Suchergebnisse

In Skeptical environmentalism, Robert Kirkman raises doubts about the speculative tendencies elaborated in environmental ethics, deep ecology, social ecology, postmodern ecology, ecofeminism, and environmental pragmatism. Drawing on skeptical principles introduced by David Hume, Kirkman takes issue with key tenets of speculative environmentalism, namely that the natural world is fundamentally relational, that humans have a moral obligation to protect the order of nature, and that understanding the relationship between nature and humankind holds the key to solving the environmental crisis. Engaging the work of Kant, Hegel, Descartes, Rousseau, and Heidegger, among others, Kirkman reveals the relational worldview as an unreliable basis for knowledge and truth claims, and as harmful to the intellectual sources from which it takes inspiration. Exploring such themes as the way knowledge about nature is formulated, what characterizes an ecological worldview, how environmental worldviews become established, and how we find our place in nature, Skeptical environmentalism advocates a shift away from the philosopher's privileged position as truth seeker toward a more practical thinking that balances conflicts between values and worldviews

This book is an investigation into the descriptive task of moral philosophy. Nora Hämäläinen explores the challenge of providing rich and accurate pictures of the moral conditions, values, virtues, and norms under which people live and have lived, along with relevant knowledge about the human animal and human nature. While modern moral philosophy has focused its energies on normative and metaethical theory, the task of describing, uncovering, and inquiring into moral frameworks and moral practices has mainly been left to social scientists and historians. Nora Hämäläinen argues that this division of labour has detrimental consequences for moral philosophy and that a reorientation toward descriptive work is needed in moral philosophy. She traces resources for a descriptive philosophical ethics in the work of four prominent philosophers of the twentieth century: John Dewey, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Michel Foucault, and Charles Taylor, while also calling on thinkers inspired by them. Nora Hämäläinen is Associate Professor (docent) in philosophy at the University of Helsinki, Finland. She is the author ofLiterature and Moral Theory and has co-edited the volume Language, Ethics and Animal Life - Wittgenstein and Beyond (with Niklas Forsberg and Mikel Burley)

Abstract
The basis of the connection between analytic philosophy and architecture theory was developed in the interwar period. The results of analytic philosophy – especially the neo-positivism of Vienna Circle – and modern, functionalist architecture theory were utilized in an interdisciplinary approach. The comparison was based on language puzzles, science-based building processes, the method of justification and verification, and designing an artificial language in order to express the theoretical (philosophical) and the practical (architectural) approach as well. The functionality was based on the modern way of architectural thinking that relied on the results of Carnapian neo-positivism. Interpreting modern architecture is possible by referring to the keywords of logical positivism: empiricism, logic, verification, unity of language, and science.
In my paper, I first list the bases of the comparison between the philosophy of the Vienna Circle and the architecture theory of the interwar period – the Bauhaus and Le Corbusier. In the 2nd and 3rd sections, I show the dialectical succession between form and function. After that, I discuss the aesthetic verification of the turn of the century and the scientific justification of the interwar period. I focus on the interwar period with the positivist approach and the theory of the 'new architecture'. I emphasize the importance of the language of science and the machine paradigm – in contrast to historicism.

Der Band diskutiert und erweitert den aktuellen Forschungsstand zu militärischen Interventionen. Hierbei werden sowohl Fragen der Legitimität von Interventionen als auch ihrer Durchführung sowie spezifischer Akteure betrachtet. Der Band gliedert sich in drei bewusst interdisziplinär angelegte Teile mit jeweils eigenem thematischem Schwerpunkt. Teil I widmet sich der Frage, wann eine Intervention legitim ist und, so sie erfolgt, wie sie durchgeführt werden sollte. Teil II geht darauf aufbauend der Frage nach, ob, und wenn ja, warum die hohen Hürden, die für Interventionen bestehen, eine Berechtigung haben. Teil III schließlich stellt die Frage nach relevanten Akteuren und danach, wer intervenieren sollte sowie welche Bevölkerungsgruppen nach Ende des Konflikts in den Wiederaufbau einbezogen werden sollten.Mit Beiträgen vonChristopher Beuter, Enrico Fels, Anna Goppel, Bob Sugeng Hadiwinata, Matthias Heise, Goetz Herrmann, Zarifa Mamedova, Christian Neuhäuser, Kathrin Rucktäschel, Steve Schlegel, Reinhold Schmücker, Chrisoph Schuck, Uwe Steinhoff, Andreas Vasilache, Sylvia Yazid.

"Ideal for students with little or no background in philosophy, Ethical Choices: An Introduction to Moral Philosophy with Cases provides a concise, balanced, and highly accessible introduction to ethics. Featuring an especially lucid and engaging writing style, the text surveys a wide range of ethical theories and perspectives including consequentialist ethics, deontological ethics, natural and virtue ethics, the ethics of care, and ethics and religion"--

Explores the implications of Gillian Rose's social & political theory of modernity. For Rose, modernity not only construes "the autonomous moral subject as free within the order of representations & unfree within its preconditions & outcomes," it is also "the working out of that combination" (1996). Focus is on how Rose tackled the aporias & contradictions of modern sociology & social theory, concluding that (1) Rose retrieves the absolute as fundamental to the meaning of social & political critique, & (2) in the face of demands for radical political action, not least in Karl Marx's 11th thesis on Anselm Ritter von Feuerbach, it is the religious dimension of political experience that has been consistently overlooked. It is argued that, in her concept of "the broken middle," Rose does not overcome the gap between theory & practice, but she does comprehend it as a way of life, one characterized by human struggling & failing. This way of life calls society to "mind the gap.". 20 References. Adapted from the source document.

Thomas Jefferson and Edward Coles were men of similar background, but the former remained a slaveholder while the latter emancipated his slaves. Examining the ways in which people such as Jefferson, who perform wrong and even evil actions, attempt to justify those actions both to others and to themselves illuminates the mistakes that we ourselves make in moral reasoning. The study of moral philosophy can help us to identify and correct for such mistakes. In applying the tools of moral philosophy to case studies of Nazi death camp commandants, American slaveholders, and a psychopathic serial killer, the author demonstrates how we can become better moral deliberators, thereby fulfilling our duties of due care in moral deliberation, moral self-scrutiny, and the development of moral virtue

Main description: This work manages to present a complete and informative overview of Nicholas Rescher's philosphy. A prominent representative of contemporary pragmatism and of 20th century's thought at large, Rescher wrote an impressive amount of volumes and essays on a wide variety of philosophical topics. The present book purports to make his theses and theories accessible in one single volume. Moreover, it provides an apparatus of references to the relevant literature produced by Rescher's critics, and positions his work in the wider setting of its links with various contemporary American and European philosophers. The mixture of pragmatism and idealism, typical of Rescher's stance, is carefully taken into account, along with his contributions to logic, philosophy of science, metaphysics, theory of knowledge, ethics, social and political philosophy.