Suchergebnisse

This paper presents the results of an investigation about the relation between corporate income taxes and foreign direct investment in Latin American countries, contributing to the expansion of the empirical heritage in terms of foreign direct investment and its determinants in a crucial period of time for the economic history of the region (1990 - 2015), through the application of econometric models for panel data. As a result of the econometric results, it is inferred that macroeconomic variables such as GDP growth, the degree of Commercial Opening, regulatory quality and the qualification of the workforce have a greater preponderance in investment decisions, realizing that those countries that show a positive economic growth, a greater facility for foreign trade, a reliable government structure and a qualified human resource, they are the most desirable for investment. ; El presente trabajo presenta los resultados de una investigación acerca de la relación existente entre los impuestos sobre la renta empresarial y la inversión extranjera directa de los países de América Latina, contribuyendo a la ampliación del acervo empírico en materia de inversión extranjera directa y sus determinantes en un periodo de tiempo crucial para la historia económica de la región (1990 – 2015), a través de la aplicación de modelos econométricos para datos panel. Fruto de los resultados econométricos, se infiere que variables macroeconómicas como el crecimiento del PIB, el grado de Apertura Comercial, la calidad regulatoria y la cualificación de la mano de obra tienen una mayor preponderancia en las decisiones de inversión, dando cuenta que aquellos países que muestran un crecimiento económico positivo, una mayor facilidad para el comercio exterior, una estructura gubernamental confiable y un recurso humano calificado, son los más apetecidos por la inversión. ; Línea de profundización: Contabilidad. ; Maestría

Arun Sadasivan,1 Roshni Ramesh,2 Nikhil M Kurien3 1Department of Periodontics, Sree Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences, Kulashekaram, Tamil Nadu, India; 2Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College, Thrissur, Kerala, India; 3Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, PMS College of Dental Science and Research, Trivandrum, Kerala, IndiaCorrespondence: Arun SadasivanDepartment of Periodontics, Sree Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences, Kulashekaram, Tamil Nadu, IndiaTel +91 9847246961Email sadasivan_arun@hotmail.comIntroduction: Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is an uncommon benign odontogenic lesion with varied clinical and histological presentation. It has slow growth potential and a low recurrence rate. The tumor is mainly seen in females in the second decade of life, predominantly affecting the maxilla and associated most often with unerupted canine teeth, earning the epithet "two-thirds tumor". There are three variants: intrafollicular, extrafollicular, and peripheral. The peripheral or extra osseous type is a rare form that arises in gingival tissue.Case Presentation: This article describes a case of AOT in a 10-year-old girl who presented with gingival enlargement in relation to the maxillary left central incisor. Interestingly, intraoral periapical radiography did not show any significant findings. However, cone-beam computed tomography of the site revealed significant bone loss in the area. A surgical excision was done. Histopathological examination revealed features of AOT. Based on clinical, radiographic, and histological evidence, a diagnosis of peripheral AOT (PAOT) was made.Conclusion: PAOT is a rare disease entity in children that mimics gingival swelling, and may often be misdiagnosed by dentists. With literature still ambiguous on the origin of the tumor and biological course, it becomes imperative to examine any gingival swelling in children with a proper clinical examination, periapical radiography, and if necessary cone-beam computed tomography. Excision and histopathological evaluation will help in confirming the exact disease condition.Keywords: peripheral adenomatoid odontogenic tumour, gingival enlargement, maxillary, CBCT

