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SINCE 1982 THE UNITED STATES HAS BEEN A LARGE NET IMPORTER OF CAPITAL. THIS CONDITION APPEARS TO BE PRIMARILY ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE LARGE, SUSTAINED FEDERAL BUDGET DEFICIT. NET U.S. FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN THE 1980'S APPEARED TO BE MORE SENSITIVE TO CHANGES IN DOMESTIC DEMAND, SUGGESTING AN INCREASING SUBSTITUTABILITY OF DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN GOODS IN THE U.S. MARKET. CHANGES IN FOREIGN ECONOMIC CONDITIONS AND POLICIES IN THE 1980'S DID NOT APPEAR TO HAVE A SUBSTANTIAL EFFECT ON THE BALANCE OF CAPITAL FLOWS. THUS, THE LARGE NET U.S. IMPORTATION OF CAPITAL IS NOT A POLICY PROBLEM BUT IS THE RESULT OF A POLICY PROBLEM--SPECIFICALLY, THE DECLINE IN PRIVATE SAVINGS AND THE CONTINUOUSLY LARGE FEDERAL BUDGET DEFICIT.

Argues for the conceptual plausibility of false consciousness, parting with radical leftists in refusing to invoke false consciousness whenever contradictions between reality & prediction need to be explained (away). Rather, standard economics is employed to specify conditions under which false consciousness will probably or probably not appear. Strikingly, economics demonstrates that false consciousness is unlikely to plague the individuals whom the radical Left has frequently deemed affected by it. Indeed, academics themselves in their function as social critics are especially prone to false consciousness; thus their social criticism & policy recommendations ought to be regarded with a grain of salt. 1 Figure, 44 References. K. Coddon

En ligne à cette adresse : http://com.revues.org/document698.html ; National audience ; Insular Oceania presents a certain amount of geographical elements that can be social, economical and political; all of which lead to processes of fragmenting and dispersing territories and societies that belong there. In order to compensate for this lack of unity and above all to find a way of insertion into the international system, processes of regional co-operation are being run in between sets of insular States. However, the current co-operation mechanisms do not involve the same purposes and their details of implementation and action are different. From the development of an outline of spheres of regional co-operation system, we can come closer to comprehending these major development processes ; L'Océanie insulaire présente un certain nombre d'éléments géographiques, socio-économiques et politiques qui concourent à la fragmentation et la dispersion des territoires et des sociétés qui s'y égrènent. Pour pallier le manque d'unité et surtout pour trouver une insertion dans le système international, des processus de coopération régionale se déroulent entre des ensembles d'États insulaires. Cependant, les mécanismes de coopération en vigueur ne recouvrent pas les mêmes réalités, ils ne tendent pas vers les mêmes buts et leurs modalités d'actions et de mise en oeuvre sont différentes. À partir de l'élaboration d'un schéma des sphères du système de coopération régionale, on peut approcher la compréhension de ces processus de développement majeurs.

En ligne à cette adresse : http://com.revues.org/document698.html ; National audience ; Insular Oceania presents a certain amount of geographical elements that can be social, economical and political; all of which lead to processes of fragmenting and dispersing territories and societies that belong there. In order to compensate for this lack of unity and above all to find a way of insertion into the international system, processes of regional co-operation are being run in between sets of insular States. However, the current co-operation mechanisms do not involve the same purposes and their details of implementation and action are different. From the development of an outline of spheres of regional co-operation system, we can come closer to comprehending these major development processes ; L'Océanie insulaire présente un certain nombre d'éléments géographiques, socio-économiques et politiques qui concourent à la fragmentation et la dispersion des territoires et des sociétés qui s'y égrènent. Pour pallier le manque d'unité et surtout pour trouver une insertion dans le système international, des processus de coopération régionale se déroulent entre des ensembles d'États insulaires. Cependant, les mécanismes de coopération en vigueur ne recouvrent pas les mêmes réalités, ils ne tendent pas vers les mêmes buts et leurs modalités d'actions et de mise en oeuvre sont différentes. À partir de l'élaboration d'un schéma des sphères du système de coopération régionale, on peut approcher la compréhension de ces processus de développement majeurs.

