposent l'état des faits à leur façon : le dieu suprême du panthéon sumérien, Enlil, ayant regardé d'un oeil favorable le dieu souverain de l'État de Lagash, Ningirsu, autorise la construction d'un temple à Girsu, la capitale religieuse et politique de ce royaume. Ningirsu à son tour, fort de l'approbation d'Enlil, décide de la construction d'un temple. Pour ce faire, il apparaît en songe au roi humain, Gudéa, qui s'offre pour être l'exécutant de la tâch e. Bref, la sphère du politique est convoquée dans les personnes de ses plus éminents représentants. Enlil autorise, Ningirsu ordonne et Gudéa obéit. Partant, l'explication adoptée par les spécialistes est celle de la chaîne de l'autorité : dieu suprême-dieu poliade-roi humain. Des inscriptions royales multiples de toutes périodes ne tiennent-elles pas le même discours : Enlil regarde avec bienveillance un dieu poliade en l'honneur duquel une construction pieuse est en projet ; il agit en sa qualité de roi de tous les dieux ; le dieu poliade, aux ordres du dieu suprême, suscite à son tour de la part du roi humain le désir de bâtir un temple.
