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Front -- Contents -- Contributors -- Introduction to the Series -- Editors' Note -- Introduction -- 1 The excess burden of taxation in the US -- 2 An intertemporal general-equilibrium model of taxation in Italy -- 3 Crowding out in a two-country overlapping-generations model -- Cost of capital, investment location and marginal effective tax rate: methodology and application -- 5 Household saving, portfolio selection and taxation in France -- Incomes and transitions within the labour force in Holland -- 7 Labour supply decisions and non-convex budget sets: the case of national insurance contributions in UK -- Income taxation and the supply of labour in West Germany: A microeconometric analysis with special reference to the West German Income Tax Reforms 1986-1990 -- 9 Tax rates, progressivity and de facto fiscal indexation in ten European countries -- 10 Tax policy at the bifurcation between equity and efficiency: lessons from the German income tax reform -- ---11---- Exploring the distribution and incentive effects of tax harmonization -- The European internal market and the welfare of Italian consumers -- ---13---- Tax reform within the EEC internal market: empirical analysis with two macroeconomic modelling approaches

In his 2016 book Notes on the Ontology of Design, Arturo Escobar asks whether it is possible to talk about the existence of a "critical design theory". He states that if by "critical" we mean the application of a series of critical theories and approaches in the fields of design, and a certain connection to cultural studies, then we can talk about the ongoing development of a "critical design theory". Based on an analysis of a set of objects by the social enterprise Meșteshukar ButiQ (Bucharest, Romania), I analyze the role of design in the construction and representation of Romani identity. Generally, design is interpreted as a representation of the self, however it has a significant role in constructing it too. According to Penny Sparke, "design is seen as being part of the dynamic process through which culture is actually constructed, not merely reflected" (2013: 4). Through an analysis of the products created and sold by Meșteshukar ButiQ and its collaborators, I examine the role of design not just in expressing but also in creating meanings, and thereby, I emphasize the design process' importance in identity politics.

Recently, a number of methods for re-thinking ideas as part of the rest of the natural world (including religious ideas and values) have appeared on the religious studies landscape. Notions of emergence theory, new materialisms, and object-oriented ontologies are geared toward thinking about religion and science, ideas and nature, values and matter from within what Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari call a "single plane" of existence. Others within the field of "religion and ecology/nature" are skeptical of these "postmodern" methods and theories. These skeptics claim that ideas from various religious traditions such as pantheism, panentheism, animism, and even co-dependent arising already do the intellectual work of re-thinking "religion and nature" together onto an immanent plane of existence. This article will begin to explore some of the links and differences between older traditions of thinking immanence with more recent post-modern moves toward spatially-oriented ways of thinking. Rather than being a final reflection on these connections and differences, this article calls for a more sustained comparative study of these different spatial approaches.

AbstractIn terms of research on school violence, criminologists have dominated the field; yet, this work has narrowly centered on crime as an indicator of violence. Although cultural sociologists have done noteworthy research on schooling and education, much of the focus has been on academic achievement. Yet, some cultural scholars have analyzed the expressions and practices of school violence, and in this paper, I argue that this approach reveals a rich, complex understanding of aggression and violence that is needed in sociological research on school violence. This includes looking at not only crime and more traditional, physical expression of violence, but also taking seriously verbal, emotion, sexual, or racial forms of violence, in addition to violence that is perpetuated by institutions. This paper reviews some of the more conventional studies on school violence and then looks at how cultural sociologists have begun to broaden this perspective. I use Swidler's 'cultural toolkit' as a framework for analyzing school violence, focusing on symbolic violence, cultural scripts, cultural resources and ideology as some of the cultural tools that prove useful to expanding our understanding of schooling and violence.

Infectious diseases are now emerging or reemerging almost every year. This trend will continue because a number of factors, including the increased global population, aging, travel, urbanization, and climate change, favor the emergence, evolution, and spread of new pathogens. The approach used so far for emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) does not work from the technical point of view, and it is not sustainable. However, the advent of platform technologies offers vaccine manufacturers an opportunity to develop new vaccines faster and to reduce the investment to build manufacturing facilities, in addition to allowing for the possible streamlining of regulatory processes. The new technologies also make possible the rapid development of human monoclonal antibodies that could become a potent immediate response to an emergency. So far, several proposals to approach EIDs have been made independently by scientists, the private sector, national governments, and international organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO). While each of them has merit, there is a need for a global governance that is capable of taking a strong leadership role and making it attractive to all partners to come to the same table and to coordinate the global approach.

Abstract The concept of sustainable lifestyles is said to have reached the limits of its usefulness. As commonly understood, it impedes an effective response to our increasingly complex world, and the associated societal challenges. In this context, the emerging paradigm of relationality might offer a way forward to renew our current understanding and approach. We explore this possibility in this study. First, we systematize if, and how, the current dominant social paradigm represents a barrier to sustainable lifestyles. Second, we analyze how a relational approach could help to overcome these barriers. On the basis of our findings, we develop a Relational Lifestyle Framework (RLF). Our aim is to advance the current knowledge by illustrating how sustainable lifestyles are a manifestation of identified patterns of thinking, being, and acting that are embedded in today's "socioecological" realities. The RLF revitalizes the field of sustainable lifestyle change, as it offers a new understanding for further reflection, and provides new directions for policy and transformation research.

