Suchergebnisse

International courts and tribunals make decisions which shape international law. Yet what grants them the legitimacy to make these decisions in the first place? This book proposes a theory of international public law that argues that these international courts democratically derive their legitimacy from the people and citizens.

Introduction : on mediation : historical, legal, anthropological and international perspectives on alternative modes of conflict regulation / Karl Härter, Carolin Hillemanns and Günther Schlee -- Infrajudicial modes of conflict regulation through negotiation, mediation and arbitration in early modern European criminal justice / Karl Härter -- Adjudication or negotiation : mediation as non-modern element in conflict resolution in the Nordic countries / Pia Letto-Vanamo -- Mediation, extrajudicial conflict regulation and the privatization of the criminal justice system / Hubert Rottleuthner -- What Is mediation? : definitions and anthropological discomforts / Andrea Nicolas -- Mediation in circumstances of the existential : dispute and justice in Rwanda / Stefanie Bognitz -- Mediation and truth / Günther Schlee -- Crossing the boundaries of mediation / Keebet von Benda-Beckmann -- Interstate mediation and arbitration : concepts, cases, and actors of third party dispute resolution (17th to 19th Century) / Jakob Zollmann -- International mediation and the problem of insincere bargaining / Nathan Danneman and Kyle Beardsley -- The International Court of Justice and mediation / Pierre D'Argent -- Conclusion / Karl Härter, Carolin Hillemanns and Günther Schlee.

[EN] This paper introduces the framework conditions of the internationalization process of the higher education system in Germany and gives an overview of the implementation of international Master's programmes in engineering education and the characteristics of student migrants in this field of studies. Developments on the macro-level clearly indicate political interest to attract more international students for German universities and the technical disciplines in Germany are already very successful in this endeavour. With a special focus on higher education reforms in engineering, this paper is based on an investigation directed at the meso-level, the motivations and strategies at the level of university and faculties for establishing such international study programmes. The results of a qualitative study will be presented that was conducted at the engineering faculties of the Ruhr-Universität in Bochum between December 2014 and August 2015. With the overall aim of investigating in how far the decisions made on university and faculty levels are related to the general political endeavors to attract international talent, the different stakeholders' interests and implementation strategies such as language policy were considered ; Strenger, N.; Frerich, S. (2016). Implementation of International Master's Programmes in Engineering Education in Germany. En 2nd. International conference on higher education advances (HEAD'16). Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 152-159. https://doi.org/10.4995/HEAD16.2015.2617 ; OCS ; 152 ; 159

Global issues such as climate change, depletion of the ozone layer and bio-diversity loss call for a coordination of national environmental policies. In this paper, we focus on the conditions for mediation to promote cooperation. We consider two coalitions of countries that participate in an international negotiation. By participating, they receive an advice, a draft agreement from the chairman in charge of the negotiations. This draft sets out a distribution of the burdens and, according to the cost and benefit functions, coalitions may have an interest in complying with it or not. When there is at least one draft agreement such that countries have no incentives to deviate from the recommendation, we say that mediation by the chairman is able to disentangle coordination failure. We focus on cases where it does, and discuss the configurations that render mediation, a feasible coordination device to promote international environmental cooperation. Adapted from the source document.

Demonstrates that, as it has been implemented by international development agencies, the women in development (WID) regime, with its origins in modernist colonial discourses & discourses of the market, disempowers Third World women. Drawing on relevant literature, colonial discourses are described as privileging the economy, culture, society, & politics of European peoples & homogenizing & essentializing Third World peoples, particularly women. Moreover, the discourses of the market are taken to stress individualism & voluntary choice in a manner that disempowers Third World nations in the international political economy. It is shown that these discourses have been at the root of the WID regime as it has been implemented by the World Bank. The Third World women's, or empowerment, perspective is advocated as an alternative basis for development, because it is rooted in the concrete experiences of women & grassroots strategies of organization that do not essentialize or disempower the people it is trying to assist. D. M. Smith

International students are potential highly skilled workers who can enter in their host country's labor market. In Switzerland, migration policies regulate the selection criteria for migrant workers, including international students who subsequently seek employment after graduation. However, Switzerland has competing national interests: on the one hand, economic efficiency requires highly skilled workers who are partially recruited abroad; on the other hand, the state has to address concerns related to immigration, social cohesion, national identity, and security. We analyze the dynamic of international graduates' integration in the Swiss labor market. We first provide an overview of the stay rates of graduate students based on register data, and then we conduct a multivariate analysis of Swiss labor market integration based on graduate surveys from the Swiss Federal Statistical Office. We complement the analysis with responses to problems encountered by the international graduates when seeking employment. We find that Switzerland accesses a pool of variously skilled graduates upon their graduation from Swiss universities. While Swiss employers recruit both European and non-European graduates, the priority rule and facilitated mobility for EU nationals are reflected in higher employment rates of EU graduates. Graduates with degrees in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) are more likely than non-STEM graduates to find employment in Switzerland. Yet, this factor is not as strong as expected for all non-EU nationals: STEM graduates from both EU and non-EU countries, as well as the Asia-Pacific region, are employed at a significantly higher rate than non-STEM graduates from the same region.

This book examines the politics of the relationships between multilateral organizations that have come to play a major role in contemporary efforts to manage international security.Drawing on concepts developed in Organizational Studies, the book starts from the assumption that inter-organizational relationships are the product of contested politics. Politics that may be either more cooperative or more competitive, but which always contains elements of both. This volume focuses on inter-organizational relations emanating from, through and towards the regional scale. The proliferation in the number of regional multilateral organizations in recent decades and their growing claims to represent effective and legitimate frameworks to address security threats and issues has been widely noted. The book is organized into four sections, covering all aspects of the inter-organizational relationships in which regional multilateral organizations are involved: global-regional, intra-regional, inter-regional, and multi-scalar. Each chapter addresses a distinct case study of inter-organizational relations (bilateral, trilateral or wider network), and examines the politics shaping these relations.This book will be of much interest to students of international security, international organizations, global governance and area studies, more generally.