Suchergebnisse

Based on our longitudinal, in‐depth qualitative research focusing on the social construction of deskilling among highly educated migrants from Central and Eastern European (CEE) member states of the European Union, we will discuss in this article the positioning of the interview partners within the interview situation as interrelated to societal racialised power asymmetries. In this contribution, we exemplify that critical migration research can only be carried out when we reflect on our methods accordingly. To do so, we discuss actual evidence from this ongoing research project: While we see that many of our interview partners from new EU member states are reluctant to point to negative experiences in our conversations, we want to highlight that the potentiality of discrimination is part of the interview setting in our research and thus co‐constructs the empirical data. By analysing a variety of discursive positioning strategies employed by our interview partners that can be understood as strategies to avoid anticipated discrimination, we aim to fulfil the promise of methodological reflexivity and thus contribute to the quality of interview research in the context of migration studies. The aim of this contribution is thus twofold: We want to contribute to methodological discussions as well as refine current research focussing on the racist experiences of CEE migrants.

Developments in the field of social robotics have increasingly played with the boundaries between human and machine, using remote or tele-presence technological innovations as a way to mediate or revolutionize human-machine interactions. This paper explores one such development, namely the roboticization of care labour in the realm of education, and the ways in which it brokers relationships between human and non-human interaction. Drawing on fieldwork in the Philippines and South Korea and using the telepresence robotic innovation of Engkey as a case study, this paper describes practices that represent the convergence of technology, politics, and intimacies that shape the complexities of contemporary forms of labour migration, articulations of gendered and racialized "skill," and changing relationships between human and non-human. The paper argues that these relationships are intentionally produced mediations of care: gendered and racialized hierarchies that produce new forms of affective labour and sociality that are governed by modes of simultaneous disembodiment and embodiment, immobility and mobility, and marketized statecraft through vocabularies of innovation and exploitation. These technologically produced mediations of care have implications for how we understand the connections between human and machine and how labour and sociality are ultimately brokered in the context of a neoliberal and capitalist world order. (Pac Aff/GIGA)

Turkey began to receive refugees from Syria in 2011 and has since become the country hosting the highest number of refugees, with more than 3.5 million Syrians and half a million people of other nationalities, mainly from Afghanistan, Iraq and Iran. An important turning point regarding the legal status of Syrian refugees has come with recent amendments to the Turkish citizenship law. Based on ongoing academic debates on integration and citizenship, this article will explore these two concepts in the case of Syrian refugees in Turkey. We will argue that the shift in the Turkish citizenship law is a direct outcome of recent migration flows. We further argue that the citizenship option is used both as a reward for skilled migrants with economic and cultural capital and as a tool to integrate the rest of the Syrians. It also reflects other social, political and demographic concerns of the Turkish government. Using our recent ethnographic study with Syrians and local populations in two main refugee hosting cities in Turkey, Istanbul and Gaziantep, we will locate the successes and weaknesses of this strategy by exemplifying the views of Syrian refugees on gaining Turkish citizenship and the reactions of Turkish nationals.

"This paper highlights the weak economic situation that currently prevails in major parts of Western Europe; it also outlines the prerequisites that are needed to make Europe attractive for international labour mobility without making domestic workers more vulnerable. This is done in four sections. The second section sets the scene for Western Europe and discusses the challenges posed by greying Europe's poor performance on growth. Section 3 reviews various channels through which more labour mobility is trickling through the labour market. Special attention is given to different types of migration, for example, highly skilled versus low-skilled migration. Drawing on Germany's experiences in implementing a new immigration law from scratch, Section 4 generalises the pros and cons of different steering devices for influencing labour mobility; it shows that the net welfare effect of migration depends heavily on how increased labour mobility is organised. This question is of major relevance for how the eastward enlargement of the EU will affect the European labour market. Section 5 concludes by blending theoretical considerations with policy recommendations." (excerpt)

While the externalization of border enforcement to African states may have contributed to a decline in arrivals to Europe via the Mediterranean Sea, Nigerien and European Union (EU) authorities have neglected the immense negative impacts of these migration policies on local communities, refugees, and migrants. This spotlight provides an overview of the local implications of the EU's strategy of externalizing its borders towards transit states in Africa. It focuses on the case of Agadez in Niger, which has been the primary transit city within the Sahel region for migrants and refugees in transit to Europe.