This work aims to calculate the rigidity point temperature of aluminum alloys by three new methods and compare them with currently employed methods. The influence of major and minor alloying elements over the rigidity point temperature is also discussed. Until now it has been difficult to determine the exact temperature of the rigidity point, since small variations in the data obtained give variable results, making it difficult to automate the process with high accuracy. In this work we suggested three new mathematic methods based on the calculation of higher order derivatives of (dT/dt) with respect to time or temperature compared to those currently employed. A design of experiments based on the Taguchi method was employed to compare the effect of the major and minor alloying elements for the AlSi10Mg alloy, and to evaluate the accuracy of each developed method. Therefore, these systems will allow better automation of rigidity point temperature (RPT) determination, which is one of the most important solidification parameters for solidification simulators. The importance of the correct determination of this parameter lies in its relation to quality problems related to solidification, such as hot tearing. If the RPT presents very low-temperature values, the aluminum casting will be more sensitive to hot tearing, promoting the presence of cracks during the solidification process. This is why it is so important to correctly determine the temperature of the RPT. An adequate design of chemical composition by applying the methodology and the novel methods proposed in this work, and also the optimization of process parameters of the whole casting process with the help of the integrated computational modeling, will certainly help to decrease any internal defective by predicting one of the most important defects present in the aluminum industry. ; This research was partially funded by the Basque Government through the Etorgai Programme 2016, under the Filing Identification Number ZE-2016/00018 and the Elkartek Programme 2020, KK-2020-00047 for research, technological development and demonstration.

Law enforcement to transnational fugitives especially those perpetrators of money laundering with international dimension in Indonesia, in particular related to incoming extradition is needed to reconstruct. This is because hitherto, the decision to extradite is the decision of the executive branch as stipulated in Act No.1 of 1979 on Extradition. Hence, the consideration for the government to extradite is more on political concern rather than judicial. This practice is deemed neglecting the protection of human rights and creating legal uncertainty, especially in relation to detention period that could exceed beyond admissible time as stipulated in KUHAP because of the grace period on the issuance of the Presidential Decision. This research is doctrinal and field study. Based on findings in the field, incoming extradition request must be based on the court's decision, or judicial order in the future to ensure protection of human rights and legal certainty of the person who is subject of the extradition and to the requested country. Penegakan hukum terhadap buronan transnasional, terutama para pelaku pencucian uang di Indonesia, perlu sebuah rekontruksi khususnya terkait dengan ekstradisi. Ini karena sampai sekarang, keputusan untuk mengekstradisi adalah keputusan cabang eksekutif sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang No.1 tahun 1979 tentang Ekstradisi. Oleh karena itu, pertimbangan bagi pemerintah untuk mengekstradisi lebih pada masalah politik daripada peradilan. Praktik ini dianggap mengabaikan perlindungan hak asasi manusia dan menciptakan ketidakpastian hukum, terutama dalam kaitannya dengan masa penahanan yang dapat melebihi melampaui waktu yang dapat diterima sebagaimana diatur dalam KUHAP karena masa tenggang pada penerbitan Keputusan Presiden. Penelitian ini bersifat doktrinal dan studi lapangan. Berdasarkan temuan di lapangan, permintaan ekstradisi yang masuk harus didasarkan pada keputusan pengadilan, atau perintah pengadilan di masa depan untuk memastikan perlindungan hak asasi manusia dan kepastian hukum dari orang yang menjadi sasaran ekstradisi dan ke negara yang diminta.

This article explores the anthropological foundations of political liberty that helped analyze historical forms of political freedom, especially its formation, principles statement, the specific interpretation through triads system «man – political institutions – relations», which made it possible to distinguish the variety of forms of political freedom in two dimensions 1) «government – society – people»; 2) «people – the moral law». Stated that the principle of freedom anthropological research helps grasp the idea of forming the necessary components such policy as its knowledge and understanding of the activities and values. It is shown that the problem of determining the freedom of all vectors of human life has a single root, and it root is the same person. ; В статье исследованы антропологические основы политической свободы, что помогло проанализировать исторические формы политической свободы, особенности ее становления, принципы утверждения, специфику интерпретации через триадичную систему «человек – политические институты – отношения», а это позволило выделить разновидности форм осуществления политической свободы в двух измерениях 1) «власть – общество – человек»; 2) «человек – нравственный закон». Обосновано, что антропологический принцип свобод помогает научно полно постичь идею формирования таких необходимых составляющих политики, как ее познания и понимания, деятельность, ценности. Показано, что проблема определения свободы всех векторов человеческой жизни имеет единые корни, и эти корни – сам человек. ; У статті досліджено антропологічні основи політичної свободи, що допомогло проаналізувати історичні форми політичної свободи, особливості її становлення, принципи ствердження, специфіку інтерпретації через тріадичну систему «людина – політичні інститути – відносини», а це дало змогу виокремити різновиди форм здійснення політичної свободи у двох вимірах: 1) «влада – суспільство – людина»; 2) «людина – моральний закон». Стверджено, що антропологічний принцип свобод допомагає науково повно осягнути ідею формування таких необхідних складових політики, як її пізнання та розуміння, діяльність, цінності. Показано, що проблема визначення свободи всіх векторів людського життя має єдине коріння, і це коріння – сама людина.

