Suchergebnisse

This article studies the relationship between the 'big five' personality traits and political ideology in a large U.S. representative sample (N=14,672). In line with research in political psychology, 'openness to experience' is found to predict liberal ideology, and 'conscientiousness' predicts conservative ideology. The availability of family clusters in the data is leveraged to show that these results are robust to a sibling fixed-effects specification. The way that personality might interact with environmental influences in the development of ideology is also explored. A variety of childhood experiences are studied that may have a differential effect on political ideology based on a respondent's personality profile. Childhood trauma is found to interact with 'openness' in predicting ideology, and this complex relationship is investigated using mediation analysis. These findings provide new evidence for the idea that differences in political ideology are deeply intertwined with variation in the nature and nurture of individual personalities. Adapted from the source document.

This text discusses the notion of human development from a decolonizing perspective of political psychology. Through collective action research – CAR– (since 2009 to date) we retell war stories from the versions of ancient and popular communities which, by means of civil disobedience against the official policy, show processes of decolonization of their feelings based on their existential struggles and their inter–subjectivity processes, extended to the relationship between humans and nonhumans. In contrast to the technical frameworks of human development, the communities approach the notion of collective subjectivities from their plural philosophies of good living as a paradigmatic revolution and civilizational transition, which has political implications and propose political ways to addressing the conflict in Colombia. The communities in war contexts challenge the meaning of good living (buen vivir), pluralizing the semantic field of collective subjectivities from the most intimate places of politics. ; Este texto problematiza la noción del desarrollo humano desde la psicología política decolonial. En los procesos de investigación y acción colectiva –iac– (desde 2009 hasta la fecha) recontamos las historias de la guerra a partir de las versiones de comunidades ancestrales y populares que en desobediencia civil frente a la política oficial revelan procesos de descolonización del sentir a partir de sus luchas existenciales y desde procesos de intersubjetividad, ampliados a la relación entre seres humanos y no humanos.En contraste con el enfoque del desarrollo humano –constructo técnico–disciplinar– y los marcos de referencia construidos en cosmogonías plurales –dimensión ontológica y cotidiana–, las comunidades en resistencias ancestrales proponen la noción de subjetividades colectivas desde sus filosofías plurales del buen vivir como una revolución paradigmática y una transición civilizatoria con implicaciones y rutas políticas fundamentales para tramitar el conflicto en Colombia. Las comunidades en contextos de guerra disputan el sentido del buen vivir, pluralizando el campo semántico de las subjetividades colectivas desde los lugares más íntimos de la política. La regulación de las emociones evidencia el componente más subjetivo que participa en complicidad con el lastre teórico y material de la historia entendida como desarrollo.

Social representations theory is unique within social psychology for its primary focus on information and its effects on society. Schema research likewise focuses on information, but only information in individual minds. Meme theory, while essentially a rediscription of what we already know, provides a helpful perspective on how ideas form, change, and spread. Together, these three approaches to information can help inform a political psychology capable of addressing the most pressing political problems we face today.

In the history of diplomacy, as practical activity, as art or as science, prominent names of psychologists or sociologists are not specifically mentioned even if they influenced or contributed to the statutory decision at thestate, nation, or international level. However, those leaders who had sound knowledge of political psychology, social psychology, psychology or communications were protected from serious mistakes, errors with negativeimplications on humanity.Keywords: history; diplomacy, political; social, psychology; implications;humanity.

ALTHOUGH CULTURE IS ONE OF THE MOST POWERFUL CONCEPTS IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES, THE DISCIPLINE OF POLITICAL SCIENCE WAS SLOW TO EXPLOIT IT IN SPITE OF ITS OBVIOUS RELEVANCE FOR MANY BASIC CONCERNS IN THE DISCIPLINE, SUCH AS LEGITIMACY, TRADITION, CONSTITUTIONAL NORMS, AND BASIC NATIONAL VALUES. HOWEVER, ONCE THE CONCEPT WAS ACCEPTED IN THE 1950S THERE WAS A DECADE OF INTENSE INTEREST IN CULTURAL ANALYSIS DURING WHICH LEADING FIGURES IN ALL THE SOCIAL SCIENCES ENGAGED IN BOLD THEORY-BUILDING. FOR VARIOUS REASONS INTEREST IN POLITICAL CULTURE DECLINED IN THE 1970S, BUT RECENTLY THERE HAS BEEN A REVIVAL OF WORK ON POLITICAL CULTURE. THIS ARTICLE PRESENTS A REVIEW OF THE EARLY HISTORY IN HOPES OF HELPING THE REVIVAL TO PROCEED ON A SOLID BASIS.

PROSPECT THEORY OFFERS POWERFUL INSIGHTS AND PROPOSITIONS INTO POLITICAL DECISION-MAKING, ESPECIALLY IN INTERNATIONAL POLITICS. EVIDENCE INDICATES THAT STATESMENT ARE INDEED RISK-ACCEPTANT FOR LOSSES. THIS WOULD HELP EXPLAIN OBSERVED PATTERNS IN BARGAINING, DETERRENCE, THE ORGINS OF WARS, AS WELL AS SUGGESTING WHY STATES ARE LESS LIKELY TO BEHAVE AGGRESSIVELY WHEN DOING SO WOULD PRODUCE GAINS THAN WHEN SUCH BEHAVIOR MIGHT PREVENT LOSSES.

Contrasting beliefs and attitudes held by sharecroppers and their landlord on a fazenda in Northeastern Brazil reveal a tendency to split one another into positively and negatively idealized images. Sharecroppers who ambivalently seek patronage construct good vs. bad landlords/patrons. The landlord, defensive about envy and hostility among sharecroppers, constructs good vs. bad tenants/workers. Theory from the Kleinian school of psychoanalysis concerning envy, splitting, and idealization provides a framework for interpreting ethnographic case materials.