"This edited volume showcases different scholars from Latin America and the United States and their thoughts about child migration in the Americas. It takes an intersectional approach that regards migrant and refugee children in terms of gender, race and ethnicity, nationality and citizenship. It looks at child migrants and children of deportees, their family and school life, their experience as wage-laborers, the legislation and policies that affect them, the cultural and literary production on them, and other such topics, which will be studied through an anthropological, sociological, political science, educational and cultural studies approach"--

In diesem Band werden die Ergebnisse der ersten deutsch-japanischen Konferenz der Disziplin Volkskunde/Europäische Ethnologie präsentiert, die im November 2016 an der LMU München stattfand. Thematisch werden zunächst die grundsätzlichen Positionen und historischen Entwicklungen der japanischen und deutschen Volkskunde herausgearbeitet. In weiteren Sektionen geht es um aktuelle Tendenzen in der Stadtforschung und um die jüngsten Ergebnisse einer kulturwissenschaftlichen Katastrophenforschung. Ein weiteres Augenmerk wird auf Forschungen zu Migration und Multikulturalität gelegt. Schließlich kreisen mehrere Beiträge um die Themenkomplexe Kulturelles Erbe, Traditionen, Glaube und Ritual. Der Band gibt einen gelungenen Überblick über die Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede japanischer und deutscher volkskundlich-kulturwissenschaftlicher Forschung. Er eröffnet gerade dem deutschsprachigen Publikum einen sehr guten Überblick über die Geschichte und Gegenwart der japanischen Volkskunde, zeichnet die wichtigsten Forschungsfelder, Methoden und Theorien nach und setzt sie in ein Verhältnis zu deutschsprachigen Arbeiten. Der Band stellt zudem einen Auftakt zu einem intensiveren Austausch zwischen japanischen und deutschsprachigen Forscher_innen dar.

This article uses the post-Katrina migration as an exogenous shock to test theories of racial threat while minimizing concerns about selection bias. Drawing in part on a new survey of 3,879 respondents, it demonstrates that despite the national concern about issues of race and poverty following Katrina, people in communities that took in evacuees became less supportive of spending to help the poor and African Americans. The results suggest a novel hypothesis that threatened responses to newcomers hinge on both local conditions and the frames that develop around their arrival. Adapted from the source document.

Catalonia has received an unprecedented number of unaccompanied foreign children throughout the past decades, most of them from Morocco. This new form of migration has had a significant effect on the way that Children Welfare Services in Catalonia have been rearranged at different levels. Yet, the administrative reforms were not matched by a parallel substantive debate in Parliament. By analyzing a textual corpus of parliamentary texts, the article concludes that the set of parliamentary activities covering the issue of unaccompanied children contains no elements to ground a substantial political debate around it.

The East-West gap in the German population is believed to originate from migrants escaping the socialist regime in the German Democratic Republic (GDR). We use newly collected regional data and the combination of a regression discontinuity design in space with a difference-in-differences approach to document that the largest part of this gap is due to a massive internal migration wave 3 years prior to the establishment of the GDR. The timing and spatial pattern of this migration movement suggest that the dominant motive was escaping physical assault by the Soviet army and not avoiding the socialist regime. The skill composition of these migrants shows a strong positive selection. The gap in population has remained remarkably sharp in space and is growing.