A partir de 1639, y hasta mediados del siglo XIX, Japón mantuvo una política aislacionista rompiendo todas las relaciones con Occidente originadas casi un siglo atrás. El gobierno nipón únicamente hizo una excepción con la Compañía Neerlandesa de Indias Orientales, quienes tuvieron el privilegio de ser los únicos europeos con acceso al archipiélago japonés. Gracias a esta prerrogativa, entre 1690 y 1692, el médico alemán Engelbert Kaempfer pudo visitar el País del Sol Naciente, viajando en hasta dos ocasiones a la corte del sogún en Edo (Tokio). Fruto de estas experiencias, el germano pudo tomar una serie de notas y dibujos retratando diversos aspectos de las inaccesibles islas. Muchos de estos materiales se publicaron posteriormente en su obra The History of Japan (Londres, 1727), sin embargo una gran cantidad de sus diseños, de un valor histórico incalculable, quedaron sin editar en las sombras de sus archivos. A continuación trataremos de arrojar luz sobre estos insólitos bocetos e ilustraciones. ; From 1639, and until de mid-nineteenth century, Japan maintained an isolationist foreign policy and all relations with the Western countries, originated nearly one hundred years before, were broken. The Japanese government only made an exception with the Dutch East India Company, who had the privilege of being the only Europeans with access to the Japanese archipelago. Thanks to this prerogative, between 1690 and 1692, the German doctor Engelbert Kaempfer was able to visit the Land of the Rising Sun, traveling twice to the court of the sogún in Edo (Tokyo). As a result of these experiences, he took annotations and made drawings portraying several characteristics of those inaccessible islands. Many of these materials were published years after in his book The History of Japan (London, 1727). Nevertheless a large number of his designs, of incalculable historical value, remained unedited in the shadows of his archives. In this paper, we will try to shed light upon these sketches and illustrations.

The object of the master's work is public relations that arise in connection with the use of artificial intelligence and possible violations of human rights in the context of the European Convention on Human Rights. The purpose of the work is to study possible violations of human rights in the context of the European Convention on Human Rights in connection with the use of artificial intelligence. The tasks of the master's work: to determine the concept of artificial intelligence and to identify the challenges that makes the application of artificial intelligence; to consider the European Convention on Human Rights as the main instrument for protecting the right to privacy; on the basis of judicial practice to analyse the problem of privacy of personal life, guaranteed by Article 8 of the ECHR, in connection with the use of artificial intelligence. There were used the dialectical method, the methods of formal logic, the comparative legal method, the system method and other methods of cognition. The European Convention on Human Rights establishes human rights and freedoms, obliging each member country that has ratified this agreement to guarantee them. Many governments and regions recognize the fundamental nature of the rights protected by Article 8 of the ECHR. The use of artificial intelligence is fraught with a number of dangers and legal problems. It leads to a narrowing of the sphere of privacy and there's the need to establish at the legislative level the conditions for the limits of its application. The closer AI programs get to human skills – thinking and creativity, the more damage will be done to human rights protected by Art. 8 ECHR. It is necessary to find the right balance between technical development and the protection of human rights.

