Suchergebnisse

AbstractJean-Jacques Rousseau is well known for his love of the ancients. His use of examples from Sparta and republican Rome emphasized what he found lacking in modern times. This article attempts to establish how Rousseau's views on the ancients are related to his religious-political thought, particularly as it relates to his description of citizen religion in the last chapter of the Social Contract. While Rousseau admired many aspects of citizen religion, he rejects it for two reasons: reasons of humanity in the Geneva Manuscript and reasons of self-interest in the Social Contract. This article attempts to understand how the two can be reconciled through the view of citizen religion's contribution to patriotism and fanaticism.

AbstractCharles Bennet, 2nd Baron Ossulston is largely known through his diary of his daily social encounters, which was first analysed for its political import by Clyve Jones. A further set of documents in the Bennet family papers deepens our understanding of Ossulston's life and his social milieu among the aristocracy under Queen Anne. The love letters sent to him from a Mrs Sarah Sidney throughout 1710 reveal much about life in the aristocratic hothouse of St James's Square. They also show how the 'ministerial revolution' of that year was seen by two politically conversant figures at the margins of the royal court. This relationship was long‐lasting and has been a hitherto unknown aspect of Ossulston's life, which may help explain some of his attitudes.

This article discussed Islamic education studies in cultivated the peace. This article is based on social reality which is complete with conflict and violence that contradictive with Islamic basic doctrine abaout happiness and peacefulness.conflict and violence are not only influenced by one factor, but also they are influenced by multifactor like economy, culture, and politic. Violence is social problem is not hopped appear in human life, including violence by jihad or war in Allah road. Like wise the violence by the J. Galtung, that include with the cultural violence. So, the Islamic education is hoped to be the important element in cultivated the peace. In this contect, the Islamic education can programmed peace education as effort cultivation the peace in all aspect human life.

Demographic research shows the increase of childlessness rates among women born in 1970 in comparison to those born in 1953 in Lithuania, but cultural aspects influencing reproductive behavior are under-explored. To our knowledge, the representation of childlessness in the Lithuanian mass media has not been studied yet. The aim of this article is to analyze how childlessness is depicted in the most popular mass media from 2011-2016. Our research revealed that the discourse of childlessness is undeveloped, and the depiction of voluntary childlessness is dominating. It is portrayed favorably as a modern behavior, space for which consolidation is created challenging traditional social norms. Thus Lithuanian media appear as a part of global media that promotes imitative trends of social change.

AbstractHow do views about national identity shape support for multiculturalism? In this paper, we argue that individuals who view national ingroup belonging as "achievable" are more likely to support multiculturalism than individuals who view belonging as "ascriptive." Using data from the 1995, 2003, and 2013 International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) Nationality Identity survey waves across 35 advanced democracies, we find achievable national identities correspond with support for multicultural principles but not for programmatic aspects involving government intervention. Robust analyses reveal these patterns are specific to the content, rather than the strength, of one's national identity. Our findings underline the role of both national belonging and outgroup attitudes on building support for policies of inclusion—and therefore social solidarity—in diverse democracies.

Sociopolitical development, the process of coming to understand and take action against systems of oppression, is associated with key outcomes for youth. Although rooted in Paulo Freire's work on critical consciousness, sociopolitical development models overlook a motivational attribute—curiosity—that Freire characterized as a catalyst of such development. This longitudinal study investigated the relationship between curiosity and two aspects of sociopolitical development (social analysis, societal involvement) in a sample of Black and Latinx adolescents (N = 659). Longitudinal growth models demonstrated positive growth in all constructs over 4‐years of high school. Multivariate growth models revealed a positive correlation at baseline between curiosity and both constructs; growth in curiosity was also positively correlated with growth in social analysis and societal involvement.

Current violence and insecurity have transformed many aspects of social life in Mexico. In this article, I will analyze how the different configurations of indigenous autonomous government in Cherán and Tlahuitoltepec are viable forms of social organization for providing local security through their relationship with communal territory. In the initial theoretic discussion, I define territorialization as a dynamic process that includes multiple actors, involves a collaborative claim over land and is grounded in violence. In the empiric part, I focus on the processes of territorialization that encompass the relation of indigenous autonomous government, violence, and comunalidad. The (violent) conflicts over hegemonic projects are compound in this study by the autonomous indigenous government and their linkages with the state apparatus of representative democracy.

The paper explores relational practices in openings and closings in Norwegian students' e-mail requests in English. It investigates the range of opening and closing sequences and the frequency of their occurrence as well as their variation depending on the level of request imposition and social distance between the e-mail writer and the lecturer. The very high frequency of occurrence of openings and closings, considered to be optional e-mail elements, in a small corpus of 109 authentic e-mails demonstrates a clear orientation to interpersonal aspects of communication. An orientation to familiarity was identified in the openings while a slight preference for deference was found in the closings. Social distance appeared to affect relational practices to a greater extent than the level of imposition.