En ligne à cette adresse : http://com.revues.org/document698.html ; National audience ; Insular Oceania presents a certain amount of geographical elements that can be social, economical and political; all of which lead to processes of fragmenting and dispersing territories and societies that belong there. In order to compensate for this lack of unity and above all to find a way of insertion into the international system, processes of regional co-operation are being run in between sets of insular States. However, the current co-operation mechanisms do not involve the same purposes and their details of implementation and action are different. From the development of an outline of spheres of regional co-operation system, we can come closer to comprehending these major development processes ; L'Océanie insulaire présente un certain nombre d'éléments géographiques, socio-économiques et politiques qui concourent à la fragmentation et la dispersion des territoires et des sociétés qui s'y égrènent. Pour pallier le manque d'unité et surtout pour trouver une insertion dans le système international, des processus de coopération régionale se déroulent entre des ensembles d'États insulaires. Cependant, les mécanismes de coopération en vigueur ne recouvrent pas les mêmes réalités, ils ne tendent pas vers les mêmes buts et leurs modalités d'actions et de mise en oeuvre sont différentes. À partir de l'élaboration d'un schéma des sphères du système de coopération régionale, on peut approcher la compréhension de ces processus de développement majeurs.

En ligne à cette adresse : http://com.revues.org/document698.html ; National audience ; Insular Oceania presents a certain amount of geographical elements that can be social, economical and political; all of which lead to processes of fragmenting and dispersing territories and societies that belong there. In order to compensate for this lack of unity and above all to find a way of insertion into the international system, processes of regional co-operation are being run in between sets of insular States. However, the current co-operation mechanisms do not involve the same purposes and their details of implementation and action are different. From the development of an outline of spheres of regional co-operation system, we can come closer to comprehending these major development processes ; L'Océanie insulaire présente un certain nombre d'éléments géographiques, socio-économiques et politiques qui concourent à la fragmentation et la dispersion des territoires et des sociétés qui s'y égrènent. Pour pallier le manque d'unité et surtout pour trouver une insertion dans le système international, des processus de coopération régionale se déroulent entre des ensembles d'États insulaires. Cependant, les mécanismes de coopération en vigueur ne recouvrent pas les mêmes réalités, ils ne tendent pas vers les mêmes buts et leurs modalités d'actions et de mise en oeuvre sont différentes. À partir de l'élaboration d'un schéma des sphères du système de coopération régionale, on peut approcher la compréhension de ces processus de développement majeurs.

En ligne à cette adresse : http://com.revues.org/document698.html ; National audience ; Insular Oceania presents a certain amount of geographical elements that can be social, economical and political; all of which lead to processes of fragmenting and dispersing territories and societies that belong there. In order to compensate for this lack of unity and above all to find a way of insertion into the international system, processes of regional co-operation are being run in between sets of insular States. However, the current co-operation mechanisms do not involve the same purposes and their details of implementation and action are different. From the development of an outline of spheres of regional co-operation system, we can come closer to comprehending these major development processes ; L'Océanie insulaire présente un certain nombre d'éléments géographiques, socio-économiques et politiques qui concourent à la fragmentation et la dispersion des territoires et des sociétés qui s'y égrènent. Pour pallier le manque d'unité et surtout pour trouver une insertion dans le système international, des processus de coopération régionale se déroulent entre des ensembles d'États insulaires. Cependant, les mécanismes de coopération en vigueur ne recouvrent pas les mêmes réalités, ils ne tendent pas vers les mêmes buts et leurs modalités d'actions et de mise en oeuvre sont différentes. À partir de l'élaboration d'un schéma des sphères du système de coopération régionale, on peut approcher la compréhension de ces processus de développement majeurs.

