Suchergebnisse

En France, la singularité des lots de bois public mis en vente aux enchères par l'Office national des forêts pose la question de la détermination de leur prix. À partir d'une enquête ethnographique, cet article démontre que l'enchère conduit les participants à construire collectivement un consensus sur le « juste » prix des lots. Cette pratique sociale est alors l'occasion pour les enchérisseurs de mettre en jeu leur réputation d'experts quant à l'estimation des lots et la maîtrise des procédures d'enchères.

L'intérêt pour le «local» n'est pas un regard passéiste ; il correspond à une nouvelle articulation entre le politique et l'économique au niveau local, en réponse à la crise et aux problèmes de la société globale. C'est la conclusion à laquelle est conduit l'auteur à partir de son analyse d'un conflit né de la fermeture d'une usine à Annonay.
Pour cette étude , l'auteur a «violé» les frontières classiquement établies entre les disciplines de la sociologie et en a exploré les alentours. C'est cette intrusion dans des domaines voisins qui lui permet d'apercevoir ce nouveau mode de gestion au niveau local. Mais s'agit-il d'un nouveau mode de fonctionnement de la société ou seulement d'un nouveau regard sur une réalité ancienne ? Y aurait-il des fumées sans feux ou des regards nouveaux sans changement dans les réalités ?

The "World Politics of Social Investment" (WoPSI) project aims at explaining variance in social investment agendas and social in-vestment reforms across democratic countries in different regions of the World. Virtually all capitalist economies grapple with challenges of demographic change, slow economic growth, poor employment performance and increasing poverty rates. In dealing with these pro-blems, a social investment strategy appeals to a wide audience, both political and academic. However, social investment reforms and per-formances in democratic countries around the globe are highly une-qual and remain fragmentary: different countries have implemented different types of policy instruments, with different functions, at diffe-rent points in time, and to different degrees. Despite a growing number of scientific contributions on social in-vestment reforms and their effects, a systematic mapping of the de-sign of social investment agendas and policies in different democra-tic countries around the globe is still lacking. Moreover, we lack an explanation for the variance in the development of social investment policy reforms. This is where we locate the research interest of the project presented in this paper. In order to understand why social investment agendas and policies have developed differently across countries, we need to study the politics of social investment reforms. Thus, we ask: How do social investment agendas and social in-vestment policy reforms vary across democratic countries around the globe? Under what political conditions do social investment agendas and/or reforms develop ? In this paper, we situate these questions in the existing state of the literature, and we outline a way to answer these research questions in the context of social policy reforms in Latin America, East Asia, as well as Western and Eastern Europe. We argue that political coali-tions (actors and their interests), as well as the institutional embed-dedness of social investment politics are key factors in explaining the high ...

International audience ; The "World Politics of Social Investment" (WoPSI) project aims at explaining variance in social investment agendas and social in-vestment reforms across democratic countries in different regions of the World. Virtually all capitalist economies grapple with challenges of demographic change, slow economic growth, poor employment performance and increasing poverty rates. In dealing with these pro-blems, a social investment strategy appeals to a wide audience, both political and academic. However, social investment reforms and per-formances in democratic countries around the globe are highly une-qual and remain fragmentary: different countries have implemented different types of policy instruments, with different functions, at diffe-rent points in time, and to different degrees. Despite a growing number of scientific contributions on social in-vestment reforms and their effects, a systematic mapping of the de-sign of social investment agendas and policies in different democra-tic countries around the globe is still lacking. Moreover, we lack an explanation for the variance in the development of social investment policy reforms. This is where we locate the research interest of the project presented in this paper. In order to understand why social investment agendas and policies have developed differently across countries, we need to study the politics of social investment reforms. Thus, we ask: How do social investment agendas and social in-vestment policy reforms vary across democratic countries around the globe? Under what political conditions do social investment agendas and/or reforms develop ? In this paper, we situate these questions in the existing state of the literature, and we outline a way to answer these research questions in the context of social policy reforms in Latin America, East Asia, as well as Western and Eastern Europe. We argue that political coali-tions (actors and their interests), as well as the institutional embed-dedness of social investment politics are key factors ...

