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A substantial literature exists within sociology and political science positing a negative link between racial/ethnic heterogeneity and a host of social goods issues. Recent large-scale meta-analyses, however, have established that the effect of racial/ethnic heterogeneity on social policy attitudes may be more salient at the local or even neighborhood level. In extending this work, we examined how racial/ethnic heterogeneity affects attitudes about redistribution within one of the most diverse and ethnically heterogeneous cities in the world, New York City. Specifically, we assessed the effects of perceived neighborhood racial/ethnic heterogeneity on preferences for redistribution and social policies among members of majority and minority groups. A diverse sample of New York City residents recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk (mTurk) responded to a series of questions regarding their perceptions of the diversity of their neighborhood before indicating their social policy preferences. We found that neighborhood racial/ethnic heterogeneity was associated with greater support for redistribution and social policies. The only evidence of a negative association with support for redistribution or social policies was for black and white respondents living in majority white neighborhoods. Together, these data suggest that perceptions of racial/ethnic heterogeneity on redistributive and social policy attitudes may be a function of one&rsquo ; s group status. Implications for the existing research are discussed. In particular, we believe this work offers new insights into the relationship between racial/ethnic heterogeneity and social policy preferences.

El objetivo de este escrito es proponer elementos conceptuales para el debate sobre la implementación de políticas sociales bajo la actual administración del presidente Hugo Chávez Frías en Venezuela. A través del uso de conceptos propios de la Ciencia Política y de la Sociología del Derecho, junto a la definición de los paradigmas como categoría analítica, se abordan las actuales políticas sociales como el resultado de una crisis institucional que necesariamente precisa la implementación de un nuevo paradigma, con las consecuencias que este proceso trae consigo para la institucionalidad del país. A partir de la forma en la que están concebidos los derechos sociales dentro de la Constitución de 1999, se exponen algunos de los dilemas que será necesario afrontar para el pleno establecimiento de una política social institucional. ; The aim of this paper is to propose conceptual elements for discussion about the implementation of social policies under the current administration of the President Hugo Chávez Frías in Venezuela. Through the use of concepts from political science and sociology of law, together with the definition of paradigms as an analytical category, it addresses the current social policies as the result of an institutional crisis, which necessarily requires the implementation of a new paradigm, with the consequences that this process entails for the country's institutions. Since the reform which social rights are conceived in the 1999 Constitution sets out some of the dilemmas that will be needed to meet the full establishment of an institutional social policy.

Nowadays, society and government are requiring Higher Education Institutions to adopt a position of social responsibility which must be focused on knowledge generation, personal and professional development. This can be achieved through projects that will improve life-quality not only of the individual but also general public, not exclusively for students or employees. Due to this context, it is necessary to stablish strategies, like science shops or fairs that support this need. These are alternatives that universities can undertake to bring together science and community for finding solutions on daily challenges. ; Hoy en día la sociedad y el Estado hacen un llamado a las instituciones de educación superior para que asuman una postura responsable socialmente a través de proyectos encaminados a generar producción intelectual y desarrollo personal y profesional, mejorando la calidad de vida del individuo y su entrono, más allá de estudiantes o empleados de la organización. En este contexto se hace necesario desarrollar mecanismos que contribuyan con este requerimiento; la creación de consultorios en temas de ciencia y tecnología (llamados Science Shops, bazares o tiendas de la ciencia) son alternativas que las instituciones de educación superior pueden poner en práctica acercando la ciencia a las comunidades a través de la solución de problemas.

Conclusion: regional leaders under the mobility whip4 Regional leadership selections in contemporary China: qualifications and preferences; Biological and personal backgrounds; Organizational and professional backgrounds; Conclusion; 5 Fiscal revenues, geopolitical settings, and political mobility of Chinese regional leaders; Regional political importance evaluated through the levels of socioeconomic development; Previous posts and chief leadership experiences of Chinese regional leaders; Toward the political and geopolitical patterns of political mobility among Chinese regional leaders.

This book is aimed at a wide range of readers who lack confidence in the mathematical and statistical sciences, particularly in the fields of Agriculture, Veterinary, Fishery, Dairy and other related areas. Its goal is to present the subject of statistics and its useful tools in various disciplines in such a manner that, after reading the book, readers will be equipped to apply the statistical tools to extract otherwise hidden information from their data sets with confidence. Starting with the meaning of statistics, the book introduces measures of central tendency, dispersion, association, sampling methods, probability, inference, designs of experiments and many other subjects of interest in a step-by-step and lucid manner. The relevant theories are described in detail, followed by a broad range of real-world worked-out examples, solved either manually or with the help of statistical packages. In closing, the book also includes a chapter on which statistical packages to use, depending on the user?s respective requirements.