En ligne à cette adresse : http://com.revues.org/document698.html ; National audience ; Insular Oceania presents a certain amount of geographical elements that can be social, economical and political; all of which lead to processes of fragmenting and dispersing territories and societies that belong there. In order to compensate for this lack of unity and above all to find a way of insertion into the international system, processes of regional co-operation are being run in between sets of insular States. However, the current co-operation mechanisms do not involve the same purposes and their details of implementation and action are different. From the development of an outline of spheres of regional co-operation system, we can come closer to comprehending these major development processes ; L'Océanie insulaire présente un certain nombre d'éléments géographiques, socio-économiques et politiques qui concourent à la fragmentation et la dispersion des territoires et des sociétés qui s'y égrènent. Pour pallier le manque d'unité et surtout pour trouver une insertion dans le système international, des processus de coopération régionale se déroulent entre des ensembles d'États insulaires. Cependant, les mécanismes de coopération en vigueur ne recouvrent pas les mêmes réalités, ils ne tendent pas vers les mêmes buts et leurs modalités d'actions et de mise en oeuvre sont différentes. À partir de l'élaboration d'un schéma des sphères du système de coopération régionale, on peut approcher la compréhension de ces processus de développement majeurs.

By 2015, China may well have the world's largest economy. In The Chinese Century, Oded Shenkar shows how China is restoring its imperial glory by infusing modern technology and market economics into a non-democratic system controlled by the Communist party and bureaucracy. Shenkar shows why China's quest for global success differs radically from predecessors such as Japan, India, and Mexico... why it represents a fundamental restructuring of the global business system... and why it will transform the roles of participants in the global economy. He previews tomorrow's new competitive ground rules, terms of employment, and consumption patterns, and shows how Chinese ascendancy is redrawing political, economic, and social battle lines. Learn why the U.S. is most vulnerable to China's ascent... how China's disregard for intellectual property creates sustainable competitive advantage... how China's growth impacts global businesses and individual purchasing decisions. Above all, Shenkar shows what you must do to survive and prosper in "The Chinese Century."

Neoliberal urban restructuring constitutes an underlying challenge facing cities and communities around the world. Public space, as a medium of political engagement and social interactions, may represent a vehicle for resistance against patterns of shrinking democracy. In its capacity as a place for active democracy, public spaces – the lived spaces of contemporary societies – deserve greater care, attention, and critical reflection. As movements evolve to confront new challenges, explore new opportunities, negotiate with new actors and circumstances, and utilise new technologies and platforms, our understanding of the agency of democracy – supported through an understanding of civic dignity – must also advance. This paper aims at examining the role of public space in reclaiming and reinstating democracy. By drawing on empirical findings from cities worldwide, explored through the lens of multiple disciplines, it argues that the study of urban protest might show directions for a new, dignified politics of public space. It asks how this study may enable planners and designers to contribute to the spatial emergence of human and civic dignity.

1. Current understandings of homelessness -- 2. Homelessness and international housing policy -- 3. The continuing urban housing shortfall and affordability crisis -- 4. Defining homelessness in developing countries -- 5. Accommodation conditions and differentiating between homeless people and those in inadequate housing -- 6. Estimating the hidden millions -- 7. Who are the hidden millions? The characteristics of homeless people -- 8. Economic, social and cultural causes -- 9. Political and legal issues -- 10. Disaster and conflict -- 11. Exclusion, perceptions and isolation -- 12. Children and homelessness -- 13. Towards strategic interventions for homeless people -- Bibliography

