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This practical book describes the basic science, clinical presentation and management of the 67 common acute medical presentations stipulated in the Royal College of Physicians syllabus for Core Medical Training and Acute Core Common Stem. Case scenarios are included for each presentation, and guidance about management is offered in the context of national guidelines and important studies Experienced clinicians describe their approach to common difficult problems and explain the answers to questions often asked on the ward round by successive generations of trainees Chapters highlight key decisions that need to be made early, common misunderstandings, and risks Detailed discussion provides an understanding of the rationale, allowing the reader to apply their knowledge to other situations Guidance is provided on urgency of referral, safe ambulatory management, and when to seek specialist help. This is an essential resource that provides readers with the knowledge base to practise as a confident medical registrar

Introduction : a pluralistic approach to intelligence scholarship / Stephen Coulthart, Michael Landon-Murray, and Damien Van Puyvelde -- Framing intelligence research -- Framing the challenges and opportunities of intelligence studies research / Mark Phythian -- Confessions of an intelligence historian / John Ferris -- Data source and the study of national security intelligence -- The why, who, and how of using qualitative interviews to research intelligence practices / Damien van Puyvelde -- The use of structured behavioral observation systems to address research questions in intelligence / Misty Duke -- A sociological approach to intelligence studies / Bridget Rose Nolan -- Multidisciplinary perspectives on national security intelligence research -- Enhancing political science contributions to american intelligence studies / Stephen Marrin -- Can decision science improve intelligence? -- David R. Mandel -- Charting a research agenda for intelligence studies using public administration and organization theory scholarship / Rick Caceres-Rodriguez and Michael Landon-Murray -- How the field of communication can contribute to the understanding and study of national security intelligence / Rubén Arcos -- Beyond the ivory tower : the research and practice of intelligence -- Bridging the gap the scholar-practitioner divide in intelligence / Brent Durbin -- The ivory tower and the fourth estate / Paul Lashmar -- The ethics of intelligence research / Ross Bellaby -- Conclusion : the past, present, and future of intelligence research / Stephen Coulthart, Michael Landon-Murray, and Damien van Puyvelde -- List of contributors.

"Each day, we struggle to distinguish rumor from fact. Did the U.S. government blow up levees in New Orleans during Hurricane Katrina? Did American soldiers use night-vision goggles to spy on Iraqi women in Fallujah during the Iraqi War? These reports, taken from national and international media accounts, turned out to be false. In Rumor Psychology: Social and Organizational Approaches, expert rumor researchers Nicholas DiFonzo and Prashant Bordia investigate how rumors start and spread, how their accuracy can be determined, and how rumors can be controlled, particularly given their propagation across media outlets and within organizations. Exactly what is rumor, and how does it differ from gossip? Even though these terms are commonly used interchangeably, they differ greatly in function and content. Whereas gossip serves to evaluate and shape the social network, rumor functions to make sense of an ambiguous situation or to help people adapt to perceived or actual threats. Why do people spread and believe rumors? Rumors attract attention, evoke emotion, incite involvement, and affect attitudes and actions. Rumor transmission is motivated by three broad psychological motivations--fact-finding, relationship enhancement, and self-enhancement--all of which help individuals and groups make sense in the face of uncertainty. Rumor is also closely entwined with a host of social and organizational phenomena, including social cognition, prejudice and stereotyping, interpersonal and intergroup relations, social influence, and organizational trust and communication. This book comes at an interesting time given the sociopolitical Zeitgeist, making the study of rumor accuracy, transmission, and propagation a high priority for the international intelligence community. It will also be of interest to social psychologists, organizational psychologists, and researchers in organizational communication, organizational behavior, human resource administration, and public relations personnel who regularly encounter rumors"--Jacket. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved)

PurposeThe increase in business process management projects in the past decade has seen an increase in demand for business process modelling (BPM) techniques. A rapidly growing aspect of BPM is the use of workflow management systems to automate routine and sequential processes. Workflows tend to move away from traditional definitions of business processes that can often be forced to fit a model that does not suit its nature. Existing process modelling tools tend to be biased to either the informational, behavioural or object‐oriented aspect of the workflow. Because of this, models can often miss important aspects of a workflow. As well as managing the relationship between the types of model it is important to consider who will be using it, as process models are useful in various ways. The paper aims to address these issues.Design/methodology/approachThis paper reports on a case study in a manufacturing company, where users were surveyed to see which are the notations that are most common in modelling based on two main categories (i.e. behavioural and informational).FindingsThe research outcomes showed that there is no prevailing set of standards used for either of these categories, while most users feel the need to use more than one approach to model their system at any given time. Many companies face problems when trying to model the behaviour of human workers in the business processes. Existing techniques are mostly designed at modelling information systems or business processes, and rarely attempt to integrate the two.Originality/valueThis paper proposes the use of a new hybrid modelling methodology, which is an original idea, on existing tools and methodologies. Key authors in the literature recommend against the trend of developing a brand new methodology, so existing tools from each end of the scale were combined to provide a solution which is capable of modelling IS and BP.