"Ouvrage couronné par l'Institut (Académie des sciences morales et politiques) séance du 2 mai 1857." ; Mode of access: Internet.

Foreword -- 1. Social media addiction and burnout: The mediating roles of envy and social media use anxiety -- 2. Emotion regulation in relation to smartphone use: Process smartphone use mediates the association between expressive suppression and problematic smartphone use -- 3. Mobile Phone Addiction and Adolescents' Anxiety and Depression: The Moderating Role of Mindfulness -- 4. Online-based Mindfulness Training Reduces Behavioral Markers of Mind Wandering -- 5. The Changing Face of Video Games and Video Gamers: Future Directions in the Scientific Study of Video Game Play and Cognitive Performance -- 6. Cyberbullying Victimization and Adolescent Mental Health: Evidence of Differential Effects by Sex and Mental Health Problem Type -- 7. Social Media Social Comparison of Ability (but not Opinion) Predicts Lower Identity Clarity: Identity Processing Style as a Mediator -- 8. A Biopsychosocial Model of Social Media Use and Body Image Concerns, Disordered Eating, and Muscle-Building Behaviors among Adolescent Girls and Boys.

As response rates continue to decline, the need to learn more about the survey participation process remains an important task for survey researchers. Search engine data may be one possible source for learning about what information some potential respondents are looking up about a survey when they are making a participation decision. In the present study, we explored the potential of search engine data for learning about survey participation and how it can inform survey design decisions. We drew on freely available Google Trends (GT) data to learn about the use of Google Search with respect to our case study: participation in the Family Research and Demographic Analysis (FReDA) panel survey. Our results showed that some potential respondents were using Google Search to gather information on the FReDA survey. We also showed that the additional data obtained via GT can help survey researchers to discover topics of interest to respondents and geographically stratified search patterns. Moreover, we introduced different approaches for obtaining data via GT, discussed the challenges that come with these data, and closed with practical recommendations on how survey researchers might utilize GT data to learn about survey participation.

Dans la période de démocratisation qui suit la fin du gouvernement des militaires au Brésil, l'enracinement du Parti des travailleurs, particulièrement à São Paulo, incarne cette volonté populaire de faire de la politique autrement. Ce parti offre davantage d'espace politique aux femmes et celles-ci réussiront à se faire élire à des postes clés alors même que la Constitution de 1988 élargit les droits des travailleurs, des populations traditionnelles et des plus pauvres. L'ascension des femmes dans les instances politiques n'est cependant pas massive, elle reste le fait de quelques fortes personnalités dont la trajectoire souligne la relative plasticité de la société brésilienne, particulièrement dans sa plus grande ville où Erundina de Sousa (1988-1992), puis Marta Suplicy (2000-2004) seront élues maires. Ces victoires sont-elles le résultat d'une conjoncture exceptionnelle ou augurent-elles un réel changement durable ?

Public participation is ubiquitous in many contemporary democratic societies – used for many purposes, and in many contexts, with particular and growing relevance for policy-making on science and technology issues. However, there is a dearth of evidence as to its qualities and benefits. We contend that the implementation and interpretation of participation faces a number of dilemmas that – together –undermine its successful adoption. In this paper, we identify and discuss six specific dilemmas that – together – may militate against the practice and development of good quality participation in science and technology policy, notably dilemmas of Timing; of Relevance; of Representation; of Evaluation; of Criticism; and of Impact. We theoretically account for these dilemmas and discuss their likely impacts. Finally, we provide some suggestions as to how the participation community might attempt to pre-empt difficulties due to these dilemmas and demonstrate participation effectiveness.

This practitioner-oriented text is the first to help social researchers define research projects, manage the social research process, engage with stakeholders and influence change. It will be invaluable for all those commissioning, managing and conducting social research.