This work is a contribution for elaborating a research framework for the study of institutional development for the comanagement of common fishery resources. Indeed this governance mode is marginally being used worldwide despite its positive impacts that have been proved in a large number of concrete cases.Specifically the thesis examines the performance of the governance of small-scale fishery through an empirical and inductive approach of institutional economics. Our action research framework guided interventions of public fishery policy on the management of overexploited marine resources in several case studies in New Caledonia and Vanuatu (South Pacific) between 2008 and 2016.Those cases corresponded to different contexts and temporal and spatial scales. The thesis is supported i) by a theoretical causal model of the effects of this kind of intervention on institutional change in smallscale fisheries, and ii) by an evaluation grid of the dynamics of institutional development in the case studies. It analytically and practically explores the process of adaptive experimentation of co-management development in reallife conditions. Academic and non academic knowledge on small-scale fisheries and the learning through shared governance is mobilized.Results show that spatial, multi-scale management of reef fisheries through temporary openings and closures of fishing is a way to combine community-based management and government intervention that is relevant for a number of single- and multi-species fisheries in the South Pacific. Four key processes that drive the economic performance of fishery co-management regimes are highlighted, namely individual learning of systemic processes, collective learning, homogenization of actors' strategies, and building of capacity for action.These processes are interdependent following their own temporality in response to multiple stresses and fishery contingencies, that determine the initial conditions of the interventions in particular. By explicitly taking into account ...

This work is a contribution for elaborating a research framework for the study of institutional development for the comanagement of common fishery resources. Indeed this governance mode is marginally being used worldwide despite its positive impacts that have been proved in a large number of concrete cases.Specifically the thesis examines the performance of the governance of small-scale fishery through an empirical and inductive approach of institutional economics. Our action research framework guided interventions of public fishery policy on the management of overexploited marine resources in several case studies in New Caledonia and Vanuatu (South Pacific) between 2008 and 2016.Those cases corresponded to different contexts and temporal and spatial scales. The thesis is supported i) by a theoretical causal model of the effects of this kind of intervention on institutional change in smallscale fisheries, and ii) by an evaluation grid of the dynamics of institutional development in the case studies. It analytically and practically explores the process of adaptive experimentation of co-management development in reallife conditions. Academic and non academic knowledge on small-scale fisheries and the learning through shared governance is mobilized.Results show that spatial, multi-scale management of reef fisheries through temporary openings and closures of fishing is a way to combine community-based management and government intervention that is relevant for a number of single- and multi-species fisheries in the South Pacific. Four key processes that drive the economic performance of fishery co-management regimes are highlighted, namely individual learning of systemic processes, collective learning, homogenization of actors' strategies, and building of capacity for action.These processes are interdependent following their own temporality in response to multiple stresses and fishery contingencies, that determine the initial conditions of the interventions in particular. By explicitly taking into account ...

This work is a contribution for elaborating a research framework for the study of institutional development for the comanagement of common fishery resources. Indeed this governance mode is marginally being used worldwide despite its positive impacts that have been proved in a large number of concrete cases.Specifically the thesis examines the performance of the governance of small-scale fishery through an empirical and inductive approach of institutional economics. Our action research framework guided interventions of public fishery policy on the management of overexploited marine resources in several case studies in New Caledonia and Vanuatu (South Pacific) between 2008 and 2016.Those cases corresponded to different contexts and temporal and spatial scales. The thesis is supported i) by a theoretical causal model of the effects of this kind of intervention on institutional change in smallscale fisheries, and ii) by an evaluation grid of the dynamics of institutional development in the case studies. It analytically and practically explores the process of adaptive experimentation of co-management development in reallife conditions. Academic and non academic knowledge on small-scale fisheries and the learning through shared governance is mobilized.Results show that spatial, multi-scale management of reef fisheries through temporary openings and closures of fishing is a way to combine community-based management and government intervention that is relevant for a number of single- and multi-species fisheries in the South Pacific. Four key processes that drive the economic performance of fishery co-management regimes are highlighted, namely individual learning of systemic processes, collective learning, homogenization of actors' strategies, and building of capacity for action.These processes are interdependent following their own temporality in response to multiple stresses and fishery contingencies, that determine the initial conditions of the interventions in particular. By explicitly taking into account ...