A generalized model for an Instructional System is offered, as well as a model for such a system for use in preparing training and training materials for the U. S. Air Force. The rationale for a systematic approach to training is presented along with a discussion of the relationship between an Instructional System and Programmed Instruction.

Ecosystems have real thresholds and limits which, when exceeded, can affect major system restructuring. Once thresholds and limits have been exceeded, changes can be irreversible. Diversity is important to ecosystem functioning. The ecosystem approach is a strategy for the integrated management of land, water, and living resources that promotes conservation and sustainable use in an equitable way. The application of the ecosystem approach will help to reach a balance of the three main objectives: conservation, sustainable use, and a fair and equitable sharing of the benefits and use of the natural resources. Aquaculture development needs to be within the carrying capacity of the water resource so that it is sustainable and does not greatly impact the environment. The determination of the carrying capacity needs to be science-based. The planning of development in ecosystems has been done for freshwater ecosystems within the PAMB (Protected Area Management Board) framework, but in many cases this does not give the correct significance to the impact of aquaculture on the water resources in the ecosystem. It also needs to be extended to river basins and estuaries, brackishwater areas, and inland bays, and seas. The planning and management of aquaculture needs to be undertaken at the local government unit (LGU) level in a coordinated manner by all the LGUs that have a part of the water resource. The co-management of aquaculture, in terms of monitoring of the environment, monitoring of production, and monitoring of licenses, needs to be funded out of license fees and non-compliance fines collected by the LGUs. A number of these management activities need to be undertaken jointly (monitoring the environment) and others separately but in a coordinated manner (e.g., checking licenses and checking compliance).

The inaccessibility of the other ego in Husserl's phenomenology / Paul F. Zipfel -- The other holding on to things : M. Merleau-Ponty's phenomenological approach to the problem of intersubjectivity / Luís António Umbelino -- The "inner weakness"--Merleau-Ponty on intersubjectivity, subjectivity and Husserlian phenomenology / Luís Aguiar De Sousa -- On the ecological self : possibilities and failures of self-knowledge and knowledge of others / Roberta Guccinelli -- Intersubjectivity in psychiatry / Jorge Gonçalves -- The primacy of the whole in Scheler's phenomenology of otherness / Hélder Telo -- Being-with and being-alone in the young Heidegger / Paulo Alexandre Lima -- Sartre and intersubjectivity / André Barata -- Gabriel Marcel : intersubjectivity as reciprocal availability / Elodie Malbois -- What sense does solicitude make? Rethinking with Levinas the social import of fundamental philosophical inquiry / Vlad Niculescu -- From Merleau-Ponty to Foucault (and beyond) : towards a contemporary ontology of immanence / Gianfranco Ferraro -- Shame and ideas of the self : Bernard Williams, Kant, and J.M. Coetzee / Ana Falcato -- Intersubjectivity and style in L'etranger / Grace Whistler -- The poetry in the pity / Nicolas De Warren.

The variety of tasks of segmentation and conditions of markets formation generated a variety of methods of segmentation. The aim of the article is to create a scientific guide in the space of modern methods and tools for consumer markets segmenting. Among the methods of segmentation the most powerful tools are methods of multivariate data classification. The article discusses different approaches for constructing multivariate classification algorithms. During the study of socio-economic systems, the vast majority of events are not measured directly (mental abilities, personality traits, tolerance, competence, mobility, political beliefs, etc.). In such cases it is advisable to use the latent pattern or latent structural analysis. In the practice of segmentation we often have to deal with qualitative data. Processing qualitative data is based on the principles of typologies, which are embodied in computer technology. The use of a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods is often the best solution to the problem of market segmentation. DOI:10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n5p367

Modern realities requires new and innovative approaches in organization of university educational process. Academic mobility is one of these innovative approaches, equipping students with the new comprehension of global educational and modern world in general, which is characterized by free movement of people and ides. Virtual mobility is one of the forms of academic mobility, which cannot substitute the physical one, but can enhance organization of digital educational formats, open for joint of work of students from geographically remoted countries and universities. Virtual mobility was born on the cross-section of several initiatives – development of electronic tools in education, digital formats of education and international cooperation in high education. The article summarizes the experience of the Students' Mobility Capacity Building in Higher Education in Ukraine and Serbia (MILETUS) project, co-funded by the Erasmus+ Program of European Union and implemented in 2019-19, as well as other similar initiatives. The results and outcomes of these projects confirm that mobility is very relevant element of today's education, which enriches educational experience and provides global competence, while in the current pandemic realities virtual mobility is a valuable alternative to the physical one.

