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The economy of the Czech Republic is thriving, growth is high, unemployment rate is low and fiscal stance is positive. Strong demand from the external sector and household consumption boosted by high increases in wages are driving growth. However, labour productivity remains low contributing to ...

- Basic Statistics of United States, 2015 or latest year available (Numbers in parentheses refer to the OECD average)* - Executive summary - Assessment and recommendations - Progress in structural reform - Unleashing private sector productivity - Realising and expanding opportunities.

- Basic statistics of Czech Republic, 2015 (Numbers in parentheses refer to the OECD average) - Executive summary - Assessment and recommendations - Progress in structural reform - Fostering productivity for income convergence - Enhancing public sector efficiency and effectiveness.

1. Reform of central planning : orientation, methods, and limits (1991) -- 2. An economic analysis of housing reform (1991) -- 3. Moving toward an open economy (1992) -- 4. Fiscal and tax reform, and an overall economic analysis (1992) -- 5. Different paths toward achieving economic structural reform (1993) -- 6. The role of liberalized foreign trade in creating a more reasonable pricing system (November 1993) -- 7. Social security : economic analysis and systems engineering (1994) -- 8. Microeconomic concepts within the field of economics (March 1999) -- 9. Resolving to deal with the nonperforming loans of banks, and some pitfalls along the way (July 23, 1999) -- 10. Elevating our accounting standards (April 11, 2001) -- 11. Capital adequacy ratios and the need to take corrective action in time (September 12, 2003) -- 12. Several issues to do with reform of state-owned banks (April 16, 2004) -- 13. Promoting further development of capital markets by improving corporate governance (December 1, 2004) -- 14. Improving legal systems and reforming China's "financial ecosystem" (December 2, 2004) -- 15. China's corporate bond markets : experiences and lessons learned (October 20, 2005).

This paper develops an efficiency theory of contingent trade policies. We model the competition for a domestic market between one domestic and one foreign firm as a pricing game under incomplete information about production costs. The cost distributions are asymmetric because the foreign firm has to pay a trade cost. We show that the foreign firm prices more aggressively to overcome its cost disadvantage. The resulting possibility of an inefficient allocation justifies the use of contingent trade policy on efficiency grounds. Contingent trade policy that seeks to maximize global welfare can avoid the potential inefficiency. National governments, on the other hand, make excessive use of contingent trade policy due to rent shifting motives. The expected inefficiency of national policy is larger (smaller) for low (high) trade costs compared to the laissez-faire case. In general, there is no clear ranking between the laissez-faire outcome and a contingent national trade policy.

This paper develops an efficiency theory of contingent trade policies. We model the competition for a domestic market between one domestic and one foreign firm as a pricing game under incomplete information about production costs. The cost distributions are asymmetric because the foreign firm incurs a trade cost to serve the domestic market. We show that the foreign firm prices more aggressively to overcome its cost disadvantage. This creates the possibility of an inefficient allocation, justifying the use of contingent trade policy on efficiency grounds. Despite an environment of asymmetric information, contingent trade policy that seeks to maximize global welfare can be designed to avoid the potential inefficiency. National governments, on the other hand, make excessive use of contingent trade policy due to rent shifting motives. The expected inefficiency of national policy is larger (smaller) for low (high) trade costs compared to the laissez-faire case. In general, there is no clear ranking between the laissez-faire outcome and a contingent national trade policy.