В статье рассматриваются миграционные процессы, происходящие в России и Китае. Особое внимание уделяется законодательной базе, на основе которой осуществляется регулирование миграционных потоков. Акцентируется внимание на становлении социальной поддержки мигрантов России и внутренних мигрантов в Китае. Показано, что специфика социально-правовых статусов внешних и внутренних мигрантов в этих странах обусловливает и разные формы социальной поддержки. ; In this article are shown migration processes, which are happening in Russia and China. A special attention is given to legislative framework, on which is based migration pressure's regulation. There is an accent on the social support development of migrants in Russia and internal migrants in Chine. It's shown, that specific of social and legal statuses of external and internal migrants in these countries determines different forms of social support.

"Der Beitrag beleuchtet ein Segment der internationalen Mobilität im Kontext der
Transformation: die Entsendung westlicher Fach- und Führungskräfte. Auf der Basis
von Fallstudien in Unternehmen der Sektoren Nahrungsmittelproduktion und IuKTechnologien
in Lettland werden die Rahmenbedingungen dieser Migration und die
Funktionen der Hochqualifizierten untersucht. Der theoretisch-konzeptionelle Ansatz
ist eine institutionenorientierte Perspektive, der methodische Zugang eine
Mehrebenenanalyse. Die internationalen internen Arbeitsmärkte großer westlicher Unternehmen sind
auch im Falle Lettlands die wichtigsten Strukturgeber für die Migration der Fach- und
Führungskräfte. Für die Mehrheit der Expatriates erweisen sich als zentrale
Aufgaben, Qualifikationsdefizite temporär zu überbrücken und mittelfristig die hard
und soft skills an einheimisches Personal zu transferieren. Neben Kenntnissen und
Fähigkeiten geht es dabei um Haltungen, Einschätzungen und Verhaltensmuster,
die kaum lehrgangsmäßig gelernt werden können, sondern persönlich zu vermitteln
sind und die für den gelingenden Aufbau marktwirtschaftlicher Beziehungen wichtig
sind. Die Homogenität der Gruppe der Expatriates verweist auf starke Selektivität bei
den Entsendeentscheidungen. Ihre Arbeitsbedingungen einerseits und ihre geringen
Bezüge zu einheimischen Unternehmen andererseits zeigen Segmentierungsprozesse
am Arbeitsmarkt und in der wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung Lettlands an." (Autorenreferat)

Biographical note: Silja Klepp (Dr. phil.) arbeitet am artec - Forschungszentrum Nachhaltigkeit der Universität Bremen. Ihre Forschungsschwerpunkte sind Rechtsethnologie, Flucht und Migration sowie soziale Aushandlungsprozesse im Kontext des Klimawandels.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To investigate the lived subjective experiences of immigrant Indian nurses in Italy and specifically their professional and social integration. BACKGROUND: To study the worldwide, nursing flux is a health priority in the globalised world. The growth in migration trends among nurses, not only from Philippines or India, has proliferated in recent years. The research on nurses' mobility for Southern European countries is underexplored, and in Italy, the out-migration flows of Indian nurses were never analysed. DESIGN: Qualitative methodological approach. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews (n = 20) were completed with Indian clinical nurses working in Italy for more than one year mainly in private organisations. A purposive sampling technique was used for recruitment. The data were then content-analysed using an inductive method. RESULTS: The findings were categorised into four themes: (1) aspects of professional integration and working experience, (2) intra- and interprofessional relationships and perceptions of the IPASVI Regulatory Nursing Board, (3) initial nursing education and continuous professional development and (4) perceptions of social integration. CONCLUSION: The results show that for Indian nurses in Italy emigration is important to gain opportunities to expand economic and social privileges as well as escape from historical assumptions of stigma associated with nursing work, especially for women. However, these conclusions have to be seen in wider socio-cultural complexities that are at the basis of transnational fluxes (Prescott & Nichter ). RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The research offers an insight into the complicated reasons for Indian nurses out-migration to Italy. Without comprehending the interwoven textures of the political and social relations that are continually constructed and re-constructed among different nations, it is difficult to understand nurses out-migration and consequently have a better and safer collaborative teamwork in the host countries.