AbstractPolitical scientists routinely face the challenge of assessing the quality (validity and reliability) of measures in order to use them in substantive research. While stand-alone assessment tools exist, researchers rarely combine them comprehensively. Further, while a large literature informs data producers, data consumers lack guidance on how to assess existing measures for use in substantive research. We delineate a three-component practical approach to data quality assessment that integrates complementary multimethod tools to assess: (1) content validity; (2) the validity and reliability of the data generation process; and (3) convergent validity. We apply our quality assessment approach to the corruption measures from the Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) project, both illustrating our rubric and unearthing several quality advantages and disadvantages of the V-Dem measures, compared to other existing measures of corruption.

BACKGROUND: Research proactively and deliberately aims to bring about specific changes to how societies function and individual lives fare. However, in the ever-expanding field of ethical regulations and guidance for researchers, one ethical consideration seems to have passed under the radar: How should researchers act when pursuing actual, societal changes based on their academic work? MAIN TEXT: When researchers engage in the process of bringing about societal impact to tackle local or global challenges important concerns arise: cultural, social and political values and institutions can be put at risk, transformed or even hampered if researchers lack awareness of how their 'acting to impact' influences the social world. With today's strong focus on research impacts, addressing such ethical challenges has become urgent within in all fields of research involved in finding solutions to the challenges societies are facing. Due to the overall goal of doing something good that is often inherent in ethical approaches, boundaries to researchers' impact of something good is neither obvious, nor easy to detect. We suggest that it is time for the field of bioethics to explore normative boundaries for researchers' pursuit of impact and to consider, in detail, the ethical obligations that ought to shape this process, and we provide a four-step framework of fair conditions for such an approach. Our suggested approach within this field can be useful for other fields of research as well. CONCLUSION: With this paper, we draw attention to how the transition from pursuing impact within the Academy to trying to initiate and achieve impact beyond the Academy ought to be configured, and the ethical challenges inherent in this transition. We suggest a stepwise strategy to identify, discuss and constitute consensus-based boundaries to this academic activity. This strategy calls for efforts from a multi-disciplinary team of researchers, advisors from the humanities and social sciences, as well as discussants from funding institutions, ...

The aim of this article is to understand populism as a hegemonic project involving a struggle for power between different social forces. We take a critical realist approach in defining populism. This implies several things. We develop a new approach to understanding populist politics by taking neither a purely discursive (Laclau), nor a solely structural (Poulantzas), but a critical realist approach and analysing the three-way relationship between structural conditions, agency, and institutional framework. Second, it implies that populist politics is composed of complex and often contradictory dynamics and emergent features involving mainly domestic but also international processes. We develop this through a combination of three concepts – passive revolution, hegemonic depth, and partial hegemony. These indicate how a hegemonic project is situated in deeper social relations and how hegemonic leadership responds to this. We take the policies of AKP government in Turkey as a case in populist hegemonic project. We demonstrate that AKP has followed different hegemonic projects during its rule changing from an initial majoritarian populist politics to one of neoliberal authoritarian populism as it has consolidated its hegemonic depth. These different populist projects involve alternative visions of Turkey but are nevertheless all compatible with a global neoliberal agenda

Introduction: the need for integrated approaches to peace and sustainability -- A state of art review of the peace-sustainability nexus -- Women's Movement towards Building Sustainable Peace in Cross-Cultural Society: the Case of Peace Agenda of Women in the Deep South of Thailand -- Boko Haram Insurgency on North-Eastern Nigeria, how has this influenced food insecurity in the region? -- Exploring the need for an Integrated Conflict Sensitivity Framework in development assistance that contributes to peaceful and sustainable post-conflict societies -- The Components of Peace Agreements and FDI Inflows in -- Post-Civil War Economies: a cross country analysis over the period 1990 to 2019 -- Peace through Community Building Efforts of the Rohingya in Bangladesh -- The Humane yet Ambivalent Attitude Towards Refugees: A Potential Threat to Peace -- The Role of Media and Social Cohesion between Host and the Rohingyas in Cox's Bazar -- Human rights, social security and Ghana's response to the COVID-19 pandemic -- Non-adherence to principles of international law: The bane of environmental insecurity -- Peace, justice and security in Ghana: the need for peace education -- Co-benefits and synergies between food security and eight positive peace pillars -- Concluding remarks.

We develop a theoretical model to investigate how backward societies can improve their upgrading capabilities by transforming existing industrial agglomerations into dynamic clusters. Our main assumptions are two: first, emerging market economies are not uniform but characterized by variety of subnational regional and sectoral organizational and institutional configurations; second, the basic building block and unit of explanation in social sciences is personal action guided by some intention, which is heterogeneous across different actors. Based on these assumptions and the literature on human motives and social networks, we develop a purposeful approach to clusters and upgrading. We argue that governments can develop institutions with private actors that facilitate new types of relationships and improve the access local firms have to a variety of knowledge resources, a key ingre­dient to upgrading. We illustrate this argument revisiting the literature on clusters and upgrading in Latin America and using two case studies in Argentina, a country better known for its volatility and lack of optimal social capital and institutions. We conclude with avenues for further research.