This article intends to think about the power –past and present– of Peronism as a political-cultural movement, based on an analysis of the sculptures entitled Los derechos del trabajador and La razón de mi vida, originally intended as part of the so-called Monumento al Descamisado, designed by the government in 1951, and currently part of the heritage of the Museo Histórico 17 de octubre, located in the town of San Vicente, Province of Buenos Aires. Addressing them from the point of view of the biographical approach of the material culture, a tour of the different moments that the sculptures went through to the place (physical, historical and symbolic) that they occupy today is realized, thus understanding not only that they have managed to transcend enormously to its creators, but have also been resignified and transformed into various instances, as the product of changing social and power relations. ; Este artículo se propone pensar la potencia –pretérita y actual– del peronismo, como movimiento político-cultural, a partir de un análisis de las esculturas tituladas Los derechos del trabajador y La razón de mi vida, pensadas originalmente como parte del llamado Monumento al Descamisado, diseñado por el gobierno en 1951, y que actualmente forman parte del patrimonio del Museo Histórico 17 de octubre, ubicado en la localidad de San Vicente, provincia de Buenos Aires. Abordándolas desde el punto de vista del enfoque biográfico de la cultura material, se realiza un recorrido de los distintos momentos que atravesaron las esculturas hasta el lugar (físico, histórico y simbólico) que ocupan hoy, entendiendo así que no solo han logrado trascender enormemente a sus creadores, sino que además se han visto resignificadas y transformadas en diversas instancias, producto de cambiantes relaciones sociales y de poder.

In the participation of elderly people in social networks, we can find some clues about their valuations regarding social policies and citizenship rights. With that goal in mind, during the third quarter of 2019 we carried out a cyber-anthropology exercise in a Facebook group of retirees. This article summarizes the results obtained. It is structured in four large parts. In the first, we present the methodological strategy used, proposing a general characterization of cyber-anthropology. In the second, we conducted a preliminary analysis of the Facebook group under study. In the third, we summarize the reforms made during the Mauricio Macri government (2015-2019) on the social protection system for old age. In the fourth, we analyze the valuations of the elderly and their demands and expectations in relation to the public. ; La participación de las personas mayores en las redes sociales puede brindarnos algunas claves para conocer sus valoraciones respecto de las políticas sociales y los derechos de ciudadanía. Con dicho objetivo en mente, durante el tercer trimestre de 2019 llevamos adelante un ejercicio de ciber-antropología en un grupo de Facebook de jubiladas y jubilados. El presente artículo resume los resultados obtenidos. Se estructura en cuatro grandes partes. En la primera, presentamos la estrategia metodológica utilizada, proponiendo una caracterización general de la ciber-antropología. En la segunda, realizamos un análisis preliminar del grupo de Facebook bajo estudio. En la tercera, sintetizamos las reformas efectuadas durante el gobierno de Mauricio Macri (2015-2019) sobre el sistema de protección social a la vejez, en tanto dan cuenta del contexto en el que se crea el grupo de Facebook en cuestión. En la cuarta, analizamos las valoraciones de las personas mayores y sus demandas y expectativas en relación a lo público.

After Jeremy Corbyn was elected leader of the British Labour Party in 2015, the party for the first time took a stance against austerity. The new leadership proposed to raise investment and productivity; nationalise some utilities; end privatisations; improve trade union rights, wages and conditions; a Green New Deal creating a million jobs; a rise in taxation of capital and the rich, to fund a 10% rise in spending on public services and benefits; consequent expansion and improvements of services, better wages and conditions, some services made free; large scale council house building, and re-regulation of private renting. This programme goes no further than governments in the postwar boom; but after forty years of neoliberalism it is a radical turn to the left. The party, however, came up against an offensive by the far right to engineer Britain's exit from the EU and thus deepen neoliberalism, using xenophobia to gain popular support; the Conservative win in the 2019 election marked a victory for this project and a severe defeat for Labour and the working class. This article seeks to explain this outcome by considering the dialectics of long-standing structures of British political economy, the inheritance of neoliberalism, and the strategies and tactics of the Conservative and Labour Parties. It examines the aims of the far right in Britain in relation to capital, and the campaigns of Labour on its economic and Brexit policies. The article focuses particularly on popular consciousness: the rise of individualism and xenophobia arising from daily life under neoliberalism; poor understanding of the economics of austerity and Brexit; variation of these by age and geography; and consequent votes in the referendum and two general elections. It concludes with some reflections on strategies for social democratic parties in the present period.