In September 2018 the Centre for Social Studies (CES), University of Coimbra, Portugal held a workshop entitled 'How can STS help to reflect on the political crisis associated with migrants, refugees and asylum seekers?' An international group of scholars from STS, migration and border studies met to explore the benefits and limitations of using the analytical and methodological repertoire of STS to understand the ongoing political and social migration crises. Here, the organizers and participants write together and argue that it is necessary to tap into the full potential of STS as science and intervention to contribute to engaging with the sociotechnical and epistemic aspects of forced migration and displacement, resettlement, (re)integration, inclusion and related debates and practices.

AbstractDa'wah is the delivery of Islamic teachings can be in the form of amar makruf and nahi munkar. The pattern of da'wah can take the form of cultural propaganda, political preaching, and economic da'wah. Efforts to implement or ground social monotheism supported by four doctrines also live in Muhammadiyah circles. The doctrine is the doctrine of enlightenment of the people, the doctrine of encouraging pious charity, the doctrine of cooperation for virtue, the doctrine of not practicing politics. Da'wah is not understood as a tabligh, but a massive movement on various aspects of human life. Muhammadiyah balances the spirituality of da'wah with social charity as a real movement in response to the problems of the ummah at various levels.Keyword: Da'wah, Muhammadiyah, Case Study.

Culturally, Indonesian society is indeed very thick with patriarchal customs. Patriarchy is a concept used in the social sciences, especially in Anthropology. The concept of patriarchy and violence against women is the main discussion in this paper. Patriarchal culture has for generations shaped differences in behavior, status and authority between men and women, the distribution of male power has advantages over women in one or more aspects, such as the determination of lineage (exclusive patrilineal descent and carrying a last name), rights of firstborn children, personal autonomy in social relations, and participation in public and political status. Men monopolize all roles. The unequal relationship often creates conflicts within the community, especially conflicts within the household that lead to acts of violence against women.

An emerging body of research suggests that telomere length (TL)—a measure of cellular aging—is inversely associated with experiences of childhood stress. Given the salience of peer relationships in childhood and adolescence, we tested whether relational victimization is a unique and specific predictor of salivary TL in girls. Results examining 122 girls (ages 9–15) revealed that greater relational victimization was related to shorter TL but that similar associations were not evident for other measures of social relationships nor accounted for by factors related to depression, life stress, or 5‐HTTLPR genotype. The present findings suggest that relational victimization is uniquely associated with TL in adolescence, revealing a link between key aspects of social relationships and biological processes.

Within the Western world, alcohol permeates many aspects of youth culture. Even though there is legislation prescribing a minimum age for purchasing alcohol, alcohol use among youth is, to a large degree, normalized both within youth culture and in society more broadly. For youth, alcohol use is intimately intertwined with the cultural meanings of alcohol, personal and social identity, and broader structures and processes of power. Consequently, the precise nature of the relationship between alcohol and youth culture varies, to some extent, across social groups. This project examines alcohol use among marginalized youth in particular, within the larger context of the normalization of alcohol in youth culture. Discipline: Sociology (Honours) Faculty Mentor: Dr. Tami Bereska

"Japan has everything except hope." This is a phrase that has become current to explain the social climate of contemporary Japan, such as the problems of bullying in schools and workplaces, the high suicide rate, people who have withdrawn from society, ethnic discrimination, and so on. These are not accidental problems, but historically and socially structured ones that have surfaced as expressions of the modern forms of individualism. They are not isolated phenomena found only in Japan, but may be seen as aspects of a broader crisis of global modernity. How can we transform this desperate, self-destructing social situation and find a sustainable future? This line of questioning is one of the crucial problems in this critically important book by Prasenjit Duara.

Basé sur l'exploitation de deux études longitudinales quantitatives ( elfe et devhom ) et d'une étude longitudinale qualitative (Génération 2011), cet article interroge le rapport à l'environnement social et les pratiques de sociabilité dans les familles homo et hétéroparentales. On analyse en particulier en quoi les homoparents se rapprochent ou se distinguent des hétéroparents en matière de sociabilité amicale, de pratiques de sorties et de perception du quartier et du voisinage. À partir d'analyses multivariées, il s'agit ainsi de comprendre quelques aspects des logiques selon lesquelles se construit le style de vie des parents et comment il trouve son prolongement dans un style éducatif. À caractéristiques sociales et sexe équivalents, des écarts s'observent entre les deux populations, pointant ainsi leurs spécificités.