Although it originated in theological debates, the general will ultimately became one of the most celebrated and denigrated concepts emerging from early modern political thought. Jean-Jacques Rousseau made it the central element of his political theory, and it took on a life of its own during the French Revolution, before being subjected to generations of embrace or opprobrium. James Farr and David Lay Williams have collected for the first time a set of essays that track the evolving history of the general will from its origins to recent times. The General Will: The Evolution of a Concept discusses the general will's theological, political, formal, and substantive dimensions with a careful eye toward the concept's virtues and limitations as understood by its expositors and critics, among them Arnauld, Pascal, Malebranche, Leibniz, Locke, Spinoza, Montesquieu, Kant, Constant, Tocqueville, Adam Smith and John Rawls.--

Cover; Half Title; Series; Title; Copyright; Contents; List of contributors; Acknowledgements; List of abbreviations; Introduction: British veterans after the First World War; 1 The deep roots of the British Legion: the emergence of First World War British veterans' organisations; 2 Ex-servicemen and the Soldiers', Sailors' and Airmen's Families Association, 1919-21; 3 Between workers and soldiers: the relationship between the Labour Party and ex-servicemen after the First World War; 4 'A fighting man and a thinking man': the British Left, ex-servicemen and working-class culture, 1914-24

Waiting is an inescapable part of life in modern societies. We all wait, albeit differently and for different reasons. Waiting is a particular experience of time, shaped by class, race, and gender. In modern societies, time is associated with success and money. It can be "counted, saved, spent, lost, wasted or invested". Hence waiting symbolizes waste, emptiness, and uselessness. What does it mean to wait for a long period of time? How do people narrate their waiting? The book is a combination of text and images, by scholars, artists, architects, and curators whose works deal with waiting in various situations and geographies.

Cover; Half Title; Title Page; Copyright Page; Table of Contents; List of figures; Preface; Acknowledgements; Introduction; 1. Politics from the Human Perspective; Conceptualising the human factor; Embedded narrative history; Empathic and visual understanding as means of research; Logics of the argument; Notes; 2. The Face and the Mask: Lithuania; Lithuania in history; Lithuania in thought; â#x80;#x9C;Lithuanian-nessâ#x80;#x9D; as experience; Modern identity formation as mask-making; Notes; 3. Political Images and Identity; Image of a hero in post-Soviet national narratives; The anatomy of political images.

Over the past thirty years, a new systemic conception of life has emerged at the forefront of science. New emphasis has been given to complexity, networks, and patterns of organisation leading to a novel kind of 'systemic' thinking. This volume integrates the ideas, models, and theories underlying the systems view of life into a single coherent framework. Taking a broad sweep through history and across scientific disciplines, the authors examine the appearance of key concepts such as autopoiesis, dissipative structures, social networks, and a systemic understanding of evolution. The implications of the systems view of life for health care, management, and our global ecological and economic crises are also discussed. Written primarily for undergraduates, it is also essential reading for graduate students and researchers interested in understanding the new systemic conception of life and its implications for a broad range of professions - from economics and politics to medicine, psychology and law

We are witnessing an important evolution in Western society of the condemnation and legal justice as regard to sexual violence towards children, teenager especially girls, but also young boys. It is in this context that my research has been carried out. There has been a double investigation; legislative sociology; and judicial sociology. They put up to date the important placing of age reference, the evolution as regarding sexual norms and representations of illicit sexual relations.The first investigation of legislative historic sociology carries on the evolution of French penal codes dating from the French Revolution to today. It is censed on slow mutations of categories of incrimination that consent (no longer the matrimonial state) becomes the major point that separates permission and the forbidden. The second inquiry of judicial sociology was carried out int the archives of two correctional courts, two children correctional courts in the South of France. It carries upon the documentation of eighty-one judged cases from 2010 for sexual offences against minors. The aim is to put light upon penal qualification of facts, not only the problem of legal proof but also changes as regard to social and judicial norms. The point these two inquiries have in common i the update of two forms of sexual consent: statuary and situation.Throughout this research, the facts were analyzed from different angles: the social-juridical treatment of ages status (minors vs of age and minors vs minors). The meaning given to the age of consent, and legal responsibility; the legal difficulties as regard to incest and finally gender discrepancies between victims and aggressors. ; On assiste dans les sociétés occidentales à une évolution importante de la reconnaissance, de la condamnation morale et de la répression judiciaire des violences sexuelles faites aux enfants et aux jeunes, en particulier filles mais aussi garçons. C'est dans ce cadre général que s'inscrit cette recherche. A partir de deux enquêtes, l'une de sociologie ...

