Suchergebnisse

The Nobel Peace Prize has long been considered the premier peace prize in the world. According to Geir Lundestad, Secretary of the Nobel Committee, of the 300 some peace prizes awarded worldwide, "none is in any way as well known and as highly respected as the Nobel Peace Prize" (Lundestad, 2001). Nobel peace speech is a unique and significant international site of public discourse committed to articulating the universal grammar of peace. Spanning over 100 years of sociopolitical history on the world stage, Nobel Peace Laureates richly represent an important cross-section of domestic and international issues increasingly germane to many publics. Communication scholars' interest in this rhetorical genre has increased in the past decade. Yet, the norm has been to analyze a single speech artifact from a prestigious or controversial winner rather than examine the collection of speeches for generic commonalities of import. In this essay, we analyze the discourse of Nobel peace speech inductively and argue that the organizing principle of the Nobel peace speech genre is the repetitive form of normative liberal principles and values that function as rhetorical topoi. These topoi include freedom and justice and appeal to the inviolable, inborn right of human beings to exercise certain political and civil liberties and the expectation of equality of protection from totalitarian and tyrannical abuses. The significance of this essay to contemporary communication theory is to expand our theoretical understanding of rhetoric's role in the maintenance and development of an international and cross-cultural vocabulary for the grammar of peace.

This paper pays tribute to Canadian social activist Edith Adamson, who described herself as "a voice for peace." That she was, contended those who knew her, & not a soft voice either. While some found her pushy, no one accused her of not practicing what she preached. As her children wrote in her Memorial Service Leaflet, "Edith always walked her talk." Her activism started as early as 1944 when she tried to avoid paying her taxes because half the Canadian budget was for the military, for which she, a Quaker pacifist, had no use. It was after she moved to Victoria, British Columbia, in 1975 that she became passionately active in social causes -- primarily "peace-not-war" & environmental protection. She continued her fight to exempt conscientious objectors to war from being taxed to conduct war & be allowed instead to put their money in a fund for peace. In 2001, almost blind, she resigned from her position on the Board of Conscience Canada. The current members of Conscience Canada are urged to follow in Edith's footsteps & "join in walking talk for peace.". S. Stanton

The subject of peace economics and its ramifications are comprehensively and deeply attacked in this book. First of all the book presents a compact survey of significant contributions already made, and then it provides a broad theoretical background for examining the subject by evaluating four different approaches, those of 1) neoclassical welfare theory, 2) Keynesian and modern versions of macroeconomics, 3) modern growth theory and 4) political choice theory.A number of contributions deal with major questions on issues such as the impact of military cutbacks in the Eastern European economies upon their growth; trade between nations; arms trade; nuclear defense; and the benefits and costs of war as highlighted by the recent Gulf War. Issues of a more general nature but equally significant are also discussed, including the age-old negotiations problem of two mature political leaders of major powers in conflict; the determinants of military expenditures; and the problems of developing countries. In the last chapter the findings of the studies reported in the book are summarized and key directions for further research are identified.This book is indispensable for any economist or analyst conducting research on peace economics and the peace process or concerned with the impacts of recent arms reduction and conversion by the major powers and the escalation of military expenditures elsewhere.