We examine individual land requests by ethnic chief Juan Maicá, his son Mariano Maicá and the "lenguaraz" (translator) Antonio Medina in 1861, in the midst of the liberal revision after the Rosas government towards the end of the confrontation between the State of Buenos Aires and the Confederation until 1862. We support the importance of considering jointly the relationship among arms, lands and politics in the frontier, especially in this military and institutional conjuncture. As we will try to demonstrate contrasting complementary published and unpublished sources,the case we originally analize allow us to point out the indigenous agency and the ethnic leaders ´ actions in relation to the State under building and the Creole society, the knowledge and use of the normative frameworks to their advantage and the intermediary role of Sargent Juan Cornell. Moreover, we consider some similarities with indigenous ´ land requests in other parts of the Buenos Aires frontier. ; Examinamos las solicitudes de tierras a tí­tulo individual efectuadas por el cacique Juan Maicá, su hijo Mariano Maicá y su lenguaraz Antonio Medina durante 1861, en plena revisión liberal post-rosista hacia finales del perí­odo de enfrentamiento entre el Estado de Buenos Aires y la Confederación hasta 1862. Partimos de la importancia de considerar la relación entre armas, tierras y polí­tica en la frontera, especialmente en esta coyuntura bélica e institucional. Como intentaremos demostrar mediante el contraste de fuentes inéditas y editadas complementarias, el caso que analizamos de forma original permite destacar la capacidad de agencia indí­gena y el accionar de sus lí­deres étnicos en torno a la gestión de la tierra frente al Estado en construcción y la sociedad criolla, el conocimiento y la utilización de los marcos normativos en su provecho y el rol de intermediario del sargento Juan Cornell. Consideramos además algunos puntos en común con solicitudes indí­genas de tierras en otros sectores de la frontera bonaerense.

Background: There is evidence to suggest that medically supervised drug consumption rooms (DCRs) may form part of responses to reduce drug-related harm. Although DCRs have been established globally, they are perceived by some to be a controversial approach in the UK, and Government has repeatedly rejected proposals to establish one in Glasgow, Scotland. As public support is an important component of policy development and enactment, we sought to investigate the effects of different types of message framing on public support for DCR. Methods: We undertook a cross-sectional online study with a randomised design, conducted with a nationally representative sample. Participants were randomised to one of six message conditions comprising combinations of four components. All conditions included i) a basic description of a DCR, and conditions included combinations of ii) factual information; iii) pre-emptive refutation of common public concerns about DCR; and/or iv) a sympathetic narrative describing a mother whose son died from a heroin overdose. After reading each message, participants completed a bespoke measure assessing support for DCR. Data were analysed using ANCOVA. Results: Complete data were obtained from 1591 participants (50.3% Female; mean age 44.9 ± 16.1 years). Compared to reading a basic description of DCR alone, there was greater support for DCR in participants receiving the refutation (p < .001); sympathetic + factual (p < .05); and sympathetic + factual + refutation (p < .001) message conditions. Presenting factual or sympathetic messages alone were not associated with increased support. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that public support for DCRs is not improved through communication of factual statements outlining potential benefits of the intervention alone. Advocates seeking to foster public support, and thus influence policy making, should also consider communication campaigns that address common concerns that the public might have about DCRs, and present the intervention in relation to potential benefits that they hold for people indirectly affected by drug-related harm.