This book introduces an archaeological approach to the study of media - one that sifts through the evidence to learn how media were written about, used, designed, preserved, and sometimes discarded. Edited by Erkki Huhtamo and Jussi Parikka, with contributions from internationally prominent scholars from Europe, North America, and Japan, the essays help us understand how the media that predate today's interactive, digital forms were in their time contested, adopted and embedded in the everyday. Providing a broad overview of the many historical and theoretical facets of Media Archaeology as an emerging field, the book encourages discussion by presenting a full range of different voices. By revisiting 'old' or even 'dead' media, it provides a richer horizon for understanding 'new' media in their complex and often contradictory roles in contemporary society and culture.

Achieving energy efficiency is crucial in order to improve environment and life quality. Therefore, within the residential sector, research efforts on advanced approaches to steer end users to save the energy and adapt their consumption are widely spread. One of recent approaches being used is creating a competitive environment which would stimulate the users to improve their habits. The main idea of this paper is proposing a data-driven machine learning clustering approach for ranking users depending on their consumption measurements and other relevant data collected from a real-world pilot in France. Within this paper, exploited data, implementation details and results will be presented. The research presented in this paper is partly financed by the European Union (H2020 InBetween project 768776, GA. No: H2020 LAMBDA project, GA. No: 809965), and partly by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- List of Abbreviations -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction: Does Culture Matter? -- The Cultural Approach -- Culture -- Outcomes of Culture -- Globalization -- The Framework of Analysis -- The Structure of the Book -- Conclusion -- Part I: Culture and Outcomes -- Introduction -- Chapter 1: 'Culture' and the Concepts of Culture -- Introduction -- The Early Meanings of Culture -- Connotations of Culture -- The Ambiguity of Culture -- New Cultural Theory -- The Backward Society -- The Dual Society -- The Triadic Society -- The Culture Quartet -- Political Culture -- Conclusion -- Chapter 2: What Culture Matters For: Outcomes -- Introduction -- Culture as an Explanatory Factor -- Macro-level Outcomes -- Political Development -- Affluence and Poverty -- Social Development: Equality -- Gender Equality -- Corruption -- Dependent Variables and Control Variables -- Regional-level Outcomes: Why Does Different Party Support Vary in Different Regions? -- The USA -- Russia -- Spain -- Switzerland -- Belgium -- India -- Summary -- Micro-level Data: Individual Values -- The Survey Approach to Values -- Micro-level Outcomes -- Conclusion -- Appendix: Countries Included in our Analysis Based on Different Waves of WVS -- Part II: Ethnicity -- Introduction -- Chapter 3: Ethnic Groups and Nations -- Introduction -- Ethnic Groups -- Two Types of Ethnic Groups -- Ethnogenesis -- Ethnic Cores and Nation-building -- Nation and Ethnic Group -- Nationality and Nationalism -- Herder -- Renan -- Beyond Nationalism -- Races -- Ethnicity and Society -- Conclusion -- Chapter 4: Outcomes of Ethnicity -- Introduction -- Grand-scale Ethnicity Worldwide -- Spoken Languages -- Language Families -- Outcomes of Language Families.

Intro -- General Editor's Preface -- Preface -- Introduction -- PART ONE: URBAN RESOURCES AND POWER STRUCTURES -- Introduction -- The Necessity for a Macrocosmic Model in Urban Anthropological Studies -- Urban Ethnology in Africa: Some Theoretical Issues -- The Role of Applied Research in the Development of Health Services in a Chicano Community in Chicago -- The Role of Interorganizational Networks in Urban Community Development -- Institutional and Community-Controlled Approaches to Urban Mental-Health Care -- Solid-Waste Accumulation in Residential Neighborhoods as Sociopolitical Process -- Progress and Failure in Swedish Health Planning -- Program, Organization, Planning, and Decision Making in a Community-Education System -- PART TWO: URBAN SOCIAL ORGANIZATION -- Introduction -- Acculturation and urbanization of immigrants in Barcelona: A Question of Ethnicity or a Question of Class? -- On Voluntary Associations as an Adaptive Mechanism in West African Urbanization: Another Perspective -- Neighbors, Friends, and Kin of Black Families in the Urban Adaptation -- Careers of Black Youth in the Metro-East Area -- Problems in the Analysis of Urban Cultural Organization -- PART THREE: URBAN DEVELOPMENT, DECAY, AND RECONSTRUCTION -- Introduction -- Urban Ecology and Urban Renewal: The Case of Ibadan and Sapele -- The Creation of New Housing in a Central-City Urban Renewal Project -- A Systems Approach to Metropolitan Economic Development Goals -- PART FOUR: THE PUBLIC AND THE PRIVATE SECTORS IN URBAN ORGANIZATION -- Introduction -- The Role of Industry in the Urban Process -- The Urban Utility Rate-Making Process -- Technological Transfer: A Principle of Culture Change in an Urban System -- Biographical Notes -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how the ICS intellectual capital methodology was developed starting from the underpinning academic theory.Design/methodology/approachThe approach is founded upon a number of theoretical strands. The basic intellectual capital approach is based on a development of the resource based theory of the firm. Most intellectual capital approaches have problems with meaningful measurement. ICS addresses the valuation of intellectual capital resources by using axiology and multi‐attribute value theory to produce a valuation framework and measurement theory to ensure that the results are reliable.FindingsThe ICS intellectual capital approach generates navigators (maps) of how resources are used in companies which have proven to be very useful. It has also demonstrated the value of deeper analysis of the intellectual capital resources. The measurement part, which is often used independently (known as the Conjoint Value Hierarchy (CVH), is shown as a powerful aid to decision making as well as to more straightforward valuation.Research limitations/implicationsThe limitations are that the navigator and its associated analyses are non‐rigorous while the CVH is rigorous, transparent and auditable. This mismatch can lead to problem and the challenge is to integrate them.Originality/valueWhile parts have been reported previously, this paper is the first integrated review of ICS' methodology.