This International Encyclopedia of Migration will define and explicate terms, concepts and key topics with widespread usage and recurring relevance for learning about and developing the fields of both international and internal migration. With migration being partly defined in the modern era by law and public policy, the subject includes knowledge not only from these areas but also from a full array of academic disciplines. Hence, this encyclopedia will include material from such fields as anthropology, archaeology, criminology, demography, economics, education, ethnic studies, geography, health sciences, history, law, linguistics, public policy, political science, psychology and sociology. As migration has been such an important part of the peopling of all parts of the world, this encyclopedia will also include synopses of major geographic movements from ancient and early history. The International Encyclopedia of Migration will be a significant resource for students, teachers, practitioners, scholars and researchers interested in or working on any aspect of migration in any field. It should be particularly useful for people seeking information and knowledge about migration from fields other than their own

Cover -- Endrosements Page -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Introduction -- 1 The Problem of Orientation in Critical International Theory -- Introduction -- Orientation, Grand Narratives, and Critical International Theory -- The Eurocentric Critique of World Politics -- The Possibility of a Historical-Sociological Approach to Grand Narratives -- 2 A Philosophical-Transcendental Grand Narrative -- Introduction -- A Theory of Moral and Social Evolution -- Universal Communication Community -- The Cosmopolitan Constitutionalisation of World Politics -- Orientation in History -- 3 The Materialist-Emergentist Conception of History -- Introduction -- Humans in Nature -- Objective Ethics -- A General Theory of Human Development -- Orientation and Emancipation -- 4 Class Struggles and Utopian Limitations -- Introduction -- The Critique of Capitalism -- The Interweaving of Multiple Forms of Class Struggle -- Utopianism and Social Monopolies -- 5 Towards a Reconstruction of Historical-Sociological Grand Narratives -- Introduction -- Process Sociology and Critical Theory -- Symbol Emancipation and the Triad of Controls -- On the Concept of Civilisation -- Civilising Processes as Grand Narrative -- 6 Critical Orientation in World Politics -- Introduction -- From the Triad to the Tetrad of Controls -- Class Struggles in Inter-Societal Relations -- Socialisation and Planned Interdependence -- Concluding Remarks -- Bibliography -- Index.

"This book presents the findings of a ten-year longitudinal study on the experience of Chinese immigrants from Wenzhou in Paris. The author examines the impact of the evolving spaces people from Wenzhou have built for themselves in the French capital, both within immigrant communities and French society at large. The study discovers that over the course of a decade, immigrants from Wenzhou in Paris have experienced notable changes in the industries they work in, where they live, their organizational structure, how they interact with one another and their inter-generational dynamics. This book investigates four specific spaces: economic, social, cultural, and policy-related, all of which emerge from immigrants' integration into local society and in turn impact their own integration. The author aims to reveal the paths and mechanisms of the community and how their social spaces have been constructed while the production mechanism of society from the theoretical point of view is also explored. The book will be of interest to scholars and students of Sociology, Immigration Studies and East Asian Studies. It will also be an essential reading for those who are interested in Chinese immigration in general"--

"This book is about unequal development and labour in Brazil, with particular reference to the economic and social development of the Northeast region, which has suffered persistent disadvantage. It combines a historical approach, which shows how economic, social and political institutions have been restructured over time, with an analysis of changes in the pattern of production, employment, unemployment and inequality up to the present day. It draws on detailed case studies to examine the connections between local and national production systems and critical labour market outcomes such as informality in employment, precarious work, and disparities between genders, races and regions. The case of the Brazilian Northeast illustrates processes, relationships and policy debates that are important not only in Brazil but also elsewhere. The book will be of interest to teachers, researchers and students in economics, sociology, labour and development; public officials and policy-makers; the international development community; and the general public interested in Latin American affairs. They will find in the book an original and systematic analysis of the factors underlying unequal development and how they respond to different policy regimes, and suggestions about the issues that need to be addressed in the future"--