undoubtedly one of the sectors most affected in the global context of the COVID 19 pandemic is the cultural one. UNESCO convened an emergency virtual meeting on 22 April in which 130 ministers and vice-ministers of culture participated in order to analyse the delicate situation and provide a joint response to the social and economic shock of the lockdown and closure of museums, theatres, cinemas, libraries, art galleries; paralysis of artistic, artisanal and gastronomic production; the suspension of music and audiovisual festivals as well as art fairs and exhibitions, books, fashion and design. The vast majority of countries confirmed the closure of their World Heritage Sites and their cultural institutions with their consequent impact of job and commercial paralysis on communities, creative industries and tourism. Resilience, ensuring access to culture despite social distancing, digital platforms (and gaps), shared practices, emergency funding, international solidarity in the face of inequality; we can highlight them as the core topics discussed at this important global meeting. China, the first country affected by COVID-19, gave a positive message and a call — showing leadership in cooperation with UNESCO- through its Deputy Minister for Culture and Tourism Zhang Xu: '' culture can and must unite, boost international engagement and restore hope and trust." He also explained the four axes of the measures implemented by the Chinese government from 21 January to tackle this problem. Chinese Studies Centres Institute for International Relations ; Sin duda uno de los sectores más afectados en el contexto global de la pandemia del COVID 19 es el cultural. UNESCO convocó el pasado 22 de abril una reunión virtual de emergencia en la que participaron 130 ministros y viceministros de Cultura con el fin de analizar la delicada situación y dar una respuesta conjunta ante la conmoción social y económica que significa el confinamiento y el cierre de museos, teatros, cines , bibliotecas, galerías de arte ; la parálisis de la ...

Objectives: To illustrate the intersections of, and intercounty variation in, individual, household and community factors that influence the impact of COVID-19 on US counties and their ability to respond. Design: We identified key individual, household and community characteristics influencing COVID-19 risks of infection and survival, guided by international experiences and consideration of epidemiological parameters of importance. Using publicly available data, we developed an open-access online tool that allows county-specific querying and mapping of risk factors. As an illustrative example, we assess the pairwise intersections of age (individual level), poverty (household level) and prevalence of group homes (community-level) in US counties. We also examine how these factors intersect with the proportion of the population that is people of colour (ie, not non-Hispanic white), a metric that reflects histories of US race relations. We defined 'high' risk counties as those above the 75th percentile. This threshold can be changed using the online tool. Setting: US counties. Participants: Analyses are based on publicly available county-level data from the Area Health Resources Files, American Community Survey, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlas file, National Center for Health Statistic and RWJF Community Health Rankings. Results: Our findings demonstrate significant intercounty variation in the distribution of individual, household and community characteristics that affect risks of infection, severe disease or mortality from COVID-19. About 9% of counties, affecting 10 million residents, are in higher risk categories for both age and group quarters. About 14% of counties, affecting 31 million residents, have both high levels of poverty and a high proportion of people of colour. Conclusion: Federal and state governments will benefit from recognising high intrastate, intercounty variation in population risks and response capacity. Equitable responses to the pandemic require strategies to protect those in counties at highest risk of adverse COVID-19 outcomes and their social and economic impacts.

The object of the master's work is public relations that arise in connection with the use of artificial intelligence and possible violations of human rights in the context of the European Convention on Human Rights. The purpose of the work is to study possible violations of human rights in the context of the European Convention on Human Rights in connection with the use of artificial intelligence. The tasks of the master's work: to determine the concept of artificial intelligence and to identify the challenges that makes the application of artificial intelligence; to consider the European Convention on Human Rights as the main instrument for protecting the right to privacy; on the basis of judicial practice to analyse the problem of privacy of personal life, guaranteed by Article 8 of the ECHR, in connection with the use of artificial intelligence. There were used the dialectical method, the methods of formal logic, the comparative legal method, the system method and other methods of cognition. The European Convention on Human Rights establishes human rights and freedoms, obliging each member country that has ratified this agreement to guarantee them. Many governments and regions recognize the fundamental nature of the rights protected by Article 8 of the ECHR. The use of artificial intelligence is fraught with a number of dangers and legal problems. It leads to a narrowing of the sphere of privacy and there's the need to establish at the legislative level the conditions for the limits of its application. The closer AI programs get to human skills – thinking and creativity, the more damage will be done to human rights protected by Art. 8 ECHR. It is necessary to find the right balance between technical